- 相關(guān)推薦
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié)
總結(jié)是在某一特定時間段對學(xué)習(xí)和工作生活或其完成情況，包括取得的成績、存在的問題及得到的經(jīng)驗和教訓(xùn)加以回顧和分析的書面材料，它能使我們及時找出錯誤并改正，讓我們來為自己寫一份總結(jié)吧。那么總結(jié)要注意有什么內(nèi)容呢？以下是小編整理的七年級英語語法知識總結(jié)，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 1
1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。
2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing.
3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的否定句在be后加not。
4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首
5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的`特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：
疑問詞不達(dá)意+ be +主語+動詞ing?
但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為：
疑問詞不達(dá)意+ be +動詞ing?
動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste- tasting
3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be動詞(am, is, are)l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時的對劃線部分有三種情況。
1.問人。Who例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2.問干什么。What … do.例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3.問什么時候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同義句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 2
1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作感謝。
2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：
⑴am和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。(were not=weren’t)
⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。
3.句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的.句子
否定句：didn’t +動詞原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑問句：
⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?
如：What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式?
如：Who went to home yesterday?
動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied
5.不規(guī)則動詞過去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 3
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives
5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 4
1、人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個動詞之前(有時候位于than之后)，賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后。
2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨使用，后面不帶名詞。
人稱代詞物主代詞
主格賓格形容詞性名詞性
我I me我的my mine
你，你們you you你的，你們的your yours
他he him他的.his his
她she her她的her hers
它it it它的its its
我們we us我們的our ours
他(她，它)們they them他(她，它)們的their theirs
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 5
一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹
【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能
1.表示事物或人物的'特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。
2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床。
3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成
1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：
I am a boy.我是一個男孩。
2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：
We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。
一般現(xiàn)在時的變化
1. be動詞的變化。
否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。
如：-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.
特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行為動詞的變化。
否定句：主語+ dont( doesnt ) +動詞原形(+其它)。如：
I dont like bread.
當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：
He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 6
一、七年級英語語法--詞法
(一)名詞
1.名詞的數(shù)
我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：
(1)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
(2)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
(3)①以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
②以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
(4)以o結(jié)尾加s(外來詞)。如：radios, photos, 但如是輔音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西紅柿, potatoes馬鈴薯
(5)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
(6)單復(fù)數(shù)相同(不變的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
(7)一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
(8)單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同學(xué), family家，家庭成員
(9)合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的`復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
(10)有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚 fishes魚的種類, paper紙 papers報紙，卷子，論文, work工作 works作品，工廠, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光線 lights燈, people人 peoples民族, time時間 times時代, 次數(shù), chicken 雞肉 chickens 小雞
(11) 單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
(12) 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
2.名詞的格
當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：
(1)單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
(2)復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’ Day教師節(jié), classmates’ Children’s Day六一節(jié), Women’s Day婦女節(jié)
(3)由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)
(二)代詞
項目 人稱代詞 物主代詞 指示代詞 反身代詞
人稱 主格 賓格 形容詞 名詞性
第一人稱 單數(shù) I me my mine myself
復(fù)數(shù) we us our ours ourselves
第二人稱 單數(shù) you you your yours yourself
復(fù)數(shù) you you your yours yourselves
第三人稱 單數(shù) she her her hers herself
he him his his himself
it it its its this that itself
復(fù)數(shù) they them their theirs these those themselves
(三)動詞
1.第三人稱單數(shù)
當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)那樣加s，如下：
(1)一般在詞后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
(2)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
(3)①以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
②以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
(4)以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does, goes
(5)特殊的有：are-is, have-has
2.現(xiàn)在分詞
當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：
(1)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
(2)以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
(3)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
(4)以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
(四)形容詞的級
我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：
(1) 一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest
(2)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest
(3) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
(4)特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))
good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst
little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest
(五)數(shù)詞 (基變序，有規(guī)則;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、七年級英語語法--句式
(一)陳述句
肯定陳述句
1. This is a book. (be動詞)
2. He looks very young. (連系動詞)
3. I want a sweat like this. (實義動詞)
4. I can bring some things to school. (情態(tài)動詞)
5. There’s a computer on my desk. (There be結(jié)構(gòu))
否定陳述句
1. These aren’t their books.
2.They don’t look nice.
3. Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School.
4. Kate can’t find her doll.
5. There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)
(二)祈使句
肯定祈使句
1. Please go and ask the man.
2. Let’s learn English!
3. Come in, please.
否定祈使句
1. Don’t be late.
2. Don’t hurry.
(三)疑問句
1. 一般疑問句
(1)Is Jim a student?
(2) Can I help you?
(3) Does she like salad?
(4) Do they watch TV?
(5) Is she reading?
肯定回答:
(1) Yes, he is.
(2) Yes, you can.
(3) Yes, she does.
(4) Yes, they do.
(5) Yes, she is.
否定回答:
(1) No, he isn’t.
(2) No, you can’t.
(3) No, she doesn’t.
(4) No, they don’t.
(5) No, she isn’t.
2. 選擇疑問句
Is the table big or small?
回答 It’s big./ It’s small.
3.特殊疑問句
(1) 問年齡 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.
(2) 問種類 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.
(3) 問身體狀況 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.
(4) 問方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.
How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.
(5) 問原因 Why do you want to join the club?
(6) 問時間 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..
What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.
When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.
(7) 問地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.
(8) 問顏色 What color are they? They are light blue.
What’s your favourite color? It’s black.
(9) 問人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.
Who is the boy in blue? My brother.
Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.
Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
(10) 問東西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.
What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.
(11) 問姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.
What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.
What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.
(12) 問哪一個 Which do you like? I like one in the box.
(13) 問字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.
(14) 問價格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.
(15) 問電話號碼 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.
(16) 問謂語(動作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.
(17) 問職業(yè)(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.
What’s your father? He’s a doctor.
三、七年級英語語法--時態(tài)
(一)一般現(xiàn)在時
表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有：
Be 動詞：She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.
情態(tài)動詞：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.
行為動詞：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.
Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.
(二)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sb be v-ing sth + 其它.
I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.
Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.
They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 7
1.復(fù)習(xí)詞匯：
baseballsoccerball,have
2.詞匯：tennis,racket,bat,volley,basketball,television,interesting,boring,fun,difficult,relaxing,welcome,our,sports,center,like,we,many,club,pingpong,more,join,class
3.句型：
DoyouhaveaTV?Yes,Ido./No,Idont.
Dotheyhavecomputer?Yes,theydo./No,theydont.
Doeshe/shehaveasoccerball?Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesnt.
DoesChiyounghaveabaseball?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesnt.
Letsplaysoccer.Idonthaveasoccerball.
Well,Letsplayvolleyball.Thatsoundsgood.
語法重點：行為動詞have的一般現(xiàn)在時的用法;使用do和does引導(dǎo)的`一般疑問句的構(gòu)成和使用。
七年級英語語法知識總結(jié) 8
[第一類] 名詞類
1. 這些女老師們在干什么?
[誤] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英語中，當(dāng)一名詞作定語修飾另一名詞(單或復(fù)數(shù)形式)時，作定語的名詞一般要用其單數(shù)形式;但當(dāng)man, woman作定語修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式時，要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式men, women.
2. 房間里有多少人?
[誤] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人們”解時，是個集合名詞，其單復(fù)數(shù)同形。
3. 我想為我兒子買兩瓶牛奶。
[誤] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析] 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時，常用“a/ an或數(shù)詞+表量的可數(shù)名詞+ of + 不可數(shù)名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，其中當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于1時，表量的可數(shù)名詞要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。
[第二類] 動詞類
4. 你妹妹通常什么時候去上學(xué)?
[誤] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助動詞do(或does)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句時，句中的.謂語動詞用其原形。
5. 琳達(dá)晚上經(jīng)常做作業(yè)，但今晚她在看電視。
[誤] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening shewatching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening sheis watching TV.
[析] 在初一英語學(xué)習(xí)階段，我們接觸到了兩種主要時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時。一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動作，常和often, usually, sometimes 等時間狀語連用。在一般現(xiàn)在時的句子中，若主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞要用其第三人稱單數(shù)形式。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時由be(am / is / are)+ving形式構(gòu)成。
6. 這雙鞋是紅色的。
[誤] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析] 在shoes,trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成雙成對的衣物或工具名詞前用pair(表計量)修飾時，謂語動詞的形式由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來決定。
[第三類] 代詞類
7. 這張票是她的，不是我的。
[誤] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析] 物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。形容詞性物主代詞之后一定要接名詞，而名詞性物主代詞之后不需接任何詞。
8. 吳老師教我們英語。
[誤] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的賓語，因此當(dāng)sb.為人稱代詞時要用其賓格形式。
[第四類] 介詞類
9. 你能找到這個問題的答案嗎?
[誤] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英語中用“theanswer to …”表示“……的答案”。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。
10. 格林先生星期六上午來這里。
[誤] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析] 表示在上午、下午等時，介詞要用in;而表示在具體的某天上午、下午時，介詞要用on.
11. 那個穿著紅裙子的小女孩是我們老師的女兒。
[誤] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析] 用介詞表示“穿戴衣物”時，只能用in，其他介詞沒有此用法。
【七年級英語語法知識總結(jié)】相關(guān)文章：
七年級英語語法知識點歸納總結(jié)12-09
高二英語語法知識點總結(jié)05-12
高中英語語法總結(jié)大全英語語法基礎(chǔ)知識整理09-11
高中英語語法知識點總結(jié)05-31
初中英語語法知識點總結(jié)05-09
初中英語語法知識點總結(jié)04-09
高一英語語法知識點歸納總結(jié)10-14
初中英語語法知識點總結(jié)【必備】10-09