倒裝可分為完全倒裝、部分倒裝和其他倒裝。

一．完全倒裝：將謂語動詞直接提到主語前 。常見情況有：

1． 以here, there 或out , in, up, down, away等詞開頭的句子里以示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

There goes the bell.

Here comes the bus.

Out rushed the children.

Away went the boy.

注意：但主語是人稱代詞時，主語語序不變。

Here it is.

Away he went.

2．地點狀語放句首

South of the river lies a small factory.

From the valley came a frightening sound.

3. such, the following 放句首時

Such are the facts. Such is life.

The following is the answer to the question.

4.There be/stand/live/exist +n.

There stands a big tree in front of the house.

二．部分倒裝：將情動、助動、系動提到主語前。常見情況有：

1． Only修飾的副詞，介詞短語或狀語從句放在句首時。

Only then did I realize that I was wrong.

Only in this way can you learn from your mistakes

Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.

注意：下面情況不倒裝：

Only the teachers are allowed to use this room.

Only five men were hurt in the accident.

2.含有否定意義的副詞或連詞， 如：hardly, never, not, not only, little , neither…nor…, not until…,no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, seldom (Often), by no means等放在句首時。

Never shall I forget it.

Never before have I seen such a film.

Not a single mistake did he make. (他一點錯也沒出 )

Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started

Not only was everything he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.

Nowhere in the world can there be such a quiet and beautiful place.

Little does he care about what others think.

Often did we warn them not to do so.

By no means will this method be satisfactory.

3.把副詞 so/neither/nor 放在句首，表示前面所說的情況，也適合于另一人或物。 肯定句用so,否定句用neither/nor, 句式如下：

So + be ( have, 助動詞或情態(tài)動詞) + 主語。

否定形式： neither (nor) + be ( have, 助動詞或情態(tài)動詞) + 主語。

He likes rice very well. So do I.

I have never been there, and neither has he.

4. 表祝愿。

May you succeed!

Long live our friendship!

5. 省略if 時，將had, should, were 提到主語前

Had I known it, I wouldn’t have done it.

Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.

Were I at school again, I would study harder.

三．其他倒裝。

1． 表語置于句首時，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為 “表語 + 連系動詞 + 主語”

Present at the party were Mr green and many other guests.

Seated on the ground are a group of young men.

Gone are the days when we used the “foreign oil”.

So frightened was he that he didn’t dear to move.

So loudly do the students read their lessons that people can hear them out in the street.

2. as: 盡管 句式：（1） 表語/狀語+ as + 主語+ 系動/實動，主句。

（2）動原 +as + 主語+ will/may ， 主句。

Child as he is, he knows much English. (表語為名詞時省冠詞)

Much as he loves his son, he is strict with him.

Try as he might, he failed again.

3. No matter how/However + adj./adv.+主語+ 謂語， 主句。

However/No matter how late it is, she often waits for him.

四．鞏固練習(xí)

1. ______ to rain tomorrow , they would put off the meeting.

A. If it should B. If were it C. Should it D. were it

2. ______ got into the room ______ the telephone rang.

A. No sooner had he, when B. He hardly had, then

C. Hardly had he, when D. He hardly had, then

3. ______ find out what had happened.

A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to

C. Not until did he wake up he D. Not until he woke up did he .

4. Little ______ about his own health though he was very ill.

A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did he care

5. Early in the day ______ the news ______ the enemy were gone.

A. come, that B. came , that C. comes ,that D. came , what

6. Not only ______ strict with us, but also ______ for us.

A. was the teacher ; did he care B. was the teacher ; he cared

C. the teacher was ; did he care D. the teacher was ; did he care

7. ______, he knows a lot of English .

A. Child as he is B. As he is a Child

C. A child as he is D. Child though he was

8. ______ the cat , she has to give it to the neighbor.

A. As she likes much B. As she much likes

C. Much as she likes D. As much she likes

9. Be quick! ______.

A. Here comes the bus B. The bus here comes

C. The bus come here D. Here the bus comes

10. If you want to go there, ______.

A. so will I B. so I will C. I will so D. so do I

11. In front of the farmhouse ______.

A. does a small boy sit B. did a small boy sit

C. sit a small boy D. sat a small boy

12. Scarcely ______ down when ______ a knock at the door.

A. had he sat ; did he hear B. he had sat ; did he hear

C. he had sat ; he heard D. had he sat ; he heard

13. Here ______. A. does he come B. he comes C, comes he D. he come

14. Only ______ that.

A. can a doctor do B. a doctor can do C. can do a doctor D. can a doctor does

15. Not even once ______ a lie.

A. has Mike told B. Mike has told C. had Mike told D. Mike had told

16. Up ______ into the air.

A. went the arrow B. the arrow went C. did the arrow go D. does the arrow go

17. Not for a moment ______ what he said.

A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe

18. Under the big tree ______ of seven years old.

A. sat a little girl B. did a little girl sat C. a little girl D. a little girl sat

19. In ______ and the students stood up.

A. the teacher comes B. the teacher coming

C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come

20. No sooner ______ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong.

A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did he

21. Nowhere else in the world ______ a place so beautiful.

A. you can find B . find you C. can you find D. do you find

22. "Your ticket, Please?" " ______."

A. Here you are B. Here are you C. You are here D. I give you it

23. Hardly ______ the house, when he was caught.

A. the thief had entered B. entered the thief

C. had the thief entered D. was the thief entering

24. Seldom ______ late ______ the meeting room.

A. does he come; to B. comes he; for C. does he; for D. comes he; to

25. Never before ______ such a good film ______ "007."

A. have I seen ; as B. I have seen; like C. had I seen; like D. I have seen; as

26. The girl likes singing and dancing. ______.

A. So she does B. So is she C. So am I D. So she can

27. Never ______ early in the morning.

A. he gets up . B. gets up he C. does he get up D. up he gets

28. So loudly ______ that every people in the next room could hear him.

A. did he speak B. he spoke C. did speak he D. he speaks

29. On the river bank, ______ where he once lived.

A. stand a house B. a house stand C. does a house stand D. stands a house

30. I won't go, ______.

A. any of my classmates will go nor . B. nor will not any of my classmates

C. nor will any of my classmates D. nor do any of my classmates

31. Only in a socialist country ______ the people's interests.

A. science can serve B. does science can serve

C. can science serve D. can serve science for

32. Rarely ______ a bike like that nowadays.

A. we see B. see we C. do see we D. do we see

33. No longer ______ to be a member of this club.

A. is he fit B. he is fit C. he fit D. fit he

34. Little ______ that the police are about to arrest him.

A. do he know B. does he know C. he knows D. he know

35. ___from the hill.

A. Down ran the child B. Ran down the child C. Down ran he. D. The child down ran.

36. So funny did he look ____everyone stared at him.

A. and B. at that C. that D. so that

37. ____ I like it, I'll not buy it A. As much B. As C. Much as D. As much as

38. Try as they would, ___ find nothing.

A. could they B. they C. they could D. can they

39. Brave ___ he is, he trembled at the sight of a snake.

A. man as B. man though C. a man though D. a man as

40. Out ____, gun in hand A. he rushed B. rushed he C. did he rush D. did rush he

41.John's not been to London. .

A. Ben isn't either B. Neither is Ben C. Nor Ben has D. Neither has Ben

42.The doctor asked Charlie to breathe deeply. .

A. Charlie does so B. Charlie did so C. So does Charlie D. So did Charlie

43. ,he does not know the answer.

A. As Mr. Smith is a teacher B. As Mr. Smith is teacher

C.A teacher as Mr. Smith is D. Teacher as Mr. Smith is

44. so busy, I should go with you.

A. Were I not B. Was I not C. If I am not D.I were not

45. happy.

A. You may be B. May you be C. Be you may D. May be you

46.The students have learned a lot from the workers and .

A. so the teachers have B. have the teachers so

C. so have the teachers D. have so the teachers

五、選擇翻譯正確的句子

47.直到天黑了那些孩子們才意識到太晚回不了家了。

A. Not until dark did the boys realize it was too late to return home.

B. Not until dark the boys realized it was too late to return home.

C. Until dark the boys realized it was too late to return home.

48.直到她摘下了墨鏡,我才看出來她是著名影星。

A. It was not until did she take off her dark glasses that did I realize she was a famous film star.

B. It was not until she took off her dark glasses that did I realize she was a famous film star.

C. Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.

49.我剛合上眼,電話鈴就響了。

A. Hardly had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.

B. No sooner I had closed my eyes than the phone rang.

C. No sooner had I closed my eyes than the phone rang.

50.雖然她是一個婦女,但她能做那件事。

A.A woman as she is, she is able to do that.

B. Woman as she is, she is able to do that.

C. As she is a woman, she is able to do that.

51.他雖然努力了,但考試未能及格。

A. As he tried hard, he did not pass the examination.

B. Hard although he tried, he did not pass the examination.

C. Hard as he tried, he did not pass the examination.

52.我不但去過杭州市,而且我在那兒度過了我的童年。

A. Not only have I been to the city of Hangzhou, but(also) I spent my childhood there.

B. Not only I have been to the city of HangZhou, but(also) did I spend my childhood there.

C. Not only I have been to the city of HangZhou, but(also) I spent my childhood there.

53.只有下課了,他才能和他的朋友們一起踢足球。

A. Only when the class was over was he able to play football with his friends.

B. Only when the class was over he was able to play football with his friends.

C. Only when was the class over he was able to play football with his friends.

54.他是一個美國人,不會說漢語.他的妻子也是美國人,她也不會說漢語。

A. He is American and he can't speak Chinese. So is his wife.

B. He is American and he can't speak Chinese. So it is with his wife.

C. He is American and he can't speak Chinese Neither can his wife.

55.“你喜歡唱歌。” “我確實喜歡。”

A.“You like singing.” “So I do.”

B.“You like singing.” “So do I.”

C.“You like singing.” “I do so.”

56.只有他會說日語。

A. Only he can speak Japanese.

B. Only can he speak Japanese.

C. Only can speak he Japanese.

六．參考答案：

1-5 DCDDB 6-10 BACAA 11-15 DDBBA

16-20 ABACC 21-25 CACAA 26-30ACADC

31-35 CDABA 36-40 CCCAA 41-46 DBDABC

47-56ACCBCAABAA