(一)主題任務(wù)(Core tasks)

根據(jù)本單元的中心主題，建議設(shè)計以下主題任務(wù)。

專題調(diào)查

活動時間：在學(xué)完本單元之后

活動形式：個人活動、小組活動、全班活動

語言知識要求：本單元詞匯與句型

語言技能要求：聽、說、讀、寫

活動過程：

1．選擇內(nèi)容：所要調(diào)查的內(nèi)容與本單元話題相關(guān)。例如，閱讀習(xí)慣、學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格、個性特征、人生目標(biāo)，等等。把全班分成幾個小組，每個小組選擇一個方面的內(nèi)容進行研究，編制調(diào)查問卷。例如：

2．展開調(diào)查：小組的每個成員運用小組編制的問卷選擇對象進行調(diào)查，記錄并整理有關(guān)信息。

3．分析信息：在小組范圍內(nèi)交流有關(guān)內(nèi)容，分類整理，得出結(jié)論。

4．撰寫報告：選擇一個小組成員執(zhí)筆撰寫調(diào)查報告，其他同學(xué)也要參與補充、修改。記住運用曲線圖、柱狀圖、餅圖和其他圖表形式。

5．交流信息：在全班交流調(diào)查報告。

6．各抒己見：小組活動，就調(diào)查所發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題提出建議。每個成員撰寫文章，列舉問題，提出措施。

(二)熱身(Warming up)

該部分教學(xué)中教師可以補充一些問題。例如：通過對下列表述做出True或False的判斷，可以調(diào)查學(xué)生的合作精神。

(三)聽力(Listening)

該部分教學(xué)要注意以下幾個方面：

聽前，教師要做好鋪墊。

1．幫助學(xué)生掃除詞匯障礙：

1)教學(xué)與科學(xué)調(diào)查有關(guān)的詞匯，例如：survey， questionnaire，comments，observation，majority等。

2)教學(xué)科學(xué)調(diào)查中常用的統(tǒng)計方法，例如百分比和頻率的英文表達方法。

3)介紹各種用于科研目的的圖表。

2．聯(lián)系本班學(xué)生的實際討論，除練習(xí)1中的三個問題外，教師還可以補充一些與學(xué)生課余生活有關(guān)的問題供學(xué)生討論，例如：

1)Do you like ball games? Do you often play basketball/football after class?

2)How often do you go to cinema?

3)Do you play PC games? Where do you play? Do your parents / teachers allow you to do so?

4)How much pocket money do your parents give you each month? Is it enough?

5)Do you have many friends? Where do you make friends?

聽的過程中，教師要為學(xué)生分解難度：

1．分段播放，先放1-3段，做練習(xí)2中的表格題；再放4-5段做練習(xí)2中的餅圖題。

2．重復(fù)兩、三次。

聽后，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論。例如：

1．Do you think it necessary for you to do SO much homework to remember the knowledge and build up the ability? How much homework is enough? What kind of homework do you like most? What the least?

2．Do you think you can do a part-time job? Why or why not?

3．Do the part-time jobs you have done help you understand what you are learning in class? Give your reasons．

4．What do you think of putting away the money you have earned in a savings account?

5．Why is getting to know people in different setting important?

6．Is it difficult for students of your age to find a part-time job?

(四)口語(Speaking)

該部分還可以設(shè)計以下幾個教學(xué)內(nèi)容：

1．在討論該部分的三個情景前，讓學(xué)生開動腦筋，列舉取得他人信任的作用。

Benefits of being trusted：

1)You may earn a good reputation．

2)You may spend less time persuading people to do what you want them to do．

3)You will probably have more opportunities as you are reliable．

4)You have confidence in fulfilling your task．

5)Even if someone disagrees with you，he or she will respect you．

6)You will find it easier to cooperate with others．

7)If you set an example，others would like to follow．

8)People will be friendly to you and will support you．

9)People are willing and happy to contact you．

2．在討論過該部分的三個情景后，讓學(xué)生討論如何取得他人的信任。

Suggested ideas：

1．Keep your promises．

2．Put your words into action．

3．Never boast．

4．Say what you really think．

(五)閱讀(Reading)

該部分文章要說明的核心是：怎樣才能使團隊發(fā)揮最大效率?盡管本文做了詳盡的剖析，并以體育運動隊為例進行闡釋，但運用的都是理論分析的方法，這對于學(xué)生來講，理解和記憶都有一定的困難。因此，建議教師采用更為形象的手段。

1．具體舉例。例如，就團隊的組成、隊員的角

色、領(lǐng)隊及教練的作用、以全勝戰(zhàn)績奪得冠軍的秘訣等等進行提問和討論。

2．設(shè)計板書。例如：

3．分解難度。教師還可以讓學(xué)生回答以下問題：

1．What is a team?

2．Why are students asked to work in teams at school?

3．How are sports teams made up?

4．Is the coach counted as a team member? What’s the role of the coach?

5．Is it necessary for all the team members to be friends?

6．What are some of the requirements that make the team work well?

7．How are the tasks of the group divided?

8．Why should group members respect and sup port each other?

(六)讀后(Post．reading)

該部分的教學(xué)注意以下幾個方面：

1．第一個活動可以和“讀前”部分的第三個練習(xí)結(jié)合起來，因為這兩個練習(xí)提問的內(nèi)容是相同的。讓學(xué)生瀏覽課文，完成“讀前”部分的第三個練習(xí)；讓學(xué)生細讀課文，完成“讀后”部分的第一個活動。在黑板上繪制網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖，分兩步讓學(xué)生填寫有關(guān)內(nèi)容，通過細讀學(xué)生可以更全面地把握有關(guān)內(nèi)容。

2．第二、三和第四個活動都不能直接在文章中找到答案，教師可以補充相關(guān)材料，也可以讓學(xué)生自己查尋。例如：

The E-learning Project Team：Roles and Re Sponsibilities

In the late 1980’s to early 1990’s，it was common for a person，a super-producer，to single-handedly create a high quality learning programme．However，creating effective e-learning in today's marketplace is becoming an increasingly difficult task for one person．Regardless of how much division of labour is applied，team members will likely play more than one role．

Sponsor

The sponsor acts on behalf of his or her organization to assure that the product reduces cost，increases productivity，or in some other way adds value．

Project Manager

The project manager is responsible to the sponsor for the quality of the finished product．

Subject Matter Expert

The subject matter expert contributes the core con tent and original materials．She provides access to source materials and reference items such as books，articles， and videotape s．

Instructional Designer

A typical instructional designer has a background in liberal arts，often with a master’s degree in instructional design，psychology，education，or multimedia technology．

Writer

Working after an instructional designer has created an outline，a writer creates and revises the script．

Graphic Artist

From the blueprints created by the instructional designer and scriptwriter，the graphic artist creates screen layouts；specific interface items such as buttons，windows，and menus；and specific graphics and animations necessary to the programme．

Programmer

Using the script as a guide，the programmer is

expected to put different elements(text，audio，video， graphics，and animation)into a whole．

Audio and Video Producers

Audio and Video producers oversee the pre-production，production，and post-production of video and audio elements．

Quality Reviewers

The quality reviewers work internally during development stages，check the programme for general quality and create change reports．

Administrators

Administrators f8cilitate communication? track expenditures, and assist in reproduction and distribution of materials．a(chǎn)mong other duties．

還可以結(jié)合電視、廣播、報刊、出版等工作討論團隊作用。

3．教師還可以提供更多的討論題。例如：

1)Is the coach as important as the team members? Give your reasons．

2)Why is it important that each player has a clear role?

3)Different teams require different roles．Give some examples．

4)How do you understand the importance of rules and regulations?

(七)語言練習(xí)(Language practice)

該部分的第一個練習(xí)與“閱讀”部分的課文有直接的聯(lián)系，難度不大。不過，作為鞏固性練習(xí)，教師要盡量提高學(xué)生應(yīng)用的靈活性，可以讓一個小組的學(xué)生用同一個詞造句，這樣就有許多不同的句子讓大家分享。第二個練習(xí)有一定的難度，可以指導(dǎo)學(xué)生先確定意義后確定形式，這樣難度分解后更有利于學(xué)生完成這個練習(xí)。第三個練習(xí)對于所有層次的學(xué)生都有一定的難度，教師要加強方法的指導(dǎo)。

1．信息復(fù)現(xiàn)是寫作中的一種常見現(xiàn)象，學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)現(xiàn)的規(guī)律有助于完整上下文的信息。例如：

1)上下文中，有時同一詞會重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

While my father was an officer of the British army in South Africa，we lived in a two-storey house…．I saw， over my father’s shoulder，a gorilla，the worst enemy of the soldier in Africa.

2)同義詞、近義詞或解釋性的語言可使上下文語義得以連接起來。

In March 2005，a survey was carried out among 23 young people from Xiamen．Thirteen of them were male and nine were female．

3)具有概括性的詞和具有分述作用的詞也是缺詞填空的重要線索。

For example，she has been learning how to ex change messages with people．Scientists are teaching her sign language…．Andrew has also been　trained to think out and find answers to the problems．

2．闡述同一話題時，相關(guān)的表達方式和信息會

形成一個個詞匯鏈和信息鏈。例如：

Robert noticed that he was standing next to a large camera．“You! We were making a film and you spoiled the whole afternoon’s work!”

教師有必要幫助學(xué)生加強詞匯之間的聯(lián)系，形成具有實用意義的詞匯鏈。例如：以friend為話題可以提供以下練習(xí)：

用下列短語完成句子：

1)I hear you work with Peter．Did you know he was ________ ?

2)I suppose Sandra is ________ ．We ring each other most evenings．

3)I’m going up to see ________ in Scotland next week．I haven’t seen them for over sixty years!

4)I wouldn’t say he was ________．We used to work together and we go for a drink now and again．

5)I met Martin at university．It was the start of

答案：1 a friend of mine 2 my best friend 3 some old friends 4 a close friend 5 a lifelong friendship

(八)綜合技能(Integrating skills)

該部分教學(xué)注意幾個方面：

1．閱讀和寫作是一個有機的整體，閱讀為寫作做鋪墊，寫作是對閱讀的總結(jié)和延伸。因此，閱讀教學(xué)中，教師要針對寫作所要涉及的話題提煉內(nèi)容：

Items Li Yonghong’s experlence Your opinions

Decisions

Parents’offer

University

Finances

Risks

2．針對閱讀內(nèi)容，補充幾種個性類型。例如：

Different Personality Types

Outgoing

You are an outgoing and cheerful person．Although sometimes you get frustrated，you can get through the hard times easily and be joyful again．

Garing

You love and care for others and it is the reason why you are a big sister/brother in people's eyes．People will find it interesting and comfortable talking to you and this enables you to gain trust from them．

Sympathetic

You are dependent and have less own opinions． You can take every opportunity to attract other's attention．The first impression you give to others is your sympathetic look and character．This may account for the reason why others are eager to offer you protection and security．

Charming

You are the type that possesses the most charming character,　You are advised not to believe too much on other's sweet and honeyed words and phrases．It is suggested that you show more of your talent and intelligence，so that people will have a good impression of you not only because of your outward appearance．

(二)測試性評價1．用下面所給的短語填空：

stick with through thick and thin pull out of cater to in reality keep an/one’s eye on take into account as a whole once again live up to

1 Then，families stuck together _________

2 Will you _________ things here until I get

back?

3 There are some sections in the newspapers

_________ people’S love of sports．

4 They are goi ng to _________ the same plan

made last year．

5 The breathtakingly beautiful scenery certainly

_________ expectations．

6 If you _________ inflation _________, we

actually spend less now．

7 Being in financial trouble，the firm _________

the personal computer business．

8 His views are not popular with the community _________ .

9 He was forced to apologize _________ for his

actions publicly．

10 Reports put the death toll at 50，when

_________ it was close to 200．

2．用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空：

Football evolved from English soccer and 1．Professional sides have squads of up to 45 players divided into three 2：one for offense． another for defense and the third for taking kicks．The team in possession(offense)has four plays，or downs，to 3 the ball 10 yards by running with it or passing it．If 4．the team has another series of plays．If it fails，the 5 takes possession of the ball．All plays start on or between the inbounds lines． Six 6 are awarded for a touchdown，plus an 7 point for converting the ball over the crossbar．Placekicking the ball over the crossbar from anywhere in the 8 gains three points．The defense al so 9 two points from a safety either by tackling the ball carrier in his own end zone or if the carrier steps out of the back or side of his 10．

答案：

1．1 through thick and thin 2 keep an eye on 3 catering to

4 stick with 5 lived up to 6 take，into account

7 is pulling out of 8 as a whole 9 once again

10 in reality

2．1 rugby 2 teams 3 advance 4 successful

5 opposition 6 points 7 extra 8 field scores zone