重點短語：

1 turn sth inside out把…翻個里朝外 turn sth upside down把…翻個底朝天

2 be worth doing值得做（主動表被動）

be worthy of sth be worthy of being done be worthy to be done

eg,Your suggestion is worth considering.

eg,Your suggestion is worthy of consideration./is worthy to be considered./of being considered.

It’s worthwhile doing /to do做…是值得，有意義

eg,It’s worthwhile doing /to do voluntary work.

3 it/that depends.（口語）那得看情況

depend（rely,count,rest）on/upon sth 依賴，依靠

depend on/upon sb to do依靠，指望某人做 depend on it that…

eg,You may depend on it that he will join our club.=You may depend on him to join our club.

4 life on the go忙碌的生活 sb be on the go=sb be busy have a go=have a try

5 remind sb of/about sth提醒某人某事 remind sb to do提醒某人做 remind sb (that)…

6 make an appointment with sb同某人預(yù)約 keep an appointment守約

7 don't disturb .請勿打擾 disturb the peace擾亂治安

8 obey the rules 遵守規(guī)定 break the rules違反規(guī)定

9 agree to do/agree that…同意…

eg,We all agreed to start early=We all agreed that we should start early.

agree with sb/sb’opinion贊同某人（觀點）eg,agree with you=agree with what you said.

另有：（事物）與…相一致，符合;適合

eg,His story agrees with the facts. eg,Milk doesn’t agree with me.

agree to the plan/proposal/solution 贊同計劃、提議、方案…

agree on sth (多方)在…達成一致協(xié)eg,We agreed on a date for the wedding.我們商定了婚期。

10 stay/keep in touch(contact) with 與…保持聯(lián)系 get in touch/contact with與…取得聯(lián)系 lose touch/contact with失去聯(lián)系

11 call for help大聲呼救 call for需要；要求，呼吁

call on sb/at sp.探望某人、某地 call on sb to do 號召，要求某人做

eg,The UN has called on both sides to observe the ceasefire.聯(lián)合國已要求雙方遵守停火協(xié)議。

call sb up 給某人打電話call sth up 使回憶起 eg,The music calls up old times.

call sth off（=cancel）取消 call one’s name叫某人的名字 call sb names罵人

12 in case of an emergency在緊急情況下

in case of (介詞短語) 在（壞事）的情形下，倘若 eg,In case of fire,call 119.

in case（連詞）（置于句首）在…情況下，萬一

eg,In case anything important happens,please call me up.

(置于句末)以防，以免

eg,Take your unbrella in case it rains./it should rain.

in case （副詞）以防萬一，免得

eg,You had better carry some money in case.你最好帶些錢，以防萬一。

聯(lián)想：as is often the case(with…)同…情形一樣

in any case（副詞）無論如何，不管怎樣eg,In any case,stick to the end.

in no case（副詞）絕不，在任何情況下都不eg,In no case will you give up.

13 increase the sales增加銷量

14 be made of （通常看得出原材料） eg,a chair made of wood a house made of brick

be made from( 通常看不出原材料)

eg, These wines are made from grapes. / Butter is made from milk.

be made up of 由…組成

eg,Class 7 is made up of 50 students.=50 students make up class 7.

15 (sth) sell well/wash easily/cook slowly/write well….強調(diào)主語性質(zhì)特征（主動表被動）

16 add new functions to cellphones 給手機添加新功能

17 negative/side effects副作用

18 as much as 200 yuan/ as many as 200 books

19 the human resources department:Personnel人力資源部，人事部門

20 take over 接管，接手 對比： hand over移交，交出

eg,,Chinese government took over the sovereignty(主權(quán)) of HONGKONG in 1997.

eg,President Bush has to hand over the presidency to Barack Obama.

21 make/produce/generate electricity發(fā)電

22 break down人、機器壞（垮）掉；（談判，計劃）失敗；（化學）分解；復(fù)雜事情簡單化

eg,Your health will break down if you work too hard.

eg,The chemicals in our stomach help to break down the food.

break up（物理）分解，驅(qū)散；（婚姻，組織）破裂，解散

eg,Their marriage broke up. What broke up their friendship?

break in(vi.)闖入；打斷，插嘴eg,Sorry to break in on you,but your son is on the line.

break into(vt.)闖入；打斷；突然大哭，大笑，歡呼 break/burst into tears/laughter/cheers

eg,Sorry to break into your lunch hour,but I must speak to you urgently.

break away from 擺脫，脫離 break out爆發(fā) break through 突破

break off使中斷；折斷eg,break off diplomatic relations with France.

break with sb/sth與…決裂eg,break with tradition/the past

23 it’s time (for sb) to do/it’s time that sb did sth

24 fail to do未能做到 succeed in doing成功做到

25 come up with a peaceful solution想出和平的解決方案 put up with忍受，忍耐

keep up with跟上，不落后 catch up with趕上 be fed up with（口語） 厭煩，不滿

end up with以…結(jié)束

26 look up words in a dictionary查字典 consult/refer to a dictionary

重點句子：

1 Cellphones,make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.

2 Modern cellphones are more than just phones--they are being used as cameras and radios,and(they are being used) to send e-mail or surf the Internet.

3 Having a phone makes us feel safer,since we can call for help in case of an emergency.

4 The few surviving human beings are being used in the way that we use machines today.

Unit 10 The world around

重點短語：

1 cut down trees 砍倒 cut off electricity 切斷 cut up meat剁碎

cut out an ad.(out of the newspaper) 剪下，割cut(break) in(on one’s conversation)插嘴；超車

2 know of/hear of 聽說

3 be in/out of danger處在危險中，脫離危險 endangered animals瀕臨危險的動物

4 take turns doing/to do sth輪流，依次 it’s sb’s turn to do輪到某人做

in turn 反過來，依次；因此，因而

eg,Theory is based on practice,and in turn serves practice.

eg,Private cars are encouraged ,which in turn causes traffic jam.

5 in the wild 在野生狀態(tài)下 in the jungle在叢林中

6 an environmental expert環(huán)境專家

7 keep sb/sth from doing 阻止某人做，阻止某事發(fā)生

stop/prevent/ban/discourage/prohibit sb from doing

8 die out （生物）死絕；（風俗，習慣）滅跡

eg, Those species inadaptable to changing conditions may die out.

die down（火勢，聲音，興奮，暴風雨）減弱；平息

eg,Finally the breeze has begun to die down.微風最終漸漸停止。

eg,Don't worry, the gossip will soon die down.不用擔心，閑言碎語很快就會過去的。

die away(聲音，光線，風等)漸弱，漸息

eg,The noise of the crowd began to die away as the group started playing.

樂隊開始演奏，人們的喧鬧聲也隨之逐漸消失。

die off( 家族，種族)相繼死亡

eg,When birds began to die off, People began to criticize the use of chemical pesticides.

當鳥類開始相繼死去時，人們就開始對使用化學殺蟲劑提出批評。

die of hunger/an illness /old age（多指死于自身原因）

die from an accident/a wound /overwork(多指外部環(huán)境造成的死因)

但實際運用中，兩種可混用：die of/from a drink/wound/hunger/cold/heart disease.

die a peaceful/horrible death安詳?shù)厮廊ィ凰赖煤軕K die young/happy英年早逝,含笑九泉

be dying for sth/ be dying to do 渴望

9 be/get used to =be/get accustomed to習慣于

區(qū)別：(sth)be used to do某物被用來做eg,Wood can be used to make tables.

used to do過去常常

adapt(oneself)to =adjust(oneself)to 適應(yīng)

10 make a/no difference有(無)影響，（不）重要

11 make a list of 列清單

12 pick up rubbish撿起，拾起； pick up the phone拿起電話聽筒 pick sb up 開車接某人

things will pick up soon. 情況好轉(zhuǎn) pick up a book/information/a language （偶然）獲得，學得pick up programmes收聽（廣播）節(jié)目

對比：pick out 挑選出，辨別出

13 take measures/steps/action采取措施

14 devote oneself to sth/doing sth= apply oneself to sth/doing sth投身于，專心致力于

be buried in= be absorbed in = be lost in

15 at present目前 be present/absent出席，缺席

16 have sth in common 有共同之處 common sense 常識

common practice慣例 common(ordinary)people普通人 in common with=as with

17 the number of + n.(c)…的數(shù)量 a large number of + n.(c)許多

the amount of +n(u) a large amount of

18 set sb/sth free釋放

19 care about nature and the environment關(guān)注大自然和環(huán)境

20 throw away too much rubbish 扔掉throw away the best chance錯過最佳機會

throw up(food)嘔吐

21 instead of/rather than 而不是，取而代之

22 cause and effect 因果關(guān)系

23 lead to=contribute to=result in=give rise to導(dǎo)致，促成

lead sb to do=cause sb to do

更多含介詞to 的動詞短語：

stick to/turn to/object to /attend to/ see to /belong to/add to /adapt(adjust) to/attach..to/ owe..to..

look forward to/ look up to仰慕 /get used（accustomed）to/ be addicted to/devote(apply) oneself to/be admitted to /be married to/be sentenced to被判處/be exposed to（暴露于）/get engaged to/get down to著手干live up to不辜負 / be related to/ put an end to /set an example to/make contributions to/turn a blind eye to對…視而不見

turn a deaf ear to 對…充耳不聞…….

提示：做學習的有心人，自己平時多歸納總結(jié)。

重點句子：

1 We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us.（虛擬語氣）

=(if there were no plants or animals…)

Without air,water and sunlight there would be no living things.（虛擬語氣）

2 Many of the living things have already died out,and several other species are endangered.

2 We need to think about what we can do to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.

3 Even small things can make a big difference.

4 If we reuse sth,it will not end up as waste.