（人教必修一）
Unit 1 Friendship
單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）
詞匯
部分 詞語
辨析 1. ignore / neglect / overlook
2. cheat / fool
3. calm / quiet / silent / still
4. join / join in / take part in / attend
詞形
變化 1. ignore vt. 忽視 ignorance n. 無知 ignorant adj.無知的
2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚 dusky adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的
3. add v. 添加; 增加 addition n. 加, 附加 additional adj. 添加的;附加的
重點
單詞 1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset)
2. concern v. 擔憂; 涉及; 關系到 n. 擔心，關注；（利害）關系
3. settle vt. 安家； 定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解決
4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經歷
5. disagree vt. 不同意
重點
詞組 1. add up合計
2. go through 經歷；經受
3. on purpose 故意
4. get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進展
5. in order to 為了……
重點句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.
2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do …
3. … it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
重點語法 直接引語和間接引語 （見語法部分）
語言要點(模塊)
Ⅰ.詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. ignore / neglect / overlook
【解釋】
ignore 通常指有意不顧，或不理會顯而易見的事物。
neglect 側重指有意的忽略或忽視，也可指粗心與疏忽。
overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見。
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
○1We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence.
2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident.
3). Don’t ________ paying him a visit now and then.
答案: 1). overlooked 2). ignored 3). neglect
2. cheat / fool
【解釋】
cheat 主要指盈利的買賣中或游戲競賽中欺騙人，騙取人的錢等。
fool “愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常識，心理脆弱來欺騙人。
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). You may get _________ in that shop.
2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.
答案: 1). cheated 2). fool
3. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解釋】
calm 天氣、水、水面（表風平浪靜）；（指人時）表示鎮定自如。
quiet 表“寧靜”、“安靜”、“寂靜”，側重沒有響聲，沒有噪音和沒有動靜。指人時側重性格溫和，文靜。
silent 表“沉默”、“不發言”、“不說話”，常常表示人不愛說話，沉默無語。
still “不動的”，指人時側重一動不動，；指物時指完全沒有聲音，突出靜止不動。
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
2). Why do you keep __________?
3). Everything was ___________.
4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.
答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm
4. join / join in / take part in / attend
【解釋】
join 表示參加組織、黨派、團體、軍隊、俱樂部等
join in 表示參加游戲、活動等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事
take part in表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰斗、斗爭、運動、慶祝等
attend 主要指出席、參加會議、婚禮；聽講座、課、報告、音樂會等；上學、教堂
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Can I ___________ the game?
2). Did you ____________ the fighting?
3). He __________ the army last year.
4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.
答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4）attended
Ⅱ.詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）
1. ignore vt. 忽視 ignorance n. 無知 ignorant adj.無知的
2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚 dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的
3. add v. 添加; 增加 addition n. 加, 附加 additional adj. 添加的;附加的
【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空
1) I can't __________ his rudeness any longer. (ignore)
2) To say you were ________ of the rules is no excuse. ( ignore)
3） We are in complete ___________ of your plans. (ignore)
4） There is ____________ light inside the cave. (dusk)
5） The street lights come on at ____________ and go off at dawn. (dusk )
6） Many words have been ____________ to this edition of the dictionary. (add)
7) They've just had an ____________ to the family. (add)
8) There are _____________ charges. (add)
答案: 1) ignore 2)ignorant 3) ignorance 4) dusky
5) dusk 6) added 7) addition 8) additional
Ⅲ.重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset)
[典例]
1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一來把我們周末的安排給打亂了。
2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要難過--并沒有造成傷害。
3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他為她的病而憂心忡忡。
4). The students really upset her. 學生們著實讓她煩惱。
[重點用法]
be upset by… 被…… 打亂
upset oneself about sth 為某事煩惱
[練習] 用upset的適當形式填空
1). Is it ______ you, dear?
2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.
3). Is it an ______ message?
4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.
答案: 1). upsetting 2). upset 3). upsetting 4).upset
2. concern v. 擔憂; 涉及; 關系到 n. 擔心，關注；（利害）關系
[典例]
1). The news concerns your brother. 這消息與你兄弟有關。
2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康狀況不佳,使他的父母親憂慮。
3). That's no concern of mine. 那不關我的事。
[重點用法]
as / so far as … be concerned 關于；至于；就……而言
be concerned about 關心
be concerned at / over sth. 為某事憂慮
be concerned in sth. 牽涉到，與……有關，參與
[練習] 用concern的適當形式填空
1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices.
2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health.
3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.
答案: 1). concerns 2). concerned 3). concern … with
3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留
vt. 使定居，安家；解決
[典例]
1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安頓在車廂的一個角落里。
2). The family has settled in Canada. 這家人已定居加拿大。
3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 雙方都愿意捐棄前嫌。
[重點用法]
settle down 鎮定下來 settle in 在…定居
[練習] 中譯英
1). 都十一點了，她安不下心來工作。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 題目這么難，誰能解決？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). It’s eleven o’clock now, but she cannot settle to work.
2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem?
4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經歷
[典例]
1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常頭痛嗎?
2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘癥。
[重點用法]
suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不適﹑ 悲傷等; 受苦; 吃苦頭:
[練習] 中譯英
1).我們在金融危機中損失慘重。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2).他的腳痛得不得了。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
2). He suffers terribly with his feet.
5. disagree vt. 不同意
[典例]
1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有時意見不一。
2). We disagreed on future plans. 我們對未來的計劃產生了分歧。
[重點用法]
disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的觀點[某人的話/某人的決定]
[練習] 中譯英
1). 羅馬的報道與米蘭的不符。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他不同意讓我早些回家。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Key: 1). The reports from Rome disagree with those from Milan.
2). He disagreed to let me go home early.
Ⅳ.重點詞組 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. add up 加起來
[典例]
1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.
把你的得分加起來，看看你能得幾分。
2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to?
湯姆，10，20和5加起來是多少？
[短語歸納]
add (…) to …. （把什么）加入…中
add up to … 加起來是
[練習] 用add的適當形式或構成的詞組填空
1). Will you _____ some more students to this project?
2). Small numbers _____ a large one.
3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100.
答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added
2. go through 經歷；經受
[典例]
1). The country has gone through too many wars. 這個國家經歷了太多的戰爭。
2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近經歷了一段困難時期。
[短語歸納]
go after追求，追趕 go ahead前進；請說（做）吧
go by走過，（時間）過去 go along with向前，（與……）一起去
go in for愛好，從事 go out外出；（燈，火）熄滅
go over越過；復習 go up爬上，（價格等）上升
[練習] 用go 構成的詞組填空
1). It is wise not to ____ with this plan.
2). Prices ______ a little now. People are happy.
3). Anyway, don’t always_______ at night by yourself.
4). I am tired. I want to _____ now.
答案: 1). go on with 2). go up 3). go home 4). go to bed
3.on purpose 故意，有目的地
[典例]
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.
那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想嚇一下杰克。
[短語歸納]
do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企圖、有目的地
[練習]用 purpose的相關詞匯填空
1). He didn’t do it ______.
2). What was your ____ ?
答案: 1). on purpose 2). purpose
4. get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進展
[典例]
1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是個隨和的人，很難相處。
2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作進展如何？
[短語歸納]
get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 與……相處得好/不好，……進展順利/不順利
get away離開，逃離 get down下來；寫下，取下
get down to (doing)開始認真干…… get over克服，擺脫
get through通過，做完 get together聚集
[練習] 中譯英
1). 你現在和同事相處得好不好?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 她已重新獲得從前那份工作。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues?
2). She's got her old job back.
6. in order to… 為了……（可置于句首或句中）
[典例]
1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 圖的是得個好座位。
2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建議是為了不讓她傷心。
[短語歸納]
in order that… 以便……（后跟句子） so that…以便……（后跟句子）
so as to為了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首）
[練習] 中譯英
1． 他早早動身好按時到達。
2． 她拼命干以便能到6點時把一切都準備好。
答案: 1．He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time.
2. In order to get everything ready by 6 o'clock, she worked hard.
Ⅴ.重點句子 （旨在提供句子結構等所需材料）
1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.
媽媽問她穿那么多衣服是不是很熱。
[解釋] with復合結構：
with + 賓語+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases
由“介詞with+賓語+賓語補足語” 構成的復合結構在句中通常作為狀語，表示背景情況，為方式，原因或條件等，另外，該結構也可以作為定語使用。下面簡述幾種情況：
1) 如果在該結構中的分詞表示的動作是由前面的名詞或代詞發出的，構成主謂關系，該分詞用現在分詞形式。
2) 如果分詞表示的動作與前面的名詞或代詞構成動賓關系，該分詞用過去分詞形式。
3) 賓語補足語也可以使用介詞短語，形容詞或副詞來充當。
[典例]
1.with + 賓語 + 副詞，如：
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on).
With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty.
2.with + 賓語 + 介詞短語，如：
The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand).
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes).
3.with + 賓語 + 現在分詞，如：
With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside)，she felt a bit uneasy.
4.with + 賓語 + 過去分詞，如：
With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved.
With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger.
5.with + 賓語 + 不定式，如：
With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey.
With Mr Smith to teach them English next term（= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
[練習] 中譯英：
1. 那房子昨晚發生火災，結果里面的東西都燒光了。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 下學期史密斯先生教他們英語，他們的口語會大有提高。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 隨著冬天的到來，天氣越來越冷。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1. The house caught a big fire last night , with nothing left in it.
2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
3. With winter corning, the weather is becoming colder and colder.
2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多數人那樣在日記中記流水帳……
[解釋] as引導的從句為比較狀語從句，意為“像大多數人那么做”。
as 用作連詞，可引導下列狀語從句：
1). 引導狀語從句，強調主句謂語動詞與從句謂語的同時性
As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.
隨著他年紀越來越大，他失去了對所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。
2). 引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然，即使”（從句需倒裝）
Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 盡管天氣冷，我哥只穿了一件襯衫。
3). 引導方式狀語從句，表示“以……方式”。
Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to? 為什么你沒有按我說的服這藥？
4). 引導原因狀語從句 (=since; because)，“由于，因為”。
As you were not there, I left a message. 因為當時你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。
5) 引導比較狀語從句。
She is as tall as you. 她和你一樣高。
[練習] 中譯英
1. 隨著年齡的增長我越來越對科學感興趣。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 由于雨下得很大，你最好穿上雨衣。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 他學習很努力，但考試還是沒及格。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案： 1. As l get older l get more interested in science．
2. As it is raining hard，you'd better put on your raincoat．
3. Hard as he worked，he failed in the exam．
3. It is/was the…time that… ……第幾次……
[解釋] that從句中的謂語動詞一般用完成時態。
1). It is the first time that he has heard this song.
[練習] 中譯英
1. 這是他第二次來中國。
2．這是我第一次舉辦畫展。
----------------------------------------------
答案： 1. It is the second time that he has come to China.
2. It was the first time that I had held an art exhibition.
課文要點(模塊)
Ⅰ.課文詞匯等填空（旨在復習本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）
根據課文內容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：
Anne Frank is a 1 （猶太的）girl who lived in Netherlands during the World War II. Her family had to 2 or they would be caught by the 3 （德國的)Nazis. During the time in the 4 （隱匿的）place, Anne set down a 5 （系列）of facts in a diary . Anne made her diary her best friend 6 she could tell everything to and in the diary she showed us 7 she 8 （經歷）during the war.
答案：1. Jewish 2. hide 3. German 4. hiding 5. series 6. whom 7. what 8. went through/ experienced
Ⅱ.課文大意概括 （旨在訓練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）
閱讀課文，試著用30來個單詞概括課文大意或翻譯下面短文。
安妮，一個整日躲在家中的猶太女孩，在二戰期間堅持寫日記。她把日記作為最好的朋友；在日記中她實現了過上正常的生活的渴望。
The story is about Anne_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
答案： Anne , a Jewish girl hiding at home all day round, kept a diary during the World War II . She regarded the diary as her best friend, and in it she revealed her desire for a normal life.
Ⅲ.課文佳句背誦與仿寫 （旨在培養對難句的理解和寫作能力）
1.【原句】I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事情都無比狂熱。
[模仿要點] 句子結構： wonder ＋if 表語從句 ＋ so …that從句
【模仿1】我不知道是否因為我的鹵莽使得史密夫先生對我這么生氣。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：I wondered if it was because I was so rude that Mr Smith was so angry with me.
【模仿2】他在想是否因為她的朋友對她很關心所以她的心情才平復下來。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：He wonders whether it is because her friends are so concerned about her that she has calmed herself down.
2．【原句】I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定語從句) 我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍的天空，鳥兒的歌唱，月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。
[模仿要點] 句子結構： It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when…This/That is/was a time when…
【模仿1】我還記得這對他來說是一個艱難的時期，他遭受到了身心的打擊。
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答案：I can well remember it was a hard time when he suffered a lot physically and mentally.
【模仿2】在中國歷史上,曾經有過一段時期中國鼓勵與世界其他國家進行貿易。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：In Chinese history, there was a time when China encouraged trade with the rest of the world.
3. 【原句】It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。
[模仿要點] 句子結構： It is/was the first (second…) time that sb + 現在完成時/過去完成時：這是某人第幾次做某事
【模仿1】這是我們第一次面對面地談論到這件事情。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It is the first time that we have talked about this issue face to face.
【模仿2】這是他第二次參與怎樣解決這個問題的討論。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案：It was the second time that he had joined in the discussion about how to do with the problem.
單元自測 （模塊）
1完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1-10各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
字數：215 完成時間：15分鐘 難度：***
The recent milk crisis around the country has seen liquid milk sold by three leading companies contaminated (污染) with melamine (三聚氰胺).
Melamine is a chemical that is usually used to make plastics, but is 1 in the food industry. It was put in the milk to make milk appear rich in protein in 2 tests.
Tests of last Thursday showed that products from 22 of the 109 milk food firms have 3 the quality tests of the General administration of Quality supervision, Inspection and Quarantine ( 國家質檢總局). 24 of the 1,202 batches批次 of liquid milk were contaminated. Besides Hebeibased Sanlu Group, the firms whose products are contaminated include such 4 giants as the Yili and Mengniu groups. All the bad milk will be 5 and destroyed.
However, scientists were quoted as saying the contamination level in liquid milk did not pose a big threat to people's 6 . Even milk with the highest concentration of melamine is 7 for a 60-kilogram or heavier adult if he or she drinks up to 2 liters a day.
The administration has ordered a thorough investigation into all the firms with 8 and said quality control officers would be sent to all 1,500 dairy farms in the country to carry out 9 .
So next time you buy milk, take a look at its 10 name.
1. A. banned B. encouraged C. added D. admitted
2. A. quantity B. quality C. blood D. industry
3. A. passed B. refused C. stood D. failed
4. A. sports B. jewellery C. dairy D. medicine
5. A. recalled B. transformed C. reevaluated D. replaced
6. A. sight B. brain C. health D. intelligence
7. A. helpful B. harmful C. safe D. normal
8. A. crimes B. conclusions C. possibilities D. problems
9. A. plans B. inspections C. promises D. orders
10. A. brand B. pattern C. label D. edition
答案
1. A 據下文“被三聚氰胺污染的牛奶在質量檢查中是不合格的”可知三聚氰胺是禁止在食物中使用的。
2. B 顯然這里是指質量檢查。
3. D 據上下文及意境可知，這些奶制品在未能通過質檢。
4. C 伊利、蒙牛公司是制奶業界的巨頭。
5. A 所有問題牛奶將被回收（recall）和銷毀。
6. C 這里是整體而言，對人們的健康不會構成威脅，而不是對人體的某個部位。
7. C 既然對人們的健康不會構成威脅，那就是安全了。
8. D 要檢查的當然是有問題的牛奶了。
9. B 派出官員對牛奶場進行檢查(inspections)。
10. A 下次買牛奶時,記得看一下所購買的品牌(brand)。
2. 語法填空
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為1-10的相應位置上。
詞數：165 完成時間：9分鐘 難度：**
Liu Xiang was the first Asian 1 (win) the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympics in Athens. 2 that he became an idol to the young people.
“I never thought I would run under 13 seconds and break the Olympic 3 .” said Liu Xiang in tears, “I am very excited. I’m proud not just for myself and for Chinese 4 for Asia. My race went 5 (wonderful) from start to finish.” Liu added. “It is 6 amazing experience being the Olympic champion. I want to thank my coach and my friends for 7 their help. I think today we Chinese have showed the world we 8 run as fast as anybody else.”
Since his return from Athens, Liu Xiang 9 (be) at the center of a media circus and he has been to many press appearances and meetings. But Liu thinks 2004 is just the beginning, and he expects to be at his peak in the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Liu said, “For some players, it’s just a job. For me, it’s 10 I love.”
[答案]
本文主要介紹了著名運動員劉翔因奪得110米跨欄冠軍而聞名于世。
1. to win 不定式做后置定語。
2. After 劉翔奪得110米跨欄冠軍之后，成了年輕人的偶像。
3. record 他打破了記錄。
4. but 固定結構。
5. wonderfully 修飾動詞應用副詞。
6. an 用于元音前。
7. all 他想感激他的教練和朋友們對他的幫助。
8. can 根據句意得知。
9. has been 從句中有since，主語往往用完成時態。
10. what 表語從句的引導詞，作love的賓語。
3. 閱讀理解
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
詞數：287 完成時間：7分鐘 難度：***
Americans are pound of their variety- and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity (身份) than to step out of uniform ?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax- deductible ( 可減稅的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.
1. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ___________.
A. still judge a man by his clothes
B. hold the uniform in such high regard
C. enjoy having a professional identity
D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
2. People are accustomed to thinking that a man in uniform ____________.
A. suggests quality work
B. discards his social identity
C. appears to be more practical
D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes
3. The chief function of a uniform is to ___________.
A. provide practical benefits to the wearer
B. make the wearer catch the public eye
C. inspire the wearer's confidence in himself
D. provide the wearer with a professional identity
4. According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _____________.
A. are usually helpful
B. have little or no individual freedom
C. tend to lose their individuality
D. enjoy greater popularity
5. The best title for this passage would be ____________.
A. Uniforms and Society
B. The Importance of Wearing a Uniform
C. Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms
答案：
文章第一段提出制服在美國受歡迎的現象，第二段說了一個主要論點--制服的好處，第三段說的是實際 好處，第四段說的是反對的論點--制服的缺點，第五段說的是實際問題：
1．答案是B．第一段第一句yet轉折后面就是答案：Hold．．．in regard和respect是同義轉換：
2．答案是久答案對應在第二段，People ．．．expect superior quality．．.。認為穿制服的水平更高。D錯在混淆了superior的目標，不是人，而是quality，所以不對：
3．答案是D．在第二段最后，提到制服的主要功能是什么：A是實際的好處，而不是主要功能。
4．答案是C，在第四段。制服的一個主要缺點。
5．答案是n文章的主題是討論了制服的優缺點。
4. 基礎寫作
你是李萍，請根據下列表格的提示，你用英語寫一篇短文，介紹我國2008北京奧運冠軍張怡寧的基本情況。
[寫作內容]
姓 名 張怡寧 出生年月 1982年10月5日 出生地 北京
經 歷 身高 1.68米 體 重 52kg
1. 6歲開始學習乒乓球。
2. 1999年的45屆世乒賽顯示非凡的實力，僅負于王楠，獲得了亞軍。
3. 2004的雅典奧運會上奪取了金牌，并在浙江蕭山召開的國際世乒賽上又戰勝了王楠，成為乒乓球領域的頂尖高手。
4. 2008屆北京奧運會的金牌得主。
[寫作要求]
1．只能使用5個句子表達全部內容；
2．文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱。 ．
[評分標準]
句子結構準確，信息內容完整，篇章結構連貫。
[寫作向導]
1．時態：張怡寧過去參加比賽的經歷應該用一般過去時，對她現在的評論應用一般現在時。
2．可用詞匯與句型：the 2004 Athens O1ympic Games 2004雅典奧運會，the 45th Table Tennis World Championships 45屆世乒賽，the gold medal金牌。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
I like to introduce a woman Pingpong player to you. Her name is Zhang Yining, who was born in Beijing and is 1.68 meters tall and weighs 52 kilos, and she began to play table tennis at the age of six. In 1999, she won the second at the 45 th Table Tennis World Championships, only lost to Wang Nan While in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, she won the first. Moreover she won the women's singles at the ITTF World Cup in Xiaoshan, Jiejiang, where she beat Wang Nan. In fact, she has already become the top of the table tennis field. In the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, she beat Wang Nan again and got the gold medal.
Unit 2 English around the world
一、語言要點
單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）
詞匯
部分 詞語
辨析 1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour
2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular
3. especially/ specially
4. a number of / the number of
詞形
變化 1. actual adj. 實際的 actually adv. 實際上；事實上
2. base n. 基地；基礎 base v. 以……為根據 basic adj. 基本的
3. east n. 東方 eastern adj. 東方的；東部的
重點
單詞 1. present n. 禮物adj. 在場的；目前的vt. 贈送
2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握
3. request n.& v. 請求；要求
4. recognize vt. 辨認出；承認；公認
5. straight adj.筆直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直
6. block vt. 堵塞；阻礙n. 街區；木塊；石塊
重點
詞組 1. come up走近；上來；提出
2. make use of 利用；使用
3. such as例如；像這種的
4. play a part (in) 扮演一個角色；參與
5. because of 因為；由于
重點句子 1. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English?
2. 狀語從句中的省略
重點語法 直接引語和間接引語 （見語法部分）
I詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour
【解釋】
voyage: 去國外或較遠地方的海上旅行
journey: 指較遠的從一地到另一地旅行
travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念
trip: (短途)旅行
tour: 為了公務、娛樂或教育參觀多處名勝的旅行
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). It is tiring to take a long _______ by train from Paris to Moscow.
2). The _________ from England to Australia used to take several months.
3). We’ll have time for a ______ to France next weekend.
4). We went on a guided ______ round the castle.
答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). tour
2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular
【解釋】
frequent經常的，時間或間歇很短的發生或出現
common 通常的、常發生的、廣泛使用或眾所周知的
ordinary指種類普通且不能從其他中加以區別的，有時含貶義
general一般性的，到處的；不限于領域、地區或應用
regular平常的；慣例的；習慣性的、通常的或正常的
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). This is a ___________ problem.
2). He often makes ___________ errors of judgment.
3)．Look at the train’s ___________ schedule.
4)．The violinist gave a very ___________ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.
5)．As a ____________ rule I am home by six.
答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). general
3. especially/ specially
【解釋】
especially意思是“尤其，特別”，表達事物的不尋常或特別重要
specially 指為了某一目的，專門做某事
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Our city is very beautiful, ___________ in spring. 我們城市很美麗，尤其在春天。
2). He came here ___________ to ask you for help. 他是專程來這里向你求助的。
答案: 1). especially 2). specially
4 a number of / the number of
【解釋】
a number of意思是“若干；許多”
the number of意思是“……的數目”
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Today ___________ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.
2). ____________ books in the market are in English.
答案: 1). the number of 2). A number of
II詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）
1. actual adj. 實際的 actually adv. 實際上；事實上
2. base n. 基地；基礎 base v. 以……為根據 basic adj. 基本的
3. east n. 東方 eastern adj. 東方的；東部的
【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空
1) What did he _________ say? (actual)
2) The __________ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)
3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _________. (base)
4）She used her family's history as a _________ for her novel. (base)
5）This novel is ________ on historical facts. (base)
6）He is interested in ________ customs. (determine)
7) The wind is blowing from the __________. (determine)
答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base
5) based 6) eastern 7) east
Ⅲ 重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. present n. 禮物adj. 在場的；目前的vt. 贈送
[典例]
1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.這輛山地自行車是父母給我的生日禮物。
2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present. 恐怕現在我沒法幫助你。
3). Were you present when the decision was announced? 宣布那項決定時你在場嗎？
4). In the present case, I advise you to wait. 按照目前的情況，我建議你等等。
5). May I present my new assistant to you? 請允許我向你介紹我的新助手。
[重點用法]
make sb. a present of sth.將某物贈送給某人
at present/ at the present time目前
be present at出席
present-day attitudes/fashion現在的態度/流行款式
present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送給某人
[練習] 中譯英
1). 所有（那些）在場者一眼就看出那個錯誤。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 這本書是哥哥贈送給我的。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present.
2). This book was a present from my brother.
2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握
[典例]
1). The officer commanded his soldiers to fire. 那名軍官命令士兵們開火。
[重點用法]
command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事
be under the command of 由…指揮,由…控制
be in command of 控制…
be at one’s command 聽任某人支配
have / take command of… 指揮…
[特別提醒]
command后接that從句時要用虛擬語氣
[練習] 用適當的介詞填空
1). For the first time in years, she felt ______ command of her life.
2). The army is __________ the king’s direct command.
3). The police arrived and took command ________ the situation.
答案: 1). in 2). under 3). of
3. request n.& v. 請求；要求
[典例]
1). Your requests will be granted. 你的請求能夠獲準。.
2). I requested him to help. 我請求他幫忙。
[重點用法]
at sb's request/at the request of sb應某人之請求
by request (of sb) 應（某人的）請求; 經（某人之）要求:
on request 一經要求:
request sth (from/of sb)要求, （尤指）請求某人做某事:
[練習] 中譯英。
1). 我是（特別）應你要求而來。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 請不要吸煙。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). I came at your (special) request.
2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.
4. recognize vt. 辨認出；承認；公認
[典例]
1). I recognized her by her red hat. 我根據她的紅色帽子認出了她。
2). Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大家都承認他為合法繼承人。
[重點用法]
recognize…by sth 認出或識別某人/某事物
recognize…as sth 承認某人/某事物是
recognize…to be承認…是
[練習] 中譯英
1). 人們都承認他是他們理所當然的領袖。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我認出他是我朋友的哥哥。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.
2). I recognized him as my friend’s brother.
5. straight adj.筆直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直
[典例]
1). This is a straight road. 這是一條直路。
2). She went straight from school to university. 她中學一畢業就馬上進了大學。
[練習] 中譯英
1).我的領帶系得正不正?
2). 一直往前看。
答案: 1). Is my tie straight?
2). Look straight ahead.
6. block vt. 堵塞；阻礙n. 街區；木塊；石塊
[典例]
1). He lives three blocks away from here. 他住的地方與此處相隔三條街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits. 人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重點用法]
a block of 一大塊
block out 堵住
block off 封鎖；封閉
block up 堵塞；阻礙
[練習] 中譯英
1). 他們在繞樓群散步。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往蘇格蘭的道路。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
Ⅳ重點詞組 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. come up走近；上來；提出
[典例]
1). The little by came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去，并告訴他去警察局的路。
2). We won’t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.
我們不會忘記那天我們一塊在泰山頂看日出。
3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
這個問題在會議上一定會被提出來的。
4). The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪蓮花剛剛開始長出地面。
5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕發生了什么急事。
[短語歸納]
come across邂逅 come about發生
come at向…撲來,攻擊 come from 來自
come out 出版;開花；結果是 come up with想出
come round 繞道而來 come down落下,塌下
[練習] 用come構成的詞組填空。
1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a month.
3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.
4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.
5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.
答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across
2. make use of 利用；使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你應該好好利用機會練習英語。
[短語歸納]
make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
[練習]
1). 要充分利用一切機會說英語。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我們要很好地發揮她的才能。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
3. such as例如；像這種的
[典例]
1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
有些詩人, 如濟慈和雪萊, 寫的是浪漫主義的詩歌
2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
蘭花和報春花之類的野花越來越少了
[練習] 用such as或for example填空
1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.
2). The report is incomplete; it doesn’t include sales in France, ________.
答案: 1) such as 2). For example
4. play a part (in) 扮演一個角色；參與
[典例]
1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她積極參與地方政治活動。
2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她對該計劃的成功起了重要作用。
[短語歸納]
take part (in sth)參加, 參與（某事物
the best part of sth（某事物的）絕大部分（尤指一段時間）:
for the most part 整體上; 通常; 多半
for my part就我來說
[練習] 中譯英
1). 有多少國家要參加（世界杯賽）？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 對我來說, 到哪兒吃飯都無所謂。
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答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?
2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.
6. because of 因為；由于
[典例]
1). They are here because of us. 他們是因為我們來這里的。
[短語歸納]
because of 是復合介詞。
because 是從屬連詞，引導原因狀語從句。
[練習] 中譯英
1). 因為腿受傷了，他走得很慢。
2). 因為錯過了公共汽車，我們只好步行回家。
------------------------------------------------
答案:1). He walked slowly because of his injured leg. / He walked slowly because his leg was injured.
2). We had to walk home because of missing the bus. / We had to walk because we missed the bus.
V重點句子 （旨在提供句子結構等所需材料）
1. Which country do you think has the most English learners?
[解釋]do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose 作為插入語,放在特殊疑問詞后，其它內容緊跟其后并用陳述語序。
What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？你希望我們幾點來接你？
What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？
你認為他聽到那個好消息后會做什么呢？
Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你認為他們隊為什么能贏得那場足球賽呢？
2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.
[解釋] than ever before 常與比較級連用，意為“比以往任何時候更”。如：
The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 繁星點綴在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。
[練習] 中譯英
1). 簡看起來比以前漂亮多了。
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2). 雨下得比以前更大。
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答案: 1). Jane looks much prettier than ever before.
2). It's raining harder than ever before.
課文要點（模塊）
1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復習本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）
根據課文內容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：
At the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from England. They were native speakers. Today, the largest number of people 1 (speak) English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English 2 their foreign language.
3 English language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sound more 4 less like German for it was 5 on German, but modern English sounds more like French than German 6 England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects on the English changes. One was Shakespeare, who 7 (large) the English 8 (詞匯) ; the other was Noah Webster, 9 wrote a dictionary 10 gave American English its own identity.
答案：1.speaking 2. as 3. The 4. or 5. based 6. because 7.enlarged
8.vocabulary 9. who 10. that/which
2課文大意概括 （旨在訓練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）
閱讀課文，試著用30來個單詞概括課文大意或翻譯下面短文。
這篇課文講述了英語的發展史。 英語隨著時間的流逝而發生了變化，全世界的人們都說英語。
The passages shows us _____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：The passages shows us a history of the development of English. English has changed over time and it is spoken all over the world.
3課文佳句背誦與仿寫 （旨在培養對難句的理解和寫作能力）
1.【原句】With your partner, list the countries that use English as an official language.和你的同學一起列出把英語作為官方語言的國家。
[模仿要點] 句子結構
【模仿1】請用這些詞，造一個句子來描述你心中的想法。
____________________________________________________________________________
答案：With these words, please make up a sentence that can describe what you feel in your mind.
【模仿2】他用了各種色彩，畫一幅畫顯示了他家鄉的變化。
____________________________________________________________________________
答案：With different colors, he painted a picture that showed the change of his hometown..
2．【原句】English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as south Africa. 在新加坡，馬來西亞和非洲其他國家，比如南非，人們也說英語。
[模仿要點] 列舉三者以上事物的表達
【模仿1】下課后我喜歡去踢足球，打籃球和參加一些有趣的活動如唱歌跳舞
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答案：After class I like to play football and basketball and take part in some interesting activities such as dancing and singing.
【模仿2】在英國旅游期間，我們參考了博物館，城堡和一些名勝如一些公園和花園。
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答案：During the tour in the UK, we visited museums, castles and some places of interest such as some parks and gardens.
單元自測 （模塊）
1完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21-30各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
字數：216 完成時間：15分鐘 難度：****
For the past weeks, Seoul, the capital of the Republic of Korea (ROK), had been swept with anger. Tens of thousands of people 21 by candlelight with banners，saying "Mad cow drives us mad.”About 1000,000 people filled the streets to 22 the government's beef import from the United States.
Several countries had 23 imports from America following a case of mad cow disease in 2003. But in April the ROK's government agreed to continue the 24 .
The protests soon grew into a 25 one against President Lee Myung-bak's polices on everything from democracy to 26 reform.
Last December when Lee won the election he was thought by people in the country as a(n) 27 leader who could save the ROK from 28 economic growth and cold ties with the United States. Since taking office, Lee opened doors for foreign companies, and reformed the teaching of English. He also became the first leader to be invited to the US presidential retreat of Camp David. The night before his visit, he agreed to lift the ban on American beef to show his eagerness to 29 ties.
But this time, his people felt he had gone too far. "What he did was little different from an old Korean king offering tribute to a Chinese emperor,' said Kim Spooky, who joined the protest with her two children. "It's 30 .
21. A. fought B. marched C. celebrated D. sang
22. A. protect B. support C. protest D. defend
23. A. stopped B. continued C. restricted D. controlled
24. A. exportation B. production C. importation D. sale
25. A. fiercer B. broader C. narrower D. stronger
26. A. laws B. customs C. trade D. education
27. A. wise B. violent C. cruel D. aggressive
28. A. steady B. proper C. healthy D. low
29. A. destroy B. rebuild C. break D. value
30. A. persuasive B. controversial C. ashamed D. impressive
答案：
21. B。據語境及下文“1000,000 people filled the streets”可知人們上節游行
22. C。據上文“Mad cow drives us mad”可知人們對政府從美國進口牛肉表示抗議
23. A。據下文“following a case of mad cow disease”可知幾個國家早就停止了從美國進口牛肉
24. C。據關鍵詞“But”和“continue”可知答案是importation
25. B。據下文可知抗議的范圍已從“反對政府從美國進口牛肉”延伸到“ 反對總統的各種政策，所以范圍變寬了。
26. D。據下文“reform the teaching of English”可只答案是“教育”的改革
27. A。他既然贏得競選，當初在人民心中的印象自然不差
28. D。據語境“save the ROK”可知答案
29. B。據上文“save the ROK from cold ties with the United States.”和“agreed to lift the ban on American beef”可知李現在是急于與美國重建關系
30. C。據段意見可知人們認為李這樣做是令人感到羞恥的。
2語法填空
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為31-40的相應位置上。
字數：175 完成時間：9分鐘 難度：***
In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear 31 spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation. 32 , we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.
There is no easy way to success 33 language learning. 34 good memory is a great help, but it is not enough only 35 (memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and 36 meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language. 37 we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of 38 (advise) for those 39 are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practise speaking and 40 (write) the language whenever we can.
[答案]
本文主要講述了學習英語的一些好的方法。
31. it 指代前面的foreign language。
32. Thirdly 根據上下文得知這是第三點。
33. in 在語言學習方面沒有容易取得成功的辦法。
34. A 好的記憶力有助于學習，memory為可數名詞。
35. to memorize 不定式作真正主語。
36. their 指代前面的words。
37. If 前后是條件關系。
38. advice 一條建議，此處應用名詞。
39. who 引導定語從句，先行詞是those。
40. writing 練習做某事應用practise doing sth。
Unit 2 book 3
No 1 p 19
3閱讀理解
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
詞數：387 完成時間：7分鐘 難度：**
One summer my friend and I decided to go to Italy for a holiday and we decided to travel there without going through a travel agency. You know, you would be submerged (淹沒) in crowds of tourists and lose lots of opportunities to get familiar with the country more closely. We started to think over our trip and managed to come up with a free tour of Italy.
The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive. We look forward to going there again! Of course, we spent lots of time arranging the trip, but it was well worth it! Of course I was afraid that something would go wrong and I was especially anxious about my visa, but everything went quite smoothly in the end.
The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation. In the Italian consulate(領事館), one must hand in some official paper proving that one has a hotel booked for oneself in order to get the visa. Then we had to solve the ticket problem. Airlines often sell cheap tickets and we bought ours far in advance. The next step was to book a hotel. We finally booked a hotel about thirty km away from the heart of Rome and it was the perfect choice for our trip.
Every day we took a train that carried us to the heart of Rome. Our big house, which was surrounded by the forest, was a rare girl for the fresh air and absolute silence, beautiful views, hospitable (好客的) hosts, comfortable living conditions delighted us to no end. Besides this, we were very lucky that our mistress was Russian. She gave us a lot of advice that was of great use. She told us what transport to choose and where the best places to go.
Don’t be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself. It’s not difficult! The only thing I'll say right now is that we really enjoyed traveling by ourselves. We walked with a map and a guide-book to wherever we wanted and we even met some of our fellow countrymen on the way just two or three times. So, if you're also planning a "single" trip, don't forget to take a Russian-Italian phrasebook as people in Italy prefer to speak in their native tongue.
41. Why does the author want to go to Italy again?
A. He had a great time there.
B. Italy has a lot of attractions.
C. His friend invited him there.
D. He didn't stay in Italy long enough.
42. What does the author think was the hardest in preparing for his Italian trip?
A. Buying cheap airline tickets to Italy before the traveling
B. Getting a visa without an invitation from the Italian consulate.
C. Booking a comfortable hotel on his own in Rome.
D. Solving the ticket problem far in advance.
43. In the fourth paragraph the author mainly explains
A. the reason why he chose to live in the center of Rome
B. the reason why the hotel he booked was the right choice
C. what transport they chose to travel in their Italian trip
D. the reason why the mistress gave them some advice
44. Which of the following questions has NOT been answered in the passage?
A. Why did the author decide to go to Italy for a holiday for the first time?
B. Why did the author decide not to follow a travel agency?
C. How did the author prepare for his trip?
D. What tools did the author use for his traveling?
45. From the text we can know the author
A. enjoys traveling everywhere in the world
B. likes being accompanied by tour guides
C. advises us to arrange trips by ourselves
D. met with a lot of his countrymen in Italy
[答案]
本文是一篇游記，講述了作者和他的朋友自己策劃的意大利之行。文章介紹了旅游前的準備工作，如自己取得簽證，還有意大利的住宿條件，突出了自己策劃意大利之游的優點以及感受。
41．A。 原因判斷題。根據第二段 “The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive. We look forward to going there again!”結合第四段的內容以及最后一段中的“The only thing I’ll say right now is that we really enjoyed traveling by ourselves.”可知，意大利之行他們玩得很盡興，給他們留下了深刻的印象，所以想再去意大利，因此選A。
42．B。 細節理解題。根據第三段的第一句“The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation.”可知，最難的事情是在沒有邀請函的情況下向意大利大使館申請簽證，因此選擇B。A、C、D雖然文中都涉及到了，但是都不符合題干。
43．B。 段落大意題。根據第四段對旅館周圍環境、交通情況以及該旅館的好處的介紹，可知作者在第四段主要講對旅館滿意的原因。
44．A。 主旨大意題。文章第一段第二句講述了他們不愿意隨旅行社出游的原因，B項提到了；文章第二、三兩段講述作者怎么去準備他的出行的，所以Ｃ項提到了；根據最后一段的“We walked with a map and a guide-book to wherever we wanted…”可知Ｄ項提到了。縱觀全文，作者并沒有提到他為什么去意大利旅游的原因。
45．C。 推理判斷題。根據文章的主要內容，尤其是第一段說不想在旅游團的擁擠的人群中，也不想錯過更多親近意大利的機會，以及最后一段的“Don’t be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself.”可以推斷出應該選擇C。其余選項沒有依據。
4讀寫任務
閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。
CCTV.com News: The rescue was still going on at the small town after the terrible earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province, West China. The rescue teamers made their efforts to rescue the victims buried in the ruins. They found four school kids were under a teacher's desk and the teacher placed himself to the side of the desk without boards, protecting his students from harm. When the firefighters tried to take the teacher's hands away, they failed.., the teacher held the desk terribly firmly. Everyone on the spot cried. The teacher would rather give his life to protect his school kids and give the living chances to them. Everyone has the right to live, but the teacher chose to give the living chances to his lovely students.
[寫作內容]
你的英語老師在上英語寫作課時，要求同學們根據老師提供的英語新聞報道，談談對四川汶川地震的一些人與事的感想。請你以“Greatest Love is Unselfish”為題，準備一篇發言稿，內容包括以下內容：
1．以約30個詞概括這篇新聞報道；
2．以約120個詞，請就“大愛無私”的話題寫一篇英語短文，表達你內心的感受，并包括如下要點：
1)你看完這個故事后，你如何評價這位老師的無私行為；為什么?
2)你的感想。
[寫作要求]
1．作文中可使用自己的親身經歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；標題自定。
2．作文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱。
[評分標準]概括準確，語言規范，內容合適，篇章連貫。
[寫作輔導]
1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：自然災害natural disasters，保護 protect／protection，奉獻某A的生命devote one' s life to doing sth,努力做某事make one' s efforts to do sth，救某生命save one ' s life.
2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點：The rescue teamers made their efforts to rescue the victims buried in the ruins. They found four school kids were under a teacher's desk and the teacher placed himself to the side of the desk without boards, protecting his students from harm. / but the teacher chose to give the living chances to his lovely students.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據文段的時態來寫。同時，絕對不能抄襲原文的句子。文章是討論你看完這個故事后，你如何評價這位老師的無私行為以及你的想法，屬于是評論性文字和結論性的觀點，故用一般現在時或一般將來時態。
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[答案]
Greatest Love is Unselfish
During Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan Province, a rescue team found a teacher, dead for hours, and four school kids, safe with the protection of the teacher. And the teacher's greatest love gave everyone a great shock.
A very ordinary teacher would rather give his life to save and protect his students, for he knew that he was a teacher and should protect his students, As we know, when the disaster broke out, all the teachers in this earthquake area made their efforts to help and save their students, and this noble act shows that greatest love is unselfish. Facing natural disasters, sometimes we human beings may feel too weak, but just at this very moment, we will try everything to help others, even devote our lives to doing that.
After reading the news story, I was moved to tears. Greatest love is unselfish. The teacher's action illustrates our kind teachers' greatest love to their students.
Unit 3 Travel journal
語言要點
單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）
詞匯
部分 詞語
辨析 1. finally/at last/in the end
2. across/through/over
3. persuade / advise
4. beneath / under / below
詞形
變化 1. organize vt. 組織 organized adj. 有組織的 organization n. 組織
2. wool n. 羊毛 woolen adj. 毛紡的; 純毛的
3. determine v. 決定 determined adj. 堅決的 determination n. 決心; 堅定性
重點
單詞 1. prefer v. 更喜歡，選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物）
2. persuade v. 說服；勸說
3. insist v. 堅持
4. determine v. 決定；確定；下定決心
重點
詞組 7. care about 關心，在乎 go through 經歷；經受
8. give in 屈服，讓步，投降；上交
9. change one’s mind 改變主意
重點句子 1. It was my sister who/that first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River. 首先想到沿湄公河騎車旅游的是我姐姐。（強調句）
2. She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly.
她堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。
重點語法 現在進行時表示將來 （見語法部分）
I 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. finally/at last/in the end
【解釋】
finally 有兩個意思，一是在按順序列舉事物或論點時引出最后一項內容，“最后，末了”；二是表示“在經過很長時間之后才，終于。” 另外，finally 一般位于動詞前。
at last強調經過一番努力
in the end強調經過許多困難、變化之后，事情才發生
at last和in the end 同finally 的第二個意思
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). The war lasted four years before the North won _______________.
2). Your idea will turn out right _________.
3). ______, I want to thank you for helping me.
Keys: 1). in the end/ at last 2). in the end 3). Finally
2. across/through/over
【解釋】
across 表示從表面上橫穿，橫跨
through 表示穿過空間內部
over 表示“越過”，指從較高物體的一側到另一側
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
The Great Wall winds its way ____high mountains, ___ deep valleys and ___ great
deserts.
Keys: over…through…across
3. persuade / advise
【解釋】
persuade 指通過勸說、感情交流等而使對方做勸說者所希望的事。強調勸說已收到成效。
advise 并不涉及是否有成效
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Some of us ________ him to change his mind but no one could _________ him to do so.
Keys: 1). advised…persuade
4. beneath / under / below
【解釋】
beneath 書面用詞，指緊挨……之下
under 普通用詞，指在某物的正下方
below 指位置低于某物或在某物下方，但不一定在正下方， 所指范圍較寬
【練習】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當形式填空
1). Write your name _______ the line.
2). They found the body buried a pile of leaves.
3). They stood ________ a big tree.
Keys: 1). below 2). beneath 3). under
II 詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）
1. organize vt. 組織 organized adj. 有組織的 organization n. 組織
2. wool n. 羊毛 woolen adj. 毛紡的; 純毛的
3. determine v. 決定 determined adj. 堅決的 determination n. 決心; 堅定性
【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空
1) He's involved in the _______ of a new club. (organize)
2) She’s a highly ________ person. (organize)
3）She _______ the class into four groups. (organize)
4）These goats are specially bred for their _______. (wool)
5）Those are _______ blankets (wool)
6）His father is a leader with courage and _________. (determine)
7) She will ________ how it is to be done. (determine)
8) I'm ________ to succeed. (determine)
Keys: 1) organization 2) organized 3) organized 4) wool
5) woolen 6) determination 7) determine 8) determined
Ⅲ 重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）
1. prefer v. （preferred/preferring） 更喜歡，選擇某事物（而不選擇其他事物）
[典例]
1). I prefer dogs to cats. 貓狗之中我更喜歡狗。
2). I prefer speaking the truth to lying. 我寧愿講實話而不愿說謊。
3). Would you prefer that we put off our wedding till next mouth? 你是否更愿意把我們的婚禮推遲到下個月？
[重點用法]
prefer sth../doing prefer A to B
prefer doing A to doing B prefer (sb.) to do (rather than do)
prefer that-clause
[練習] 中譯英
1). 比起乘坐擁擠的公共汽車，他寧愿騎自行車。
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2). 瑪麗更愿意我在外面等她。
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Keys: 1). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.
2). Mary prefers me to wait for her outside.
2. persuade v. 說服；勸說
[典例]
1). We persuaded him to take the job / into taking the job. 我們說服了他接受這份工作。
2). My mother finally persuaded me not to go to the party / out of going to the party.
媽媽最終說服我不參加這次聚會。
3). How can I persuade you of my sincerity？ 我如何能讓你相信我是真誠的？
4). I am almost persuaded that he is honest. 我幾乎相信了他是誠實的。
[重點用法]
persuade sb. to do sth.= persuade sb. into doing sth. 說服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. out of sth./doing sth. 勸阻某人做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade that-clause 使某人相信...
[練習] 中譯英
1）他正試圖說服他的朋?