Book5 Unit4

The Fourth Period Grammar

Inversion

Teaching goals 教學目標

1. Target language目標語言

Only after ... did sb ...

Only by doing ... could sb ...

Not only did ...

Seldom have I ...

2. Ability goals能力目標

Enable the students to use inverted sentences correctly.

3. Learning ability goals學能目標

Help the students learn how to use Inversion correctly.

Teaching important points 教學重點

Help the students use Inversion correctly.

Teaching difficult points教學難點

Guide the students to summarize the usage of Inversion.

Teaching methods 教學方法

Task-based learning; cooperative learning; practice.

Teaching aids 教具準備

A computer and a projector.

Teaching procedures ＆ ways教學過程與方式

Step Ⅰ Presentation

Ask the students to find the sentences of Inversion in the Reading.

T: Today we are going to learn Grammar. In normal word order in a sentence the subject comes before the verb. But sometimes the order of the subject and the verb is reversed, which we call Inversion. Please find the sentences of Inversion in the reading passage on page 26.

In a while, get the students to say the sentences. Then show the answers on the screen.

Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.

Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.

Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university, so it’s actually of special interest to me.

Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.

Step Ⅱ Explanation and Summary

T: Well, class, now I’d like to explain something about the inverted sentences so that you can have a better understanding of Inversion. Sometimes the order of the subject and the verb is reversed after the following adverbial elements:

1) Adverbial expressions of negation or near negation with no, not, never, neither, seldom, scarcely, rarely, barely and hardly, etc.

The same reversal of word order takes place after negative conjunctions like neither, nor, not only ... but also, no sooner ... than.

e.g. In no case can an exception be made.

Never have I seen such a stupid person.

Not until he loses all his money will he stop gambling.

Scarcely had he entered the room when he was knocked down by a stranger.

Not only is she beautiful, but she is also very intelligent.

I cannot attend the meeting tonight, and neither can my wife.

2) Adverbial expressions with only

e.g. Only after an operation will he be able to walk again.

Only once has he done such a thing.

3) Adverbial expressions with so

e.g. So greatly did he admire the beautiful actress he asked her to marry him.

The word order is also reversed after the conjunction so.

e.g. I caught a cold, and so did my wife.

4) Adverbial expressions of place

e.g. There stood the tallest man he had ever seen.

Inside the room were a few pieces of furniture.

But when the subject is a pronoun instead of a noun, the order should not be inverted.

e.g. Here he comes.

Off he ran.

5) Other adverbials in initial position

e.g. Loud and clear rang the bells.

Often did we sit together without saying a word.

Step Ⅲ Practice

T: To understand the Grammar better, we’ll do some practice. Now turn to page 29. Please do Exercises 2－4 on your own.

After the students finish, check the answers. Then deal with Exx. 1 ＆ 2 on page 64 and check the answers.

Step Ⅳ Consolidation

Present the following exercises on the screen.

T: Now let’s do more exercises to see how well you have grasped Inversion.

1. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

-I don’t know, ______.

A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care

C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also

2. Not until all the fish died in the river ______ how serious the pollution was.

A. did the villagers realize

B. the villagers realized

C. the villagers did realize

D. didn’t the villagers realize

3. Only in this way ______ do it well.

A. must we B. we could

C. can we D. we can

4. Hardly ______ when it began to rain.

A. had he arrived B. arrived he

C. he had arrived D. did he arrive

5. Only when class began ______ that he had left his book at home.

A. will he realize B. he did realize

C. did he realize D. should he realize

6. Not a single mistake ______ in the dictation yester-day.

A. did he make B. made by him

C. he made D. he had made

7. No sooner _____ his talk than he _____ the workers.

A. he finished; surrounded all

B. did he finish; did surround

C. had he finished; was surrounded by

D. after he finished; was surrounded near

8. Little ______ know about verbs, Franz ______his head.

A. did he; dared not lift

B. he; dare not lift

C. did he; dare not to lift

D. doesn’t; doesn’t dare lift

9. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it.

A. had he made B. he had made

C. did he make D. he makes

Key: 1－5 BACAC 6-9 ACAA

Step Ⅴ Homework

Preview the reading passage in Using Language.