英語(yǔ)學(xué)科教學(xué)案

M3U1 The world of our senses

Grammar

課前導(dǎo)學(xué)：

預(yù)習(xí)：

1. 名詞性從句在句中的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，共有四種：______________, _____________, _____________, _______________。

2. 同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在某些抽象概念的名詞后面，用以說(shuō)明名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。常跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有：______________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

預(yù)習(xí)中的問(wèn)題

教學(xué)過(guò)程：

一．名詞性從句的構(gòu)成：在句子中起名詞作用的從句稱為名詞性從句：它包括主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句，由連詞that,if/whether和各種特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。

注意：這類從句主謂語(yǔ)必須用陳述語(yǔ)序。

二．名詞性從句用法

1.主語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句。

(1)由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句（that不可以省略）

That the doorman remembered their names surprised them a lot.

有人還記得他們的名字使他們感到很驚訝。

(2)由whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句（不可用if代替）

Whether it will clear up tomorrow is not yet known.明天天氣是否會(huì)放晴尚不清楚。

(3)由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句

How much time students spend on their homework often concerns teachers.

教師們經(jīng)常關(guān)心學(xué)生花多少時(shí)間完成作業(yè)。

(4)it作形式主語(yǔ)（that不可以省略）

_________________________ the football team was warmly received by the Queen at the Buckingham Palace. 據(jù)報(bào)道，足球隊(duì)在白金漢宮受到了女王的親切接見(jiàn)。

2.賓語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞之后。

(1)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)

a.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（that在非正式語(yǔ)體中通常可以省略）

Later on I realized (that) I was wrong.

b.由whether/if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

I wonder whether/if you can change this 50-yuan note for me.

c.由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句

She didn’t know where she could find the Students’ Union.

(2)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)

We talked excitedly about whether we would spend our two-day holiday on the beach or in the swimming pool.

注意：介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用whether引導(dǎo)，而不用if。

(3)it作形式賓語(yǔ)

I find it interesting that traffic always keeps to the left in Britain.

使用賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要注意：

(1)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)：當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式。

(2)注意否定前移：當(dāng)主句是 I/We think（或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess）

其后的賓語(yǔ)從句如果是否定的，常常把否定詞not 從從句移到主句。

3.表語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的從句，放在系動(dòng)詞之后

(1)由that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句（that在非正式語(yǔ)體中通常可以省略）

The fact is (that) we don’t have enough experience for the work.

(2)由whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句(不可用if代替)

The question is whether I should e-mail him about the news now.

(3)由特殊疑問(wèn)句引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句

The problem we are facing now is how we can collect so much money for the blind.

4.同位語(yǔ)從句：在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語(yǔ)的從句，它對(duì)名詞起進(jìn)一步解釋的作用，說(shuō)明名詞所包含的具體內(nèi)容,that不可省略.

Before leaving, the Green family expressed the hope that they would come to China again.

同位語(yǔ)從句一般跟在某些抽象概念的名詞后面，用以說(shuō)明名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容。常跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有：idea, news, fact, promise, answer, belief, doubt, hope, problem, proof, question, suggestion, thought, truth, possibility等。

三、名詞性從句中連接詞用法的注意事項(xiàng)

1.that:非正式文體中，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that常可以省去。但若賓語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)并列句組成時(shí)，that不省略，并且每個(gè)并列句前都需要有that引導(dǎo)。

He said ________ he was running a fever and _______ he couldn’t come to school.

2.whether/if：在下列情況下，只能用whether而不用if:

(1)與or not連用時(shí)用whether 沒(méi)人知道商店是否要關(guān)閉。___________________________

(2)介詞或discuss后的賓語(yǔ)從句用whether，不用if

(3)表語(yǔ)從句用whether不用if，意為“是否” The question is whether we can get there.

(4)同位語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否”講用whether而不用if

There is some doubt ________ he is the best man for the job.

四、關(guān)于名詞性從句的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明

1.if在賓語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句中的區(qū)別：賓語(yǔ)從句中，if和whether的意思基本一樣，都表示“是否”，且從句中可用各種時(shí)態(tài)（包括將來(lái)時(shí)）；在狀語(yǔ)從句中，if的意思是“假如”，表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

Please let me know if/whether you’ll join us tonight. ____________從句

If you plan to join us tonight,please let me know.______________ 從句

2.定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別：定語(yǔ)從句中的that既指代先行詞，又在從句中作某個(gè)成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)），作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略；而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that只起連接詞的作用，不在名詞從句中充當(dāng)任何成分，且不可省略。

The news (that/which) he told us was exciting. 定語(yǔ)從句

that/which在句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ)成分，指代先行詞news，可省略。

The news that our volleyball team won was exciting. 同位語(yǔ)從句

從句說(shuō)明news的內(nèi)容，用that連接且不可省略。

3.表語(yǔ)從句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)

(1) The reason (why)… is that意為“發(fā)生某種情況的原因是……”

The reason __________ I’m late is that I had a flat tyre.

注意：句中引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞應(yīng)該用that而不用because。

(2)That is where/when/how/why…表示“這就是……的地方/時(shí)間/方式/原因。”

I had a flat tyre. That’s____________ I was late for the meeting today.

反饋矯正：

判斷下面各句中含有什么從句，并劃線。

1.What you said just now has nothing to do with the matter we are discussing.

2.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.

3.It’s no use arguing with him.

4.The news that arrived made them very excited.

5.The news that he arrived made them very excited.

6.She looked as if she was going to cry.

7.I don’t believe they will win the game.

8.Father made a promise that he would buy me a computer.

9.Father promised that he would buy me a computer.

10.That’s why he was late.

遷移創(chuàng)新：

1.The foreign minister said,“ _________ our hope that the two sides will walk towards peace.”

A.This is B.There is C.It is D.That is

2._____________________that the weather was to be very hot this Sunday.

A.It was said in the newspaper B.As was reported on the radio

C.What the weather report said D.It was said in the newspaper was

3.Nancy told me______ she wanted to have an e-pal to chat with online.

A.if B.that C.whether D.what

4.---I doubt ___ I’ll be chosen for the team.---- The chance is one tenth____ you will be chosen.

A.that;that B.if; that C.if ; whether D.whether;whether

5.The reason ______ my absence was _______ I was ill.

A.for; that B.why;that C.for ; because D.why; because

6. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.

A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it

7. “Is ______ you want to say？” asked the teacher.

A. this B. that C. all that D. that all

8. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.

A. that what B. what that C. that that D. what what

9.-What do you think of China?---____ different it is today from ___it used to be !

A.How; what B.What; that C.What; what D.How; that

10. “How was _____ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace？” “Totally by chance.”

A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which

一、預(yù)習(xí)

1.主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句，表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

2. idea, news, fact, promise, answer, belief, doubt, hope, problem, proof, question, suggestion, thought, truth, possibility

教學(xué)過(guò)程

It was reported that the football team was warmly received by the Queen at the Buckingham Palace.

He said _____that___ he was running a fever and ___that____ he couldn’t come to school.

No one knows whether or not the shop will be closed.

There is some doubt _whether_______ he is the best man for the job.

Please let me know if/whether you’ll join us tonight. ____賓語(yǔ)________從句

If you plan to join us tonight,please let me know._____狀語(yǔ)_________ 從句

The reason _____why_____ I’m late is that I had a flat tyre.

I had a flat tyre. That’s_______why_____ I was late for the meeting today.

反饋矯正：

判斷下面各句中含有什么從句，并劃線。

1.What you said just now has nothing to do with the matter we are discussing.主語(yǔ)從句

2.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.同位語(yǔ)從句

3.It’s no use arguing with him. It 形式主語(yǔ)

4.The news that arrived made them very excited. 定語(yǔ)從句

5.The news that he arrived made them very excited. 同位語(yǔ)從句

6.She looked as if she was going to cry.表語(yǔ)從句

7.I don’t believe they will win the game. 賓語(yǔ)從句

8.Father made a promise that he would buy me a computer. 同位語(yǔ)從句

9.Father promised that he would buy me a computer. 賓語(yǔ)從句

10.That’s why he was late. 表語(yǔ)從句

遷移創(chuàng)新：

1-5 CABBA

6-10 CDDAA