全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題（精選6套）
現(xiàn)如今，我們很多時(shí)候都不得不用到試題，試題是參考者回顧所學(xué)知識(shí)和技能的重要參考資料。你知道什么樣的試題才是好試題嗎？下面是小編精心整理的全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題，歡迎大家分享。
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題 1
【CATTI】一級(jí)筆譯真題
Section 1 Translation
Part 1 English-Chinese Translation (英譯漢)
Translate the following passage into Chinese.
Alice Munro, winner of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature, once observed: “The complexity of things — the things within things — just seems to be endless. I mean nothing is easy, nothing is simple.”
That is also a perfect deion of Ms. Munro’s quietly radiant short stories — stories that have established her as one of the foremost practitioners of the form. Set largely in small-town and rural Canada and often focused on the lives of girls and women, her tales have the swoop and density of big, intimate novels, mapping the crevices of characters’ hearts with cleareyed Chekhovian empathy and wisdom.
Fluent and deceptively artless on the page, these stories are actually amazingly intricate constructions that move back and forth in time, back and forth between reality and memory, opening out, magically, to disclose the long panoramic vistas in these people’s lives (the starts, stops and reversals that stand out as hinge moments in their personal histories) and the homely details of their day-to-day routines: the dull coping with “food and mess and houses” that can take up so much of their heroines’ time.
Ms. Munro’s stories possess an emotional amplitude and a psychological density . Her understanding of the music of domestic life, her ability to simultaneously detail her characters’ inner landscapes and their place in a meticulously observed community, and her talent for charting “the progress of love” as it morphs and mutates through time — these gifts have not only helped Ms. Munro redefine the contours of the contemporary short story, but have also made her one of today’s most influential writers.
In short fiction that spans four and a half decades. Ms. Munro has given us prismatic portraits of ordinary people that reveal their intelligence, toughness and capacity to dream, as well as their lies, blind spots and lapses of courage and good will. Such deions are delivered not with judgmental accountancy, but with the sort of “unsparing unsentimental love” harbored by a close friend or family member.
Like Ms. Munro, many of the women in these stories grew up in small towns in Canada and, at some point, faced a decision about whether to stay or to leave for the wider world. Their lifetimes often span decades of startling social change — from a time and place when tea parties and white gloves were de rigueur to the days of health food stores and stripper bars.
For that matter, Ms. Munro’s women, often find themselves caught on the margins of shifting cultural mores and pulled between conflicting imperatives — between rootedness and escape, domesticity and freedom, between tending to familial responsibilities or following the urgent promptings of their own hearts.
In story after story, passion is the magnet or the motor that drives women’s choices. Love and sex, and marriage and adultery are often mirrors that reveal a Munro heroine’s expectations — her fondest dreams and cruel self-delusions, her sense of independence and need to belong.
Ms. Munro is adept at tracing the many configurations that intimacy can take over the years, showing how it can suffocate a marriage or inject it with a renewed sense of devotion. She shows how sexual ardor can turn into a “tidy pilot flame” and how an impulsive tryst can become a treasured memory, hoarded as a bulwark against the banalities of middle age.
Illness and death frequently intrude upon these stories, and the reader is constantly reminded of the precariousness of life — and the role that luck, chance and reckless, spur-of-the-moment choices can play. Some of Ms. Munro’s characters embrace change as a liberating force that will lift them out of their humdrum routines, or at least satisfy their avid curiosity about life. Others regard it with fearful dismay, worried that they will lose everything they hold dear — or at least everything familiar.
Part 2 Chinese-English Translation (漢譯英)
Translate the following passage into English.
現(xiàn)代西方的中國(guó)學(xué)大致經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)代際的變化。第一代是歷史主義流派主導(dǎo)的，第二代是意識(shí)形態(tài)至上流派所主導(dǎo)的。當(dāng)代西方對(duì)中國(guó)的認(rèn)知，不論是學(xué)術(shù)界或大眾媒體，都深受這兩大代際和流派的影響。
現(xiàn)代中國(guó)學(xué)研究的第一代，可以追溯到20世紀(jì)初。他們用歷史主義的語(yǔ)境研究現(xiàn)代中國(guó)，研究方法深受中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化影響，研究領(lǐng)域涵蓋了中國(guó)的`政治、歷史、社會(huì)狀況和引領(lǐng)中國(guó)現(xiàn)代史的領(lǐng)袖人物。
中國(guó)學(xué)的第二代，始于89年，在后冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)代的意識(shí)形態(tài)狂熱中誕生。這一時(shí)期的研究，陷入自由民主或?qū)Ｖ篇?dú)裁的意識(shí)形態(tài)兩元對(duì)立。在研究取向上，強(qiáng)調(diào)政治立場(chǎng)先行和意識(shí)形態(tài)掛帥，目的只有一個(gè)，即證明中國(guó)的政治制度必然崩潰。可惜，這一代流派的研究一再被中國(guó)成功發(fā)展的事實(shí)證偽，備受質(zhì)疑。
最近幾十年來(lái)，中國(guó)全方位快速崛起，其巨大影響波及至世界各個(gè)角落。全球政治、歷史、經(jīng)濟(jì)研究的頂尖人士，紛紛聚焦中國(guó)，希望探究這一歷史重大事件的深遠(yuǎn)含義。
當(dāng)下，中國(guó)學(xué)正迎來(lái)一個(gè)新的代際，即第三代。第三代中國(guó)學(xué)發(fā)端于新的形勢(shì)背景下，研究方法和取向都不同以往。這一代際的演進(jìn)，將推動(dòng)中國(guó)學(xué)從基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)上發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)型，并對(duì)世界對(duì)中國(guó)的認(rèn)知產(chǎn)生決定性影響。
這個(gè)群體不再象前兩代那樣限于中國(guó)通，而是來(lái)自各個(gè)領(lǐng)域。第三代中國(guó)學(xué)呈現(xiàn)的一個(gè)趨向可以稱為實(shí)證派，即以收集客觀數(shù)據(jù)為基本研究方法，客觀分析中國(guó)的治理模式。
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題 2
2023年11月CATTI全國(guó)翻譯資格考試二級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題及答案
英譯漢 Passage One
Gender equality is not only a fundamental human right, but a necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world. Providing women and girls with equal access to education, health care, decent work, and representation in political and economic decision-making processes will fuel sustainable economies and benefit societies and humanity at large. Therefore, gender equality and womens empowerment are one of the overarching priorities of UNESCO.
性別平等不僅是一項(xiàng)基本人權(quán)，也是實(shí)現(xiàn)世界和平、繁榮和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必要基礎(chǔ)。為女性提供平等的教育、醫(yī)療保健、體面工作以及確保她們?cè)谡魏徒?jīng)濟(jì)決策過(guò)程中的代表權(quán)，將促進(jìn)可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，并在更大層面造福社會(huì)和全人類。因此，堅(jiān)持性別平等，賦予婦女權(quán)力是教科文組織的首要優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)之一。
This is a strategy for making women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres so that women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal is to achieve gender equality.
這是一項(xiàng)戰(zhàn)略性策略，旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)男女平等。因此，無(wú)論男性和女性，他們的關(guān)切和經(jīng)歷都要融入所有政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)領(lǐng)域政策和方案的設(shè)計(jì)、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)測(cè)和評(píng)估，從而使男女平等受益，阻止不平等現(xiàn)象的持續(xù)蔓延。
Increasing attention is being placed on gender equality issues globally, buoyed by several legal and normative instruments: conventions and declarations. Chief among these are the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. The latter, which was the outcome of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, in 1995, emphasizes the key role of media to promote gender equality in all spheres; all stake-holders are called to join forces to combat “stereotyping of women and inequality in women’s access to and participation in all communication systems, especially in the media”. UNESCO’s commitment and strategy to this end is pursued through a two-fold approach: (i) gender-specific programming and (ii) taking gender-focused actions in all of UNESCO’s fields work.
性別平等問(wèn)題日益在全球引發(fā)關(guān)注，也得益于若干法律和規(guī)范性文書（公約和宣言）的出臺(tái)，其中最主要的是《消除對(duì)婦女一切形式歧視公約》和《北京宣言和行動(dòng)綱要》。后者是1995年聯(lián)合國(guó)第四次婦女問(wèn)題世界會(huì)議的成果，強(qiáng)調(diào)媒體在促進(jìn)所有領(lǐng)域兩性平等方面的關(guān)鍵作用，并呼吁所有利益關(guān)聯(lián)方攜手破除對(duì)“對(duì)婦女的陳舊觀念，消除婦女獲得和參與信息交流領(lǐng)域尤其是媒介領(lǐng)域所遭遇的不平等現(xiàn)象”。教科文組織在這方面的承諾和戰(zhàn)略是通過(guò)兩種方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的：（1）根據(jù)性別設(shè)計(jì)的計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目；（2）在教科文組織的所有領(lǐng)域工作中實(shí)施性別關(guān)注行動(dòng)。
UNESCO’s Communication and Information Sector has fully embraced this commitment and has engaged globally in a wide range of gender-specific initiatives across its divisions and main actions. Equality between women and men working in the media, and equality in news reporting on women and men, are of equal importance and are being stridently pursued. In cooperation with the International Federation of Journalists and many other partners, UNESCO has adopted this global framework of Gender-Sensitive Indicators for Media (GSIM). These indicators have been developed to enable effective assessment of related development in the media.
教科文組織的傳播和信息部門積極踐行這個(gè)承諾，并在全球范圍內(nèi)在其各部門和主要行動(dòng)中采取了針對(duì)性舉措。實(shí)現(xiàn)在媒介組織和媒介內(nèi)容男女平等具有同等的重要性，也是我們一直在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。教科文組織與國(guó)際記者聯(lián)合會(huì)和許多其他合作伙伴合作，通過(guò)了這一全球媒體性別敏感指標(biāo)框架協(xié)議，以有效評(píng)估媒體的相關(guān)發(fā)展。
In order to further enrich the GSIM resource, and as a fundamental step for its completion, a second round of consultation was carried out online with UNESCO media partners globally. Broadcasting and print associations contributed comments, suggestions and insights to further enhance the document. The consultation with these associations was essential because it enables UNESCO to embed into the GSIM the perspectives of these key partners. This enables us to stress that use of the GSIM is not an attempt to limit freedom of expression and the independence of media, but to voluntarily enrich these underlying characteristics. UNESCO is confident that, if fully implemented, the GSIM will produce an impact in both qualitative and quantitative terms.
為了進(jìn)一步豐富媒體性別敏感指標(biāo)內(nèi)涵，實(shí)現(xiàn)指標(biāo)完善工作，教科文組織與其全球媒體合作伙伴在線進(jìn)行了第二輪磋商，吸納來(lái)自廣播和印刷協(xié)會(huì)這些關(guān)鍵合作伙伴提供的意見、建議和見解，以進(jìn)一步提高指標(biāo)質(zhì)量。與這些協(xié)會(huì)的協(xié)商是至關(guān)重要的，因?yàn)樗菇炭莆慕M織能夠?qū)⑦@些關(guān)鍵合作伙伴的觀點(diǎn)納入全球戰(zhàn)略信息管理。這樣做也使我們強(qiáng)調(diào)，使用性別敏感指標(biāo)并不是試圖限制了言論自由和媒體獨(dú)立性，而是自愿去充實(shí)指標(biāo)應(yīng)有之義。教科文組織相信，如果性別敏感指標(biāo)得到充分實(shí)施，其將對(duì)性別平等事業(yè)的質(zhì)和量都產(chǎn)生影響。
英譯漢 Passage Two
When rainfall is measured in feet, not inches, we are witnessing climate change bearing down on us. Catastrophic destruction tied to the Atlantic hurricane season, monsoon rains in Mumbai, and downpours in Niger are just a few of the many extreme weather events that are being intensified by global warming. While the rise of a few degrees in temperature may not be enough for a person to run a fever, that change is enough to radically impact the earth’s climate. By way of comparison, the earth was once rendered largely uninhabitable by a one to two-degree Celsius drop in temperature—an era now referred to as the Little Ice Age. In response to the threat posed by global climate change, most nations have committed to significant mitigation efforts, through the Paris Agreement, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
當(dāng)我們用英尺而不是英寸來(lái)衡量降雨量時(shí)，我們就能切身感受氣候變化的影響。全球變暖，極端天氣增多，例如與大西洋颶風(fēng)季節(jié)有關(guān)的災(zāi)難性破壞、孟買的季風(fēng)雨和尼日爾的洪災(zāi)。對(duì)于人類而言，氣溫上升幾度不足以讓人發(fā)燒，但對(duì)于地球來(lái)說(shuō)，影響確是根本性的。歷史上地球上的溫度僅僅下降了1到2攝氏度，地球一度變得基本上不適合居住——這個(gè)時(shí)代現(xiàn)在被稱為小冰河時(shí)代。為了應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化帶來(lái)的威脅，大多數(shù)國(guó)家作出重要努力，依據(jù)《巴黎協(xié)定》，減少溫室氣體排放，力求減緩全球變暖加劇。
But will these collective efforts be enough? Some scientists are trying another approach, exploring new tools to deliberately alter the global climate system. These discrete and diverse technologies are often grouped under the all-encompassing and poorly defined rubric of “climate engineering” or “geoengineering.” These radically different approaches aim to either halt the process of global warming by removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere or to counteract warming already under way.
但是，這些集體努力就足夠了嗎？一些科學(xué)家正在嘗試另一種方法，探索有意改變?nèi)驓夂蛳到y(tǒng)的新工具。這些不同而多樣的技術(shù)通常被歸為“氣候工程”或“地球工程”這一包羅萬(wàn)象的模糊術(shù)語(yǔ)。這些截然不同的.方法旨在通過(guò)從大氣中清除溫室氣體來(lái)阻止全球變暖的進(jìn)程，或者采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)已經(jīng)在發(fā)生的變暖現(xiàn)象。
The problem is, while several tools seem to be gaining ground in computer models, laboratories, and even real-world experiments, public discussion has not kept pace with their advancement. To date, there has been too little transparency and international dialogue around the progress, feasibility, risks and benefits of these efforts. Climate engineering and current mitigation and adaptation efforts are not mutually exclusive. Experts generally agree that these new technological approaches alone are unlikely to provide adequate protection from the dangers posed by rising global temperatures.
但是問(wèn)題是，盡管這些工具措施通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)模擬、實(shí)驗(yàn)室及現(xiàn)實(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)都取得了進(jìn)展，但公眾卻對(duì)此并不知情，慢了半拍。迄今為止，圍繞這些努力的進(jìn)展、可行性、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和好處，其透明度不高和開展的國(guó)際對(duì)話也太少。事實(shí)上，氣候工程與當(dāng)前人們采取的緩解于適應(yīng)性措施并不是相互排斥的。另外，專家們普遍認(rèn)為，僅靠這些新的技術(shù)方法不太可能提供足夠的保護(hù)，以應(yīng)對(duì)來(lái)自全球氣溫上升帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。
In 1965, the Science Advisory Committee raised concerns about manmade climate change and warned that “man is unwittingly conducting a vast geophysical experiment.” More than 50 years later, the field of climate engineering remains largely unknown, especially to policymakers and the public.
1965年，科學(xué)咨詢委員會(huì)提出了對(duì)人為改變氣候變化的擔(dān)憂，并警告稱“人類正在無(wú)意中進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的地球物理實(shí)驗(yàn)。”50多年后，氣候工程領(lǐng)域在很大程度上仍然未知，尤其是對(duì)決策者和公眾而言。
There are real risks to using or rejecting climate engineering. While it is tempting to be for or against climate engineering, what decision makers need to do now is to gather scientific facts and ask as many questions as possible about what the deployment of these technologies might mean for individuals, societies, nations and regions.
無(wú)論采取還是摒棄氣候工程都確實(shí)存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。雖然支持或反對(duì)氣候工程的理由都很具有說(shuō)服力，但決策者現(xiàn)在需要做的是掌握大量科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)，并盡可能多地詢問(wèn)這些技術(shù)的運(yùn)用對(duì)個(gè)人、社會(huì)、國(guó)家和地區(qū)意味著什么。
漢譯英 Passage One
琴心和小核桃是兩個(gè)出生在2016年的“萌妹子”。在臥龍國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)(National Nature Reserve）進(jìn)行了兩年的野化培訓(xùn)后，2018年12月27日，它們?cè)邶埾缓缈趪?guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)被放歸。當(dāng)時(shí)兩只熊貓接受了體檢，它們的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和各項(xiàng)生理指標(biāo)均正常。
兩只大熊貓放歸后，科研人員組成的監(jiān)測(cè)小組立即著手對(duì)它們進(jìn)行跟蹤監(jiān)測(cè)。無(wú)線電監(jiān)測(cè)、GPS數(shù)據(jù)下載及分析、大熊貓糞便樣品采集、生存環(huán)境調(diào)查、紅外相機(jī)監(jiān)測(cè)等多種設(shè)備和手段的應(yīng)用，讓監(jiān)測(cè)隊(duì)員可以隨時(shí)掌握兩只熊貓的動(dòng)向。通過(guò)收集相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，開展野外研究，監(jiān)測(cè)人員希望了解兩個(gè)小家伙能否逐步適應(yīng)新的野外環(huán)境，融入野生大熊貓種群。
“我們保護(hù)區(qū)位于大熊貓分布區(qū)的中段，其顯著特點(diǎn)是直接聯(lián)系著岷山山系和邛山頂最大的大熊貓野生種群棲息地。”保護(hù)區(qū)虹口站站長(zhǎng)劉波表示，“這里是野生大熊貓生存、繁衍以及圈養(yǎng)（captive-bred）大熊貓放歸的天然走廊。”
Qinxin (“Heart of Qin”) and Xiao Hetao (“Little Walnut”), two adorable pandas born in 2016, were released into Longxi - Hongkou National Nature Reserve on December 27, 2018 after two years of rewilding training in Wolong National Nature Reserve. Physical examination on the spot revealed that their growth and physiological indicators met all the required standards. Since their release, a dedicated team of researchers began to monitor the progress of the two animals, by harnessing radio monitoring systems, analyzing GPS data, collecting fecal samples, investigating their living environment, and deploying infrared camera detectors. Through data collection and field research, they could determine whether the pandas can accustom themselves to the new environment and fit into the wild panda population over time.
“This place is in the central section of the region where pandas are distributed. It is a direct link between the Minshan mountains and Qionglai mountains, both of which are the largest habitats of wild pandas,” said Liu Bo, head of Hongkou Station in the reserve. “It is not only a place where wild pandas live and reproduce, but also a natural corridor through which captive-bred pandas are reintroduced into the wilderness.”（來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)XXLIN1987）
漢譯英 Passage Two
污染防治攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)是全面建成小康社會(huì)決勝階段的三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)之一。目標(biāo)是到2020年生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善，主要污染物排放總量大幅減少，環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)得到有效管控。
The war on pollution is one of the three major campaigns launched by China in the decisive stage of its efforts to build a well-off society in all respects. The objective is to achieve an overall improvement in the ecological environment, a significant reduction in the emissions of major pollutants, and the effective control of environmental risks by 2020.
生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題本質(zhì)上是高資源消耗、高污染排放的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式造成的。所以我們必須提高資源開發(fā)利用效率，減少資源消耗，并將生態(tài)文明(ecological conservation）的要求融入到經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中，加快形成節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式。我們要加快建立健全五大生態(tài)文明體系，即生態(tài)文化體系、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系、目標(biāo)責(zé)任體系、生態(tài)文明制度體系和生態(tài)安全體系等。這些體系的建立有助于我們從根本上解決生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題。
Environmental issues are essentially results of an economic development model marked by excessive resource consumption and high pollutant emissions. Therefore, it is imperative to improve resource efficiency, reduce resource consumption, integrate environmental efforts into economic development, and facilitate the establishment of an industrial structure and way of life and work that is resource-efficient and environmentally-friendly, so as to provide time and space for nature to recover and develop. There is also a need to accelerate the construction of five systems surrounding ecological civilization in terms of culture, economy, objectives and accountability, institutions, and security, all of which, when established, will contribute to the fundamental resolution of environmental problems.
我們要樹立良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境是最大的民生福祉這一基本民生觀。堅(jiān)持生態(tài)為民，重點(diǎn)解決損害群眾健康的突出環(huán)境問(wèn)題。從打贏藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)到水污染防治、土壤污染防治、農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治、城市污水治理。還自然以寧?kù)o、和諧、美麗，不斷滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的對(duì)美好環(huán)境的要求。
In livelihood improvement, we must stay committed to the fundamental belief that an excellent ecological environment delivers the greatest wellbeing to the people. Therefore, guided by the mission of creating a high-quality environment for all, we take robust efforts to address pressing environmental problems that harm the public’s health. From winning the battle against air pollution to managing water pollution, land contamination and urban wastewater, and upgrading rural living conditions, our efforts are geared to restoring serenity, harmony, and beauty to nature and meeting the growing demand of the residents for a nice environment.
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題 3
2024年6月四級(jí)翻譯真題及答案
原文1：農(nóng)歷
農(nóng)歷(the lunar calendar)起源于數(shù)千年前的中國(guó)，根據(jù)太陽(yáng)和月亮的運(yùn)行規(guī)律制定。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)農(nóng)歷在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪邪l(fā)揮著重要作用。古人依據(jù)農(nóng)歷記錄日期，安排農(nóng)活，以便最有效地利用自然資源和氣候條件，提高農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量。中國(guó)的春節(jié)、中秋節(jié)等傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的日期都基于農(nóng)歷。農(nóng)歷是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，當(dāng)今依然廣為使用。
參考譯文：
The lunar calendar originated in China thousands of years ago, formulated based on the movement patterns of the sun and the moon. For a long time, the lunar calendar has played a significant role in agricultural production and peoples daily lives. ancient people recorded dates and arranged farm work according to the lunar calendar to make the most effective use of natural resources and climatic conditions, enhancing the yield and quality of crops. The dates of traditional Chinese festivals like the Spring festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival are all based on the lunar calendar. The lunar calendar is an essential part of Chinese traditional culture and is still widely used today.
原文2：四合院
四合院(siheyuan)是中國(guó)一種傳統(tǒng)的住宅建筑，其特點(diǎn)是房屋建造在一個(gè)院子的四周，將院子合圍在中間。四合院通常冬暖夏涼，環(huán)境舒適，尤其適合大家庭居住。四合院在中國(guó)各地有多種類型，其中以北京的四合院最為典型。如今，隨著現(xiàn)代城市的`發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的四合院已逐漸減少，但因其獨(dú)特的建筑風(fēng)格，四合院對(duì)中國(guó)文化的傳承和中國(guó)歷史的研究具有重要意義。
參考譯文：
The siheyuan is a traditional Chinese residential architecture characterized by houses built around a central courtyard. It is typically warm in winter and cool in summer, providing a comfortable environment especially suitable for large families. The siheyuan comes in various types across China, with the Beijing siheyuan being the most typical. Nowadays, with the development of modern cities, traditional siheyuan have gradually decreased. However, due to its unique architectural style, the siheyuan is of great significance to the inheritance of Chinese culture and the study of Chinese history.
原文3：福
漢語(yǔ)中的福表示幸福和好運(yùn)，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中最常用的吉祥符號(hào)之一。人們通常將一個(gè)大大的福字寫在紅紙上，寓意期盼家庭幸福、社會(huì)安定、國(guó)家昌盛。春節(jié)貼福字是民間由來(lái)已久的習(xí)俗。為了歡慶春節(jié)，家家戶戶，都會(huì)將福字貼在門上或墻上表達(dá)對(duì)幸福生活的期待。人們有時(shí)還將福字倒過(guò)來(lái)貼，表示幸福已到。
參考譯文：
In Chinese, "Fu" represents happiness and good luck, and it is one of the most commonly used auspicious symbols in Chinese traditional culture. People often write a large "Fu" character on red paper, symbolizing the expectation of family happiness, social stability, and national prosperity. It is a long-standing folk custom to post the "Fu" character during the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival, every household will put up the "Fu" character on the door or wall to express their expectation for a happy life. Sometimes, people even paste the "Fu" character upside down, indicating that happiness has arrived.
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題 4
中國(guó)執(zhí)行改革開放政策，爭(zhēng)取在五十年內(nèi)發(fā)展起來(lái)。
China, by pursuing the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, is striving to become developed within 50 years.就我們中國(guó)來(lái)講，首先要擺脫貧窮。要擺脫貧窮，就要找出一條較快的發(fā)展道路。
For China, the first thing is to shake off poverty. To do that, we have to find a way to develop rapidly.中國(guó)人多、底子薄，發(fā)展很不平衡，人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值還處于世界后列。
We have a huge population, a weak economic foundation and uneven development, our per capita GDP ranks fairly low among the countries in the world.中國(guó)擁有世界上最多的人口，農(nóng)業(yè)人口也是世界第一。
China, with the largest population in the world, also ranks first in agricultural population.盡管水資源匱乏，耕地面積只占世界的7%，但中國(guó)得養(yǎng)活全世界四分之一的人口。
In spite of water shortages and with just 7 percent of the arable land on earth, China has to feed a quarter of the world’s population.如果非常概括地評(píng)價(jià)一下我國(guó)的貧富差距情況，那就是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)差距的上升速度過(guò)快了一些。
A very rough study of disparities in China’s wealth will show that they accelerate too fast.在短短的20年時(shí)間里，我國(guó)已經(jīng)從平均主義盛行的國(guó)家，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌^(guò)了國(guó)際上中等不平等程度的國(guó)家。
China has transferred from a country where economic equilibrium prevailed to one that exceeds the medium level of imbalance in wealth distribution n the world in a matter of only two decades.我國(guó)民眾的生活水平有了較大的'提高，這就是最大的上升流動(dòng)。
The living standards of the people have registered a remarkable elevation. This is the upward movement in the broadest sense of the world.在中國(guó)，以公有制為主體，各種經(jīng)濟(jì)成分共同發(fā)展的局面已經(jīng)形成。
In China, a pattern with the public sector remaining dominant and diverse sectors of the economy developing side by side has taken shape.農(nóng)民的生活水平不斷提高，大部分農(nóng)民已解決了溫飽問(wèn)題，不少農(nóng)民已過(guò)上小康生活。
The living standards of farmers have kept rising. Most of them have enough food and clothing and quite a few are leading a moderately prosperous life.香港回歸祖國(guó)，標(biāo)志著“一國(guó)兩制”構(gòu)想的巨大成功。
Hong Kong’s return to the motherland marks the great success of the concept of “one country, two systems.”二十年多來(lái)，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革不斷深化，綜合國(guó)力明顯增強(qiáng)，對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作日益擴(kuò)大。
Over the past two decades and more, China has deepened the reform of its economic system, notably increased its overall national strength and steadily expanded its foreign economic cooperation and trade.中國(guó)地處東亞，幅員遼闊，人口眾多，歷史悠久。
China is an East Asian country with a large territory, a huge population and a long history.中國(guó)從生產(chǎn)力到生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、從經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)到上層建筑都發(fā)生了意義深遠(yuǎn)的重要變化。
China has experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.人民日益增長(zhǎng)的物質(zhì)文化需要同落后的社會(huì)生產(chǎn)之間的矛盾是中國(guó)社會(huì)面臨的主要社會(huì)矛盾。
A principal challenge to Chinese society’s is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the backward production.中國(guó)人口已超過(guò)13億，約占世界人口的20%.
Our 1.3 billion people account for about one-fifth of the world’s population.中國(guó)的資源稟賦并不理想。
China is not endowed with sufficient resources.全面實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育，這是我國(guó)教育發(fā)展史上的重要里程碑。
Free compulsory education made available to all rural students marks an important milestone in the history of the development of China’s education.過(guò)去五年是改革開放和全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)取得重大進(jìn)展的五年，是社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力和綜合國(guó)力顯著增強(qiáng)的五年。
During the past five years, great strides were made in carrying our reform and opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and the productive forces and overall national strength were significantly improved.
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題 5
2024年6月四級(jí)翻譯真題及答案
原文1：農(nóng)歷
農(nóng)歷(the lunar calendar)起源于數(shù)千年前的中國(guó)，根據(jù)太陽(yáng)和月亮的運(yùn)行規(guī)律制定。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)農(nóng)歷在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪邪l(fā)揮著重要作用。古人依據(jù)農(nóng)歷記錄日期，安排農(nóng)活，以便最有效地利用自然資源和氣候條件，提高農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量。中國(guó)的春節(jié)、中秋節(jié)等傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的日期都基于農(nóng)歷。農(nóng)歷是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，當(dāng)今依然廣為使用。
參考譯文：
The lunar calendar originated in China thousands of years ago, formulated based on the movement patterns of the sun and the moon. For a long time, the lunar calendar has played a significant role in agricultural production and peoples daily lives. ancient people recorded dates and arranged farm work according to the lunar calendar to make the most effective use of natural resources and climatic conditions, enhancing the yield and quality of crops. The dates of traditional Chinese festivals like the Spring festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival are all based on the lunar calendar. The lunar calendar is an essential part of Chinese traditional culture and is still widely used today.
原文2：四合院
四合院(siheyuan)是中國(guó)一種傳統(tǒng)的`住宅建筑，其特點(diǎn)是房屋建造在一個(gè)院子的四周，將院子合圍在中間。四合院通常冬暖夏涼，環(huán)境舒適，尤其適合大家庭居住。四合院在中國(guó)各地有多種類型，其中以北京的四合院最為典型。如今，隨著現(xiàn)代城市的發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的四合院已逐漸減少，但因其獨(dú)特的建筑風(fēng)格，四合院對(duì)中國(guó)文化的傳承和中國(guó)歷史的研究具有重要意義。
參考譯文：
The siheyuan is a traditional Chinese residential architecture characterized by houses built around a central courtyard. It is typically warm in winter and cool in summer, providing a comfortable environment especially suitable for large families. The siheyuan comes in various types across China, with the Beijing siheyuan being the most typical. Nowadays, with the development of modern cities, traditional siheyuan have gradually decreased. However, due to its unique architectural style, the siheyuan is of great significance to the inheritance of Chinese culture and the study of Chinese history.
原文3：福
漢語(yǔ)中的福表示幸福和好運(yùn)，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中最常用的吉祥符號(hào)之一。人們通常將一個(gè)大大的福字寫在紅紙上，寓意期盼家庭幸福、社會(huì)安定、國(guó)家昌盛。春節(jié)貼福字是民間由來(lái)已久的習(xí)俗。為了歡慶春節(jié)，家家戶戶，都會(huì)將福字貼在門上或墻上表達(dá)對(duì)幸福生活的期待。人們有時(shí)還將福字倒過(guò)來(lái)貼，表示幸福已到。
參考譯文：
In Chinese, "Fu" represents happiness and good luck, and it is one of the most commonly used auspicious symbols in Chinese traditional culture. People often write a large "Fu" character on red paper, symbolizing the expectation of family happiness, social stability, and national prosperity. It is a long-standing folk custom to post the "Fu" character during the Spring Festival. To celebrate the Spring Festival, every household will put up the "Fu" character on the door or wall to express their expectation for a happy life. Sometimes, people even paste the "Fu" character upside down, indicating that happiness has arrived.
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格(水平)考試試題 6
英譯中
One way an organization can find staff for job vacancies is to recruit outside the company. It may opt to put an advertisement in a newspaper or magazine which gives a short description of the job and invites introductory letters from applicants. Since the company would not desire applicants who do not have a good profile. it is important that an application form sent to a profile. it is important that an application form sent to a prospective applicant should request clear information about such things as the applicant’s age, qualifications and work experience as well as references from other individuals who know the applicant well. This information assists the company’s management in making a final decision on those applicants they can short-list for an interview.
The staff conducting an interview together are called an "interview panel", who, prior to the interview, carefully review the job descriptions, personnel specifications, and applications. To help the panel in their selection, an interview assessment form is often used during the interview when each applicant is checked according to a number of criteria indicated on the form.
【參考譯文】
企業(yè)組織找人補(bǔ)充職位空缺的辦法之一是向公司以外招聘。它可以選擇在報(bào)紙或雜志上等廣告，提出簡(jiǎn)要的工作情況介紹并征集應(yīng)聘者的自薦信。由于公司不會(huì)錄用個(gè)人材料不佳的申請(qǐng)者，因此向有希望的應(yīng)聘者寄發(fā)包括年齡、資歷、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)等簡(jiǎn)明信息的`申請(qǐng)表，并向了解應(yīng)聘者情況的有關(guān)人士征求參考意見是很重要的。這些信息有助于公司管理部門縮小面試人員名單以最終作出錄用決定。
主持面試的工作人員稱之為"面試小組"。他們?cè)诿嬖囍耙屑?xì)審閱工作情況介紹、人員特長(zhǎng)要求喝應(yīng)聘者的.情況。為了幫助面試小組作出選擇，在面試中經(jīng)常使用面試評(píng)定表以根據(jù)表上的若干標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)應(yīng)聘者進(jìn)行考評(píng)。
中譯英
這所大學(xué)的任務(wù)是培養(yǎng)德智體全面發(fā)展，能熟練運(yùn)用外語(yǔ)從事外事和文化交流工作的合格人才。本科生分四年制和五年制兩種，學(xué)生畢業(yè)考試及格并且通過(guò)論文后，即可獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位。通用語(yǔ)種的學(xué)生，在能熟練使用外語(yǔ)后，還要接受諸如外事翻譯、語(yǔ)言學(xué)、文學(xué)、新聞、國(guó)際文化交流等方面的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練。這樣，畢業(yè)生在掌握一門外語(yǔ)之外還須具備上述專業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。
【參考譯文】
The task of this university is to train qualified personnel for foreign affairs and cultural exchange with foreign countries and teachers for institutions of higher learning, who are morally, intellectually and physically qualified and have a good command of foreign languages. It has a 4-year course and a 5-year course for undergraduates. Those who have passed the graduation examination and have written an acceptable thesis are awarded/given a Bachelor’s degree. Students of commonly used foreign languages, after acquiring the ability to use language efficiently, are intercultural communication, so that the graduates will have a basic knowledge in those fields in addition to their mastery of a foreign language.
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