北 京 四 中
重點詞匯與短語：
1.take place 發生
2.so---that 如此---以致于
3.sweep sb. down 沖倒
4.pull up 拽起，停車
5.hold on to 抓住，握住
6.get on one’s feet 站起來
7.go on a holiday 度假
8.far away from 遠離
9.on fire 著火
10.such as 例如
11.travel agent 旅行社
12.be caught in 遭遇到
13.think twice 三思
14.think highly of 對---評價很高
15.stare at 盯著
16.leave out 遺漏
17.take off 脫下，起飛
18.go wrong 出問題
19.in all 總之
20.on the air 廣播
21.make jokes about 開---的玩笑
22.play a role 扮演角色
23.make money 掙錢
24.owe success to sb. 把成功歸功于某人
25.start with 以---開始
26.a thank-you letter 一封感謝信
27.introduce---to--- 將---介紹給---
28.make a good impression 留下好印象
29.the custom of toasting 敬酒的習俗
30.apologize to sb. for sth. 因為某事向某人道歉
交際用語:
1.Well done! 做得好！
2.You can do it! 你能行！
3.Come on! 快點！
4.It scares me. 這讓我害怕。
5.Keep trying! 再試試！
6.How do you like/find---? 你認為---怎么樣？
7.What do you think of---? 你認為---怎么樣？
8.Excuse me. 對不起。
9.Forgive me. 請原諒。
10.I’m (very/so/terribly) sorry. 十分抱歉。
11.I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to---. 對不起，我不是有意---。
12.That’s all right./ That’s OK./ No problem. 沒關系。
知識點歸納:
1.advance
(1) v. 前進,推進,促進,提升
Napoleon’s army advanced towards Moscow. 那破侖的軍隊向莫斯科挺進了。
Two months has passed and the project has advanced.
兩個月過去了，這項工程已有進展。
(2) n. 前進，進展
The commander ordered to halt the enemy’s advance. 司令下令阻止敵軍前進。
He’s always paying attention to the advances in medical science.
他時刻注意著醫學上的進步。
（3）in advance 預先，在---之前
I was given a month’s salary in advance. 我提前發了一個月的工資。
（4）advanced adj. 高級的，先進的
Einstein learned advanced mathematics all by himself at 13.
愛因斯坦13歲就能自學高等數學了。
Few scientists could understand his advanced theory at that time.
那時沒幾個科學家能理解他高深的理論。
2.seize vt.
(1) 抓住，捉住
The thief was seized by the police. 那個小偷被警察抓住了。
He seized me by the arm. 他抓住了我的胳膊。
(2) 抓住（時機）
If you get the opportunity to work abroad, you should seize it with both hands.
如果你有出國工作的機會，切勿放過。
Seize the day, seize the hour!
只爭朝夕！
（3）（思想、感情等）支配人的頭腦
The man was seized with panic. 這個人驚慌失措。
Uncontrollable laughter seized us. 我們不由自主地大笑起來了。
3.strike vt. vi. (struck, struck/stricken)
(1) 打，擊，砍，敲
strike a blow 擊出一拳
strike a match 劃火柴
I wouldn’t dream of striking a woman. 我做夢也不會打女人。
He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他氣得用拳頭砸桌子。
(2) 打中，擊中；撞，觸礁
A snow ball struck/hit him on the back of the head. 一個雪球打中了他的后腦勺。
Then my shovel struck against something metallic.
然后我的鏟子碰到了一件像金屬的東西。
（3）（某種想法）忽然出現；使（某人）突然意識到
It strikes sb. that--- 忽然意識到
be struck by--- 深受感動
The funny side of the affair suddenly struck her. 她突然意識到了事情可笑的一面。
We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens.
使我們深受感動的是，甚至最貧窮的市民也慷慨大方。
（4） 給某人某種印象
---How did it strike you? 你覺得它如何？
---It struck me as strange at the time. 我當時覺得它很古怪。
（5）（鐘）敲響
The church clock began to strike twelve. 教堂的鐘開始敲12點。
(6) 突然襲擊
When the snake strikes, its mouth opens wide.
蛇發起進攻時，嘴張得很大。
I fear an earthquake will strike this area again. 我擔心地震會再次發生在這一地區。
(7) 罷工 （也可用做名詞）
I’m sure the bus drivers will strike/ go on strike. 我確信公共汽車司機會罷工。
(8) strike, beat, hit, tap, knock
strike 常表示用力打或敲
hit 有“撞擊，襲擊”之意，比strike稍弱一些，指一次性的打擊或擊中
beat 指連續多次的打，也指有節奏的擊打，還可表示打敗
tap 指輕拍
knock 指敲打并伴有響聲，還可表示打倒、撞翻
考題鏈接：
(1) It _____ her how quiet and gentle he was.
A. beat B. hit C. struck D. knock
(2) He sat quietly in the room, listening to the rain ____ against the window.
A. beating B. hitting C. striking D. knocking
答案 C A
分析 第一題表示“使某人忽然意識到”，用strike; 第二題表示連續敲打，用beat.
4.感官動詞 see, hear, find, notice, watch + 賓語 + 賓補
(1) 感官動詞 + 賓語 + doing, 表示賓補的動作正在發生。
We can see parrots flying along the river. 我們可以看到鸚鵡在沿著河邊飛翔。
I can feel my heart beating fast. 我可以感覺到我的心跳得很快。
(2) 感官動詞 + 賓語 + do, 表示賓補的動作已經完成。
I saw him cross the street. 我看見他過了馬路。
I didn’t notice you enter. 我沒注意你進來了。
(3) 感官動詞 + 賓語 + done, 表示賓語和賓補之間是被動關系。
I found his hands tied to a tree. 我發現他的雙手被綁在樹上。
He saw the girl bitten by the dog. 他看到那個女孩被狗咬了。
5.fight
(1) vt. 和---作戰
We are fighting pollution now. 我們正在和污染作斗爭。
(2) vi.
fight against 為反對---而斗爭
The slaves fought against the slavery. 奴隸們為推翻奴隸制度而戰。
fight for 為（爭取）---而斗爭
He called on the slaves to fight for freedom. 他號召奴隸們為自由而戰。
fight with 同---一起戰斗，與---戰斗
France fought with Germany in that war. 在那場戰爭中法國對德國作戰。
fight over 因為---而爭吵
The twin sisters always fight over toys. 這對雙胞胎姐妹經常因為玩具而爭吵。
(3) n. 戰斗，搏斗
This film is about people’s fight for right. 這部電影反映了人民爭取自己權利的斗爭。
Our country has started a fight against corruption. 我國已經開始了一場反腐敗斗爭。
(4) fight, war, battle, struggle
fight 意為“戰爭”，指戰爭的動作。
They fought back in self-defence. 他們進行了自衛還擊。
war 指全面戰爭，包含多次。
We experienced two world wars in the last century.
上個世紀我們經歷了兩次世界大戰。
battle 戰役，指大的、連續數小時數天的戰爭。
the battle of Waterloo 滑鐵盧戰役
struggle 指較長時間的激烈的爭斗，常指肉體、精神上的戰斗。
They had to struggle for their freedom. 他們不得不為自由而戰。
The army struggled against Japanese Imperialist. 這部隊與日本帝國主義作斗爭。
6.take place, happen, break out
take place 多表示按計劃或規定要發生的事情。
happen 常用詞，有偶然發生之意。
break out 常指戰爭、火災和疾病的爆發。
三個詞組都為不及物動詞，沒有被動語態。
A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。
He was in French when the Second World War broke out. 二戰爆發時他在法國。
When did the traffic accident happen? 交通事故是什么時候發生的？
Something strange has happened to the chemistry teacher. 化學老師出了點奇怪的事情。
When will the sports meet take place? 運動會什么時候舉行？
Great changes have taken place in his hometown since 1980.
從1980年以來他的家鄉發生了巨變。
7.destroy vt. 破壞，毀滅，毀掉
The school was completely destroyed by fire. 學校被大火徹底燒毀了。
That accident destroyed her ballet career. 那次事故毀掉了她的芭蕾生涯。
destroy 表示徹底毀掉，也可用于抽象意義，可指人或物。
damage 通常指車輛、房屋、莊稼等無生命物體受到損傷或毀壞，但往往可以修復。可用作名詞。
ruin 表示毀壞某種好的或有用的東西。
The chemical rain damages trees in the forests. 酸雨損害了森林中的樹木。
The precious painting was ruined by spilt milk. 灑出來的牛奶毀壞了那幅珍貴的畫。
The storm caused great damage to the crops. 這場風暴給莊稼造成了很大的損害。
8.award
(1) 可數名詞，主要指“獎品，獎賞，獎金”，有時也指“報酬，工資”。
Meryl Streep won the best actress award. 梅麗爾斯特里普獲最佳女演員獎。
The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奧運會冠軍的獎品是一枚金牌。
The nurses’ pay award was not as much as they had expected.
護士的工資遠沒有她們預想的那么多。
(2) vt. 給予，授予，判給
Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.
愛因斯坦因在量子物理學方面的成就而被授予諾貝爾獎。
The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大學給她發了獎學金。
(3) priz 主要用于表示“獲得幾等獎”或“獲獎金額”，常說
win a prize for---
award sb. a prize
reward 可用做名詞或動詞，指“報答，報償，獎賞”。
考題鏈接：
It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.
A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results
答案 A
分析 該句意思為“人們普遍認為小孩子學會做事是因為這些行為會帶來獎賞/回報”。
9.owe vt.
(1) 欠（債）
If he has borrowed some money from her, and has not paid her back, he owes her the money.
如果他借了她的錢沒歸還，他就欠她錢。
How much do I owe you? 我欠你多少錢？
We owe our parents a lot. 我們對父母感激不盡。
(2) owe sth. to sb. 感激，把---歸功于---
He owes his success to our help. 他把成功歸功于我們的幫助。
We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers. 我們深受父母及師長之恩。
I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我現在還活著，應該感激你。
(3) owing to 由于，因為
Owing to the rain they could not come. 因為下雨，他們不能來。
Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因為天旱，收成不好。
10.live adj. 活的，生動的，精力充沛的，實況轉播的
It wasn’t a recorded show; it was live. 這不是錄像，是實況轉播。
They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage.
當演出在舞臺上進行時他們進行了實況轉播。
The concert will be broadcast live. 這次演唱會將進行實況轉播。
That is a live fish. 那是一條活魚。
The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.
該實驗室在用十多只活猴子進行實驗。
She is a live woman. 她是一位精力充沛的女人。
live 當“活的”講時，只修飾動物，如a live mouse, a live snake
11.take off
(1) 脫掉，摘掉（反義詞為put on）
I forgot to take off my make-up last night. 我昨天晚上忘了卸妝。
He took off his coat and went to sleep. 他脫下外衣睡覺了。
(2) (飛機)起飛，起跑
As the plane was taking off, I remembered I didn’t turn the iron off.
飛機起飛時，我才想起我沒有切斷熨斗的電源。
When we went to the airport, the plane had taken off. 我們到機場時，飛機已經起飛了。
(3) 休假，一般說take some time off
I’m taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.
我周四要休假去買一些圣誕禮物。
(4) 開始成功，成名
I hear the business is really taking off. 我聽說生意真的開始興隆了。
Spielberg’s career really took off when he began to shoot his short films.
斯皮爾伯格開始從事短片拍攝時，他的事業真正騰飛了。
(5) take in 吸收，理解；收留
take back 使回憶起；追回
take over 接管，接任
take up 開始從事；占去（時間、空間）；拿起（武器）
高考鏈接：
(1)It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. (福建2004)
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
(2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day.
(廣東2004)
A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up
答案
(1) C hand sth. over to sb. “把---傳給某人”
(2) A take up “占用時間”
12.
go wrong “變壞，變得糟糕，出錯”，go 用做聯系動詞，表示狀況由好變壞。
go bad 變壞，變腐爛
go hungry 挨餓
go mad 發瘋
The computer went wrong. 電腦壞了。
Fish goes bad in hot weather. 熱天魚很快腐爛。
He has gone deaf. 他變聾了。
13.
think highly/well/much of 對---評價很高
think ill/badly/poorly/little of 對---評價不好
Premier Zhou was highly thought of in China. 周總理在中國深受好評。
Not all the teachers are well thought of by the students. 學生不是對所有老師印象都好。
highly, high 都可用作副詞，high表示具體的高度，highly表示引申含義，“高度地”。類似表達還有wide/widely, deep/deeply, close/closely。
He jumped very high. 他跳得很高。
We all speak highly of Mr. Smith. 我們對史密斯先生評價很高。
Open your mouth wide. 把嘴張大。
English is widely used in the world. 英語在世界上被廣泛使用。
He dived deep into the sea. 他潛到海里很深的地方。
They were deeply moved when hearing this. 聽到這些，他們被深深地感動了。
14.manner
(1) 禮貌，規矩，用復數manners
It’s bad manners to talk with a full mouth. 嘴里吃著東西是很不禮貌的。
Mind your manners. 注意禮貌。
(2) 態度，舉止，用作不可數名詞。
His manner shows his honesty. 他的態度表明了他的誠實。
Though ugly in appearance, he is soft in manner. 雖然他的相貌丑陋，但舉止很溫柔。
(3) 手段，方法，用作可數名詞。
He told the story in a frightening manner. 他以嚇人的方式講故事。
Do it in this manner. 用這種方式來做。
15.interrupt vt. vi.
(1) 打斷，插嘴
It’s not polite to interrupt a speaker. 打斷別人說話是不禮貌的。
Don’t interrupt; let him go on speaking. 別插嘴，讓他繼續說。
(2) 阻止，中斷
I interrupt my work to watch TV. 我停下手里的活去看電視。
The war interrupted the trade between the two countries. 戰爭中斷了兩國間的貿易。
16.impression n. 印象
get an impression 得到某印象
have/make a good impression on sb. 給某人留下好印象
be under the impression that 覺得，以為
What were your first impressions of Beijing? 你對北京的第一印象如何？
The book left/made a deep impression on him. 這本書給他留下了深刻的印象。
What he said gave her a bad impression. 他的話給它留下了惡劣的印象。
Everybody had the impression that she was a good match for the young man.
每個人都覺得她和那個年輕人是天生的一對。
17.mean vt.
(1) 意味著
Life to him means struggle. 對他來說生活意味著斗爭。
His words means a lot to me. 他的話對我來說意味著許多。
What do you mean by saying this? 你說這話是什么意思？
Nodding the head means agreement. 點頭就是同意。
(2) mean to do 打算做某事
What do you mean to do next? 下一步你打算做什么？
I mean to write a letter to my girlfriend. 我打算給我的女朋友寫封信。
I know I have hurt her feelings, but I didn’t mean to.
我知道我傷害了她，但這不是我的本意。
I had meant to apologize to him, but I changed my mind.
我本打算向他道歉，但又改變了主意。
(3) mean doing 意味著---
Her smile means being happy. 她的微笑意味著正高興。
Waving the hand means saying goodbye. 揮手意味著道別。
If it means delaying one more week, I will not wait.
如果這意味著拖延一個星期，我就不等了。
(4) mean sb. to do 打算要某人做---
I mean you to repair my bike. 我打算要你給我修自行車。
I had meant you to get up early, but you got up late.
我本打算要你早起，但你起晚了。
He meant his son to succeed. 他要他的兒子成功。
(5) means n. 手段，方法；工具（單復數同形）
a means of transportation 交通工具
a means of communication 通訊方式
by all means 無論如何，務必
by means of 借助---
by this means 通過這種方式
They tried all possible means. 他們嘗試過一切可能的方式。
There is/are no means of getting there. 沒有辦法可以到達那里。
Finish it by all means. 無論如何都要完成它。
Thoughts can also be expressed by means of music. 思想也可借助音樂表達。
We’ll be connected with that factory by this means. 我們將用這種方式與那個工廠聯系。
18.must 表推測
(1) 對現在事實的推測，用 must be/do sth.
對過去事實的推測，用must have done
He must be over 70 now. 他現在肯定有70多歲了。
He knows something about Beijing. I think he must have been there.
他對北京有所了解，我想他一定去過那兒。
(2) 表推測否定形式為 can’t do, can’t/couldn’t have done。
He can’t be from America, for his English is not good at all.
他不可能是從美國來的，因為他的英語一點也不好。
He can’t have bought this book, for he is reading mine.
他不可能買了這本書，因為他正在看我的。
(3) 含must表推測的句子，反意疑問句應根據實際時態的動詞形式決定。
He must be Mr. Chen, isn’t he?
(去掉must后的陳述句為：He is Mr. Chen.)
He must have stayed at home yesterday, didn’t he?
(還原為: He stayed at home yesterday.)
You must have met him before, haven’t you?
（還原為：You have met him before.）
高考鏈接：
(1) ---Tom graduated from college at a very young age.
---Oh, he ____ have been a very smart student. (NMET 2004)
A. could B. should C. might D. must
答案：D
分析：對過去情況的肯定推測，用must have done。
(2) He ____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. (北京2005)
A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t
答案：B
分析： 同上題。
(3) I _____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
答案：B
分析：對過去的否定推測用 can’t/couldn’t have done。
19.introduce vt.
(1) 介紹
Let me introduce myself first. 先讓我作一下自我介紹。
May I introduce you to Mr. Brown? 讓我介紹你跟布郎先生認識好嗎？
(2) 引進，提出
They introduced the idea that children could learn to read as babies.
他們提出在嬰兒階段就可教小孩認字這個想法。
Who introduced the bad idea? 誰提出的這個糟糕的想法？
They introduced a topic for discussion. 他們提出議題供討論。
(3) （以---）開始
I introduced my class with a funny story. 我以一個有趣的故事開始我的課。
What did he introduce the program with? 他以什么開始節目的？
Relative pronouns introduce adjective clauses. 關系代詞引出定語從句。
(4) 使認識，使知道
Tom introduced me to jazz. 湯姆使我了解了爵士樂。
Watching TV programs introduced me to this play.
看電視使我了解了這個戲劇。
20.否定前綴
(1) in-
indirect adj. 間接的
inability n. 無能力
inaction n. 無行動
(2) un-
unhappy 不高興的 unlike 不像的
uncomfortable 不舒服的 uncommon 不常見的
unable 不能的 uncertain 不確定的
unafraid 不害怕的
(3) dis-
disagree 不同意 dislike 不喜歡 disabled 殘廢的
(4) im-
impossible 不可能的 improbable 不大可能的 impolite 沒禮貌的
(5) non-
nonstop 不停的 non-smoker 不吸煙者
否定前綴詞作謂語時，反意疑問部分通常仍用否定形式。
He disagrees to my plan, doesn’t he? 他不同意我的計劃，是嗎？
Tom is unlike his mother, isn’t he? 湯姆不象他媽媽，是嗎？
21.fashion n. 流行，時髦，時尚
a fashion show 時裝表演
set a/the fashion 領導潮流
follow the fashion 趕時髦
come into fashion 流行起來
go out of fashion 漸漸過時
be in fashion 正流行
be out of fashion 不再流行
Wide trousers are the latest fashion. 寬腿褲是最新流行的款式。
She arranged flowers in/after her own fashion. 她以自己的方式插花。
Fashions for men’s clothes change less frequently than fashions for women’s clothes.
男裝的式樣不如女裝的式樣變化多。
When did that style of dress come into/go out of fashion?
那種衣服的樣式什么時候流行/不流行？
* fashionable adj. 時髦的，流行的
a fashionable dressmaker 有錢人光顧的裁縫
a fashionable summer resort 時髦的避暑勝地
22.besides
(1) prep. 除了---之外還有---
There were three more visitors besides me. 除我之外，還有三位訪客。
Besides being a scholar, he was a famous writer. 他除了是位學者，還是位有名的作家。
Do you have any other books besides these?
除了這些書，你還有沒有其它的呢？
(2) 除了---之外（不再有），用于否定句，相當于except.
Nobody knows the truth besides him. 除他之外沒有人知道真相。
(3) adv. 而且，此外
She is still young and beautiful besides. 她仍然年輕而且漂亮。
It is too late to go now. Besides, it is beginning to rain.
現在出去太晚了，而且開始下雨了。
同步練習：
一、單項選擇：
1.The roof fell _____ he had time to rush out.
A. until B. before C. when D. since
2.We walked as fast as we could, _____ to catch the early train.
A. hoped B. having hoped C. for hoping D. hoping
3.Luckily, the bullet narrowly missed the captain _____ an inch.
A. by B. at C. to D. from
4.---We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.
---What do you think _____ to her?
A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. having happened
5.Beyond _____ stars, the astronauts saw nothing but _____ space.
A. the, / B. /, the C. /, / D. the, the
6.---Why haven’t you bought any butter?
---I ____ to, but I forgot about it.
A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected
7.---I must apologize ____ you know ahead of time.
---That’s all right.
A. for letting not B. for not letting C. to let D. not to let
8.Won’t you shut up? I think you ______.
A. were going too far B. had done wrong
C. did wrong D. are going too far
9.Hurry up! The train ______. You know it _____ at 8:30 am.
A. leaves, leaves B. is leaving, leaves
C. leaves, is leaving D. is leaving, is leaving
10.---Have a nice weekend!
---______.
A. The same to you
B. You do too
C. The same as you
D. You have it too
11.It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ____ to her mother.
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing
12.We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to _____ it. It might be valuable.
A. hold on to B. keep C. turn to D. look after
13.He was so ____ when he saw a _____ snake that he jumped _____.
A. frightened, frightened, in fright
B. frightened, frightening, with fright
C. frightening, frightening, in fright
D. frightening, frightened, with fright
14.The factory is ______ new techniques from abroad this year.
A. borrowing B. buying C. bringing D. introducing
15.---Let me introduce myself. I’m Robert.
---_____.
A. What a pleasure
B. It’s a pleasure
C. Pleased to meet you
D. I’m very pleased
二、單詞拼寫：
1.He was _________(營救) from imprisonment.
2.He had several __________(機會) to go abroad but her never took them.
3.They have done much to ________(推進) the cause of peace in the world.
4.I’ll _______(討論) this question with my friend.
5.He was ________(授予，頒發) the prize for being the fastest runner.
6.We were late, _______(因為) to the snow.
7.I can’t ________(花得起) time to go traveling.
8.I _______(收到) an invitation, but I didn’t accept it.
9.The cat was playing with a ______(活的) mouse.
10.It’s bad _______(禮貌，禮儀) to leave without saying goodbye.
11.Don’t ______(打擾) me while I’m busy.
12.His first speech as president made a strong ______(印象) on his audience.
13.Social _______(風俗) vary greatly from country to country.
14.The teacher has just ______(介紹) the new pupil to the rest of the class.
15.He _______(拆開) the letter and began to read it.
三、書面表達：
寫一篇100字左右的報道，報道一次火災事故。
起火時間：2004年2月15日上午11點20分。
起火地點：吉林省吉林市中百商廈。
起火原因：一員工將點燃的香煙掉落在庫房，引燃地上紙屑。
持續時間：至15點40分將火撲滅。
傷亡情況：死亡54人，受傷70人。
50多輛消防車和260多名消防官兵參加滅火，經濟損失巨大。
答案與分析：
一、
1.B 由題意“他還沒來得及跑出來，房頂就塌了”可知rush out 前就fell 了。
2.D 本題為doing做伴隨狀語，由題意“我們盡快趕路以期趕上早班車”可知hope動作與walk動作同時發生。
3.A 題意為“幸運的是，子彈差一英尺沒有射中上尉”，介詞by可以和表示尺寸、距離、時間等的數量詞連用，表示相差多少距離或增減的程度。
4.C 本題中do you think為插入語，去掉后就是what has happened to her?
5.A space作“太空”解時，前面通常不加冠詞，stars是復數名詞，表泛指時，前不加冠詞，表特指時，前加the.
6.C 本題通過語境考查詞義辨析，mean to do表示打算做，meant to do 常表示本打算做卻沒有做。
7.B apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.， doing 的否定形式為not doing。
8.D 根據語境可知說話者是指說話時正在進行的動作，強調動作的過程，并含有不滿的情緒，因此用現在進行時，意思為“你跑題了”。
9.B 第一空用現在進行時表示即將發生的動作，第二空用一般現在時表示按時間表安排的動作。
10.A 回答表示祝愿的交際用語時用the same to you .
11.A stand close to sb. 靠近某人站著，closely常表示抽象含義，意為“密切地，接近地”。
12.A hold on to意為“留著不賣，不放棄”。
13.B 表示“由于某事而害怕”用frightened, 表示“令人害怕的”用frightening, in fright “驚恐地”，with fright “由于害怕”。
14.D introduce表示“引進，采用”，短語可用bring in.
15.C 在別人初次作自我介紹后，一般以Pleased/Glad to meet/see you等作答。
二、
1.rescued 2.opportunities 3.advance 4.discuss 5.awarded
6.owing 7.afford 8.received 9.live 10.manners
11.disturb 12.impression 13.customs 14.introduced 15.unfolded
三、
（1）確定時態：一般過去時
（2）新聞報道的開頭應先用一兩句話講明時間、地點及事件。
（3）注意換用不同句式表達，以避免重復。
A Fire Accident
A big fire broke out in Zhongbai Department Store of Jilin City of Jilin Province on February 15th,2004.
The fire started at 11:20 in the morning and lasted more than four hours before it was at last put out at 3:40pm by 260 firemen as well as 50 fire engines. Fifty-four people were killed and more than seventy got injured in the fire. And the damage was uncountable. It is said that a worker dropped a burning cigarette end on the floor of the warehouse, which caused the fire to spread.