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四級(jí)真題試卷歷年真題及答案
在各領(lǐng)域中，我們經(jīng)常跟試卷打交道，試卷是紙張答題，在紙張有考試組織者檢測(cè)考試者學(xué)習(xí)情況而設(shè)定在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)完成的試卷。一份好的試卷都具備什么特點(diǎn)呢？下面是小編為大家整理的四級(jí)真題試卷歷年真題及答案，希望能夠幫助到大家。
四級(jí)真題試卷歷年真題及答案 1
問題：假設(shè)你的大學(xué)正在就大學(xué)圖書館是否應(yīng)該向公眾開放征求學(xué)生的意見
范文參考：In the modern era,there is aheated debate regarding whether theuniversitys library should be open to the public.Some believe thatit will do us more good than harm,while others argue that it wilpose a threat to the order and operation of the university.In myview,the university authorities shouldbe cautious about offeringthe outsiders an access to such an important venue,
Above all,the library,serving as a critical academic facility as well asan indispensable researchsite for both students and teachers,issupposed to keep those limited valuable resourcesto its authorizedusers.If the university choosesto open the library to the public,it ishighly possible that a mass of people will rush into this place,leavingmany college students and teachersunable to complete their aca-demic work.Furthermore,when too many citizens crowd into thelibrary,there will be unnecessary talking,laughing,quarreling oreven chasing,incurring disorder of one kind oranother.
In conclusion,the merits of such a practice outweigh the demerits.Therefore,opening the universitys library tothe public must neverbe put on the universitys agenda.
四級(jí)翻譯
農(nóng)歷(the lunar calendar)起源于數(shù)千年前的中國(guó)，根據(jù)太陽(yáng)和月亮的運(yùn)行規(guī)律制定。長(zhǎng)期以來農(nóng)歷在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪邪l(fā)揮著重要作用。古人依據(jù)農(nóng)歷記錄日期，安排農(nóng)活，以便最有效地利用自然資源和氣候條件，提者農(nóng)作物的.產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量。中國(guó)的春節(jié)、中秋節(jié)等傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的日期都基于農(nóng)歷。農(nóng)歷是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，當(dāng)今依然廣為使用。
The lunar calendar,which originated from China thousandsof years ago,was set by themoving law of the sun and themoon.For a long period of time,such a calenda has playeda very important role inagricultural production and peoplesdaily life.Ancient Chinese arranged their farm work by thedate of the lunar calendar to make the best use of natural re-sources and climate and improve the quality and yield ofcrops.Traditional Chinese festivals such as the Spring Festi-val and the Mid-autumn Festival are based on the lunar cal-endar.It is a significant part of traditionalChinese culturewhich is still widely used today.
四級(jí)閱讀
四級(jí)聽力
NEWS 1
Six people had to move away from their home toanother place after a fire broke out in a building onMain Street Saturday,officials said.Firefightersresponded to the three story building shortly after 1p.
m.for a reported structure fire.According to NorwalkDeputy FireChief Adam Markiewicz.
Markiewicz said crews encountered heavy smokecoming from the second floor when they arrived.Ateam of about 25 firefighters then spent about 25minutes extinguishing the flames.Officials describedthe structure as a mixed use building that featurescommercial businesses on the first floor andresidential on the second and third floors.
Town records list four apartments in the building.Dueto smoke and heat damage,the four apartments weredeclared uninhabitable,and the six residents had tomove to another place,officials said.No injuries werereported in connection with the fire.The Norwalk FireMarshal is investigating the cause and origin of thefire.
Q1:Why did the 6 residents haveto find another placeto stay?
Q2:What does the news report say the Norwalk FireMarshal is doing?
NEWS 2
A new study has cast doubt on historic research,suggesting that the season or month of someones birth isassociated with an increased risk of certain mental healthconditions.The study looks at symptoms of anxiety anddepression among more than 70,000 older adults inEurope.A number of past studies have found the linkbetween season of birth and mental health diagnoses.
Researchers have suggested that such links could arisefrom various things.These include nutrient intake,sunexposure,climate,and disease exposure varying across thecourse of the year.However,evidence has been mixed.More recent studies have suggested thatfactors such associal class oreconomicbackground have more to do withthese diagnoses thanmonth of birth.
Overall,the new study found no significant relationshipbetween participants month of birth and symptoms ofdepression or anxiety.There was some variability in somecountries.In Poland,depressive symptoms fluctuated alittle depending on birth month.In the Czech Republic,thesame was true of anxiety symptoms.But on the whole,there was no systematic pattern.
Q3:What have a number of past studies found aboutseason of birth?
Q4:What did the new study find about the relationshipbetween participantsmonth of birth and symptoms ofdepression?
NEWS 3
Genetic researchers in China have made a clone of astar police dog.The clone was born in a laboratory inBeijing in December.Tests show that the clone andher mother are almost identical genetically.Themother dog helped solve multiple murders and manyother crimes.The clone has already performed betterthan traditionally bred dogs on several tests.
If the clone continues to perform as well as expected,itcould mean a huge reduction in thetraining time forpolice dogs,which usually takes about fiveyears.Theultimate goal of scientists is to produce clones oftalented police dogs that can be trained in monthsinstead of years.However,this goal is not yet possibledue to thecurrent costs ofthe technology.
This is not the first time a clone has been made of astar police dog.In South Korea,six clones beganworking with the police in 2008.
Q5:What do the researchers tests show about thecloned dog?
Q6:What is the scientists purpose in cloning policedogs?
Q7:Why does the news report say the scientists goal isnot yet possible?
Conversation 1
W:Tom,did you see the article online about the new TV seriesbased on the book The Three Body Problem?
M:A colleague mentioned the book,but Ive been so busywritingmythesis that I havent been able to read for pleasure in months.W:Well,soundslike if youre going to read anything for fun,this isthe book.Its written by a Chinese science fiction writer.I cantremember his name,but hes written three books in all,and TheThree Body Problem is the first inthe series.I dont wantto say toomuch and spoil it for you,but its definitely got some amazingtechnological and sociological concepts in it.
M:It does soundlike itwould suit my taste,but if they are makingaTV series based on it now,I dont know ifI should read the book orwatch the show first.
W:I think its better to read the book first.Its rare for the show ormovie to be better than the book.And then,you just end upruining the book for yourself,ifthe show isntvery good.
M:When is the show supposed to start?Im a bit overwhelmed withthe amount of data I still need to collect to finish my thesis.But Istill need to relax sometimes.
W:I cant remember exactly.Its pretty soon,and its going to bequite long.There are 24 episodes.Well,maybe you coulddownload an electronic copyof the book and try to read it beforethe show starts
M:Thats a good idea.And then,maybe we can watch the seriestogether.Thanks forthe tip,Alice.No problem.
Q8:How did the man getto know aboutthe book The Three BodyProblem?
Q9:What does the woman say she cant remember about thebooks author?
Q10:What does the man haveto do tofinish his thesis?
Q11:What will the man most probably do first aftertheconversation?
Conversation 2
W:Hello,good afternoon.I have an inquiry to make.Itsabout thevegetarian food festival you are holding on the 19thof August at the Newcastle City Hall.
M:Yes,ofcourse.My names Philip.How can I help you?
W:It says on your website that you are still looking forvendors,and I grow organic vegetables on my farm,as well asdoing my own home baking.Would I be able to sell both thevegetables and items baked from them at the festival?
M:Thats exactly the type of thing we are looking for.Weregetting close to the deadline,however.Do you prefer to fillout an application on the web,or to print it out and fill it in byhand and then post it back to us?Remember that you willhave to have all your certificates to hand when you are fillingout the forms,as the standards are high and they will becarefully checked before anyone will be able to sell theirproduce at the event.
W:I should be fine with doing it on your website,and I alreadyhave all my certificates,as we run a small farm shop too.Butcan you give me yourdetails anyway?
M:Sure.Please address it to the Organic Organization,VendorApplications,112 Queens Road,Newcastle,Northumbria.The postcode is NU 293LJ.Remember that the closing dateis next Tuesday,the 28th of June.
W:Thats absolutely wonderful.Thank you so much for yourhelp.Goodbye.
Q12:why does the woman call the man?
Q13:what is the man still lookingfor?
Q14:what does the man say?They are getting close to.
Q15:what does the man finallyask the woman to remember?
Passage 1
Supporters call it wild camping.Opponents call itillegal camping.What both sides accept is that there has been a boom in the pastfew months,with increasing numbers of visitors pitching theirtents on any bit of land theyfancy in the UK.In part,this reflectsthe factthat official campsites have been wholly or partiallyclosed,or are overflowing,in a summer when fewer people aregoing abroad.
It is also cheap,at a time when many are worried about whattheeconomic future holds.Butit may alsobe an expression ofadesire forgoingoutdoors.Aresponse to themonths of lockdown.Most of the coverage ofthe boom in wild campinghas beennegative.Camping in public parks has now been banned forAugust and the early part of September because campers dumplitter,human waste,and even their tents on the grassland.
Similar action has been taken even in Scotland,wherecamping isusually permitted on most of its open land.Clearly,there have tobe rules.It would make sensethatwild campers need to ask forpermission to camp from landowners,especially outside Scotland,wherethe law is far more restrictive.It would be common senseforpeople to use small tentsand leave no trace of their visit.
They have been attracted by a patch ofland that is close towilderness,and itis their responsibility to keep it that way.
Q16:Why has wild camping become popular in the UK?
Q17:Why is campingbanned for partof the summer in publicparks?
Q18:What does the speaker suggestcampers do?
Passage 2
Imagine boating down the Amazon River,minding your ownbusiness,calmly keepingan eye outfor alarmingly large snakes,and a curious pink dolphin appears to swim alongside.While thismay seem like a mythical creature,pink dolphinsdo exist in theAmazon region.The Amazon River Dolphin is a giant among itsspecies.
It can measure up to2 meters long and weigharound 204kilograms.Size isnt the only thing that setsthe Amazon RiverDolphin apart.Thriving in South American rivers and temporarylakes caused byseasonal flooding,this freshwater dolphin issometimes shockingly pink.Although born gray,males of thespecies are easilyidentified as they enter adulthood bya decisivepinkshade.
Their unusual coloringis believed to be the result ofscar tissuefromdolphin fights,whetherplay fighting or a seriousbid for amate.The deeper the pink,the more attractivethe males arebelieved to be,and the older the male,the more pink he will have.Theres also a theory that this color helps thedolphins more readilyblend in withtheir surroundings.
During heavy rains,rivers along the Amazon rainforestturn a pinkshade,and with Male dolphins are harderto detect.The Amazonwetland system,fed by the Amazon River,is a crucial place for pinkdolphinsto breed.And,since 2018,has been grantedinternationally protected status.
Q19:Whatdoes the passage say about pink dolphins?
Q20:What is the unusual coloring of pink dolphins believed tooriginate in?
Q21:What has become of the Amazon wetland system since 2018?
Passage 3
In a new Merrill Lynch Age Wave survey,a full 70 percent of the earlyadults said theyve received financial support from their parents inthe past year,and 58 percent said they couldnt afford their currentlifestyles without it.The most common types of financial supportinclude cell phone plans,food,school costs and car expenses.
Parental financial support of early adults,said Ken Dichtwald,CEO ofAge Wave,is the new normal.But 64 percent of theyoung adultssurveyed said parents financial support to children aged 25-34 is abad thing,because it makes thosekids dependent.By contrast,only29 percentthought supporting men and women aged 18-24 is bad.
The remaining 71 percent thought that assistance helps the adultchildren get ahead.Dick Fould believes the young women and mensurveyed were saying that by 25,young adultsought to be financiallyindependent.In fact,the respondents said financial independencedefines adulthood.Financial independence is something they werestruggling with and challengedby.
And it scared them a bit,Dichtwald said.One big reason theyrestruggling is attributed to college loans,of which the averageamounts to $37,000.Many ofthe parents havetaken on college loansfor the kids too,sometimes at the expense of their own finances.Inthe survey,60 percent of early adults define financial success asbeing debt-free.Whether thats likely,or even possible,anytimesoon,is anyones guess.
Q22:What do we learn from a new survey by Merrill Lynch Age Wave?
Q23:Why did most young adults in the survey sayfinancialsupport tochildren aged 25-34 is a bad thing?
Q24:What did the respondents in the survey say regarding financialindependence?
Q25:What is one big reason young adults are struggling?
四級(jí)真題試卷歷年真題及答案 2
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Diretions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Example: You will hear:
You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.
C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had
to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office.
Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.
Sample Answer [ A ] [B] [C] [D]
1.A) She is not interested in the article.
B) She has given the man much trouble.
C) She would like to have a copy of the article.
D) She doesnt want to take the trouble to read the article.
2.A)He saw the big tower he visited on TV.
B) He has visited the TV tower twice.
C) He has visited the TV tower once.
D) He will visit the TV tower in June.
3.A) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.
B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professors time.
C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.
D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.
4.A) He doesnt enjoy business trips as much as he used to.
B) He doesnt think he is capable of doing the job.
C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.
D) He wants to spend more time with his family.
5 A)The man thought the essay was easy.
B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.
C) The woman thought the essay was easy.
D) Neigther of them has finished the assignment yet.
6.A) In the park. B) Between two buildings.
C) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.
7.A) Its awfully dull. B) Its really exciting.
C) Its very exhausting. D) Its quite challenging.
8.A) A movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech.
9.A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.
B) They are having the coldest winter ever.
C) The weather will soon get warmer.
D) The weather may get even colder.
10.A) A mystery story.
B) The hiring of a shop assistant.
C) The search for a reliable witness.
D) An unsolved case of robbery.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each
passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
questions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11.A) They want to change the way English is taught.
B) They learn English to find wella2paid jobs.
C) They want to have an upa2to date knowledge of English.
D) They know clearly what they want to learn.
12.A) Professionals.
B) College students.
C) Beginners.
D) Intermediate learners.
13.A) Courses for doctors.
B) Courses for businessmen.
C) Courses for reporters.
D) Courses for lawyers.
14.A) Three groups of learners.
B) The importance of business English.
C) English for Specific Purposes.
D) Features of English for different purposes.
Passage Two
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
15.A) To show off their wealth.
B) To feel good.
C) To regain their memory.
D) To be different from others.
16.A) To help solve their psychological problems.
B) To play games with them.
C) To send them to the hospital.
D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.
17.A) They need care and affection.
B) They are fond of rounda2thea2world trips.
C) They are mostly from broken families.
D) They are likely to commit crimes.
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18.A) Because it was too heavy.
B) Because it did not bend easily.
C) Because it did not shoot far.
D) Because its string was short.
19.A) It went out of use 300 years ago.
B) It was invented after the shortbow
C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.
D) Its still in use today.
20.A) They are accurate and easy to pull.
B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.
C) They are usually used indoors.
D) They took 100 years to develop.
Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
21. As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______it.
A) postpone B) refuse C) delay D) cancel
22. these books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.
A) all the information B) all the informations
C) all of information D) all of the informations
23. Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.
A) had he arrived B) would he have arrived
C) did he arrive D) should he have arrived
24. Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art; they want art theycan participate in.
A) conservative B) content C) confident D) generous
25. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that thepower of the medium is _______.
A) granted B) implied C) exaggerated D) remedied
26. These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly becausenot all victims report them.
A) unrecorded B) to be unrecorded C) unrecording D) to have been unrecorded
27. I have no objection _______ your story again.
A) to hear B) to hearing C) to having heard D) to have heard
28. The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.
A) curiosity B) status C) determination D) significance
29. By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity tochange his mind.
A) accurate B) urgent C) excessive D) advertising
30. You will see this product _______ wherever you go.
A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising
31. The early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.
A) go along with B) go back on C) go through D) go into
32. The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.
A) would present B) present C) presents D) ought to present
33. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption issignificantly higher than that of women.
A) whose B) which C) that D) what
34. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.
A) to stop B) stopping C) stop D) having stopped
35. I didnt know the word. I had to _______ a dictionary.
A) look out B) make out C) refer to D) go over
36. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his argumentsin favourof the new theory.
A) to be based on B) to base on C) which to base on D) on which to base
37. There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.
A) that B) which C) in which D) whose
38. I think I was at school, _______ I was staying with a friend doring the vacation when I heard the news.
A) or else B) and then C) or so D) even so
39. It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.
A) partial B) beneficial C) preferable D) liable
40. In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ troubleover the figures.
A) extensive B) spare C) extra D) supreme
41. --"May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at five oclock tonight?"
--"Im sorry. M. Williams _______ to a conference long before then."
A) will have gone B) had gone C) would have gone D) has gone
42. You _______ him so closely; you should have kept your distance.
A) shouldnt follow B) mustnt follow
C) couldnt have been following D) shouldnt have been following
43. The growth of parta2time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.
A) have allowed B) allow C) allowing D) allows
44. Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.
A) assembled B) accumulated C) piled D) joined
45. Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.
A) include B) involve C) contain D) comprise
46. Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtainingfreshwater is not the least.
A) with which B) for which C) of which D) which
47. In the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose upto $30 million.
A) face B) time C) event D) course
48. The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.
A) had not worked B) not to work C) does not work D) did not work
49. _______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
A) Although much he likes her B) Much although he likes her
C) As he likes her much D) Much as he likes her
50. The British constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historicalevents described above.
A) within B) to C) by D) at
PartIII Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:
Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing thedisputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.
The researcher organized an experimental tournament (錦標(biāo)賽) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23mistakes, a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters.The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard ofrefereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball,the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.
51. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _______.
A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup
B) analyse the causes of errors made by football referees
C) set a standard for football refereeing
52. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _______.
A) slightly above average B) higher than in the 1998 World Cup
C) quite unexpected D) as high as in a standard match
53. The findings of the experiment show that _______.
A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball
B) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors
C) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur
D) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
54. The word "officials" (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to _______.
A) the researchers involved in the experiment
B) the inspectors of the football tournament
C) the referees of the football tournament
D) the observers at the site of the experiment
55. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?
A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.
B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.
C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.
D)An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.
Passage Two
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:
While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a greatsuccess in many states ?a at least in getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.
In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been eut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains atmore than 30 percent--twice the national average.
For advocates (代言人)for the poor, thats an indication much more needs to be done.
"More people are getting jobs, but its not making their lives any better," says Kathy Lairn，a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Pricorities in Washington.
A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996,a greater percentage of single, femalea2headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.
but for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as
well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
"Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family," says Robert Rector, a welfarea2reform policy analyst. "The reform is changing the moral climate in lowa2income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德觀)，which is much more important."
Mr. Rector and others argued that once "the habit of dependency is cracked," then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.
56. From the passage, it can be seen that the author _______.
A) believes the reform has reduced the governments burden
B) insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor
C) is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reform
D) considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful
57. Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?
A) Because many families are divorced.
B) Because government aid is now rare.
C) Because their wages are low.
D) Because the cost of living is rising.
58. What is worth noting from the example of Athens County is that _______.
A) greater efforts should be made to improve peoples living standards
B) 70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years
C) 50 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare
D) the living standards of most people are going down
59. From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at _______.
A) saving welfare funds
B) rebuilding the work ethic
C) providing more jobs
D) cutting government expenses
60. According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _______.
A) the poverty rate was lower
B) average living standards were higher
C) the average worker was paid higher wages
D) the poor used to rely on government aid
Passage Three
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage:
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) Clothes. People have be come conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible(可減稅的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Thoughthere are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
61. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.
A) still judge a man by his clothes
B) hold the uniform in such high regard
C) enjoy having a professional identity
D) will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
62. People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.
A) suggests quality work
B) discards his social identity
C) appears to be more practical
D) looks superior to a person in civilian clothes
63. The chief function of a uniform is to _______.
A) provide practical benefits to the wearer
B) make the wearer catch the public eye
C) inspire the wearers confidence in himself
D) provide the wearer with a professional identity
64. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.
A) are usually helpful
B) have little or no individual freedom
C) tend to lose their individuality
D) enjoy greater popularity
65. The best title for this passage would be _______.
A) Uniforms and Society
B) The Importance of Wearing a Uniform
C) Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform
D) Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
Passage Four
Question 66 to 70 are based on the following passage:
Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.
Those of us with strong support systems appear betterable to cope with major life
changes and daily hassles(困難). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those withou such ties.Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(擋開) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is streng thened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us todefine and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find socialcompanionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our socialneeds while at the same time distracting(轉(zhuǎn)移...注意力)us from our worries and troubles. Finally,other people may give us instrumental support ?a financial aid, material resources, and needed services-- that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
66. Interpersonal relationships are important because _______.
A) they are indispensable to peoples social weel-being
B) they waken peoples desire to exchange resources
C) they help people to cope with life in the information era
D) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.
67. Research shows that peoples physical and mental health _______.
A) relies on the social welfare systems which support them
B) has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
C) depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D)is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
68. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word"cushions"(Line 1, Para.2)?
A) Adds up to. B) Does away with.
C) Lessens the effect of. D) Lays the foundation for.
69. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _______.
A) instrumental support B) informational support
C) social companionship D) the strengthening of self-respect
70. Social companionship is beneficial in that _______.
A) it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
B) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
C) it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable
D) it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
PartIV Translation (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, there are items, each consisting of one or two sentences for you to translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passates you have just read in Part Three of Test Paper One. You should refer back to the passaes so as to indentify their meaning in the context.
S1. (Lines 1-2, Para.1, Passage 1)
Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing
the disputed refereeing(裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
S2. (Lines 1-2, Para.6, Passage 2)
But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
S3. (Lines 5-6, Para.2, Passage 3)
What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter tolose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
S4. (Lines 3-4, para.1, Passage 4)
Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are alowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Is A Test of Spoken English Necessary? You should write at least 100 words, and base your compotition on the outline given in Chinese below:
1.很多人認(rèn)為有必要舉行英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)考試，理由是......
2.也有人持不同的'意見，......
3.我的看法和打算
Is a Test of Spoken English Necssary?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET).
2000年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試(聽力材料)
Section A
1. M: Would you like a copy of profesor Smiths article?
W: Thanks, it its not too much trouble.
Q: What does the woman imply?
2. W: Did you visit the Television Tower when you had your vacation in Shanghai last summer?
M: I couldnt make it last June. But I finally visited it two months later. I planto visit it again sometime next year.
Q: What do we learn about the man?
3. M: Prof. Kennedy has been very busy this semester. As far as I know, he works until midnight every day.
W: I wouldt have troubled him so much if I had known be was so busy.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
4. W: If I were you, I would have accepted the job.
M: I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away frommy family.
Q: Why didnt the man accept the job?
5. M: How are you getting on whith your eassay, Mary? Im having a real hard time with mine.
W: After two sleepless nights, Im finally through with it.
Q: What do we learn from this conversation?
6. W: Where did you say you found this bag?
M: It was lying under a big tree between the park and the apartment building.
Q: Where did the man find the bag?
7. M: Wouldnt you get bored with the same routine year after year teaching the same things to children?
W: I dont think it would be as boring as working in an office. Teaching is moststimulating.
Q: What does the woman imply about office work?
8. M: I was terribly embarrassed when some of the audience got up and left in themiddle of the performance.
W: Well, some people just cant seem to appreciate real-life drama.
Q: What are they taling about?
9. W: Oh, its so cold. We havent had such a severe winter for so long, have we ?
M: Yes the forecast says its going to get worse before it warms up.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
10. M: You were seen hanging about the store on the night when it was robbed, werentyou?
W: Me? You must have made a mistake. I as at home that night.
Q: What are they taling about?
Section B
Passage One
There are three groups of English learners; beginners, intermediate learners, and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about students who want to lean specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students, who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to lean. A bank clerk, for example, wants to u se this specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from airline pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of the that specialist language, and not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes, or ESP and there isnt ESP courses for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far, the most popular ESP courses are for business English.
11. What is the characteristic of learners of special English?
12. Who needs ESP courses most?
13. What are the most popular ESP courses in Britain?
14. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
Passage Two
The first step to stop drug abuse is knowing why people start to use drugs. The reasons people abuse drugs are as different as people are from one to another. but there seems to be one common thread: people seem to take drugs to changes the way they feel. They want to feel better or feel happy or to feel nothing. Sometimes, they want to forget or to remember. People often feel better about themselves when they are under the influence of drugs. But the effects dont last long. Drugs dont solve problems. They just postpone them. No matter how far drug s may take you, its always around trip. After a while, people who miss drugs ma y feel worse about themselves, and they they may use more drugs. If someone you know is using or abusing drugs, you can help. The most important part you can pl ay is to be there. You can let your friends know that you care. You can listen a nd try to solve the problem behind your friends need to use drugs. Two people together can often solve a problem that seems too big for one person alone. Studies of heavy abusers in the United States show that they felt unloved and unwanted. They didnt have close friends to talk to. When you or your friends take the time to care for each other, youre all helping to stop drugs abuse. After all, what is a friend for?
15. Why do some people abuse drugs?
16. According to the passage, what is the best way to stop friends from abusing drugs?
17. What are the findings of the studies about heavy drug users?
Passage Three
Bows and arrows, are one of mans oldest weapons. They gave early man an effective weapon to kill his enemies. The ordinary bow or short bow as used by nearly all early people. This bow had limited power and short range. However, man overcame these faults by learning to track his targets at a close range. The long how was most likely discovered when someone found out that a five-foot piece of wood made a better bow than a three-food piece. Hundreds of thousands of these bows were made and used for three hundred years. However, not one is known to survive today. We believe that a force of about one hundred pounds was needed to pull the string all the way back on a long bow. For a long time the bow was just a bent stick and string. In fact, more changes have taken place in a bow in the past 25 years than in the last 7 centuries. Today, bow is forceful. It is as exact as a gun. In addition, it requires little strength to draw the string. Modern bows also have precise aiming devices. In indoor contest, perfect scores from 40 yards are common. The invention of the bows itself ranks with discovery of fire and the wheel. It was a great-step-forward for man.
18. Why did man have no track his target at a close range when using a short bow ?
19. What does the passage tell us about long bow?
20. What do we know about modern bows?
Part I Listening Comprehension
1-10: CCBDB DACDD
11-20: DABCB AACBA
Part II Reading Comprehension
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C
26. A 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. B
31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
36. D 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. C
41. A 42. D 43. D 44. A 45. B
46. C 47. C 48. D 49. D 50. B
Part IV Reading Comprehension
51. A 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. B
56. D 57. C 58. A 59. B 60. D
61. B 62. A 63. D 64. C 65. D
66. A 67. B 68. C 69. A 70. D
Part IV Translation
S1. 1988年世界杯足球賽早已塵埃落定,但失望的球迷們?nèi)栽谪?zé)罵那些頗有爭(zhēng)議的判罰,聲稱正是那些判罰使他們的球隊(duì)沒能獲勝。
S2.但是窮人們?cè)跊]有政府救濟(jì)的情況下，生活照樣過得很好，對(duì)很多人來說，這一事實(shí)本身就是一個(gè)巨大的勝利。
S3.對(duì)于一名護(hù)士、理發(fā)師或是一侍者而言，還有什么比脫掉制服更加便利的方法能讓他們失去職業(yè)身份呢？
S4.社會(huì)資助是由人與人之間的資源交換所構(gòu)成的，而這種交換乃是建立在他們?nèi)穗H關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)之上。
Part V Writing（略）
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