知識梳理
Ⅰ.網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建
詞匯 單詞 suggestion *instrument perform *characteristic character contain spread variety universal record satisfy desire *emotion *process express *entertain treat literature *comedy local exhibition power *magic series forehead *miserable habit whisper stupid announcement
詞組 in common turn...into a world of on the other hand at the same time agree with in trouble come across believe in turn around make friends with
語法 復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài) 復(fù)習(xí)定語從句
Ⅱ.重點精講
●重點單詞
1.suggest v.
suggestion n.
例句集錦
May I suggest a white wine with this dish,sir?
先生，吃這道菜，我給你推薦一種白葡萄酒，好嗎？
He suggested setting out at once.
他建議馬上動身。
Did he suggest what to do next?
他建議下一步干什么了嗎？
We all suggested that he（should）be taken to hospital as soon as possible.
我們都建議盡快把他送到醫(yī)院去。
The doctor suggested that I not work any longer.
醫(yī)生建議我不能再工作了。
It has been suggested that bright children take their exams early.
有人提議天資好的孩子提前考試。
Who would you suggest for the job?
要你說，誰適合做這個工作？
The pale face suggested that she was ill.
她臉色蒼白，這表明她病了。
All the evidence suggests that he stole the money.
所有證據(jù)都表明是他偷了錢。
I’d like to hear your suggestions for ways of raising money.
關(guān)于籌集資金的辦法，我想聽聽你的意見。
He agreed with my suggestion that we should change the date.
他同意我提出的更改日期的建議。
His suggestion was that the match（should）be put off.
他的建議是比賽延期。
用法歸納
*suggest的主要義項有：（1）建議，提議；（2）推薦，舉薦；（3）使人聯(lián)想到；表明；暗示。常見搭配為：（1）+名詞；（2）+動名詞；（3）+that從句。
*suggestion的主要義項有：提議；建議；跡象
特別提示
（1）suggest作“建議”講，后接賓語從句時，從句中用should do，should可省略。
（2）suggest作“表明、暗示”講，后接賓語從句時，從句中的時態(tài)應(yīng)視情況而定，不用虛擬語氣。
（3）suggestion作“建議”講時，其后無論跟表語從句還是同位語從句，從句中都應(yīng)用should do，should可省略。
2.spread
例句集錦
v.
Sue spread the map out on the floor.
蘇在地板上攤開地圖。
She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.
她張開雙臂，孩子向她跑來。
The disease is spread by mosquitoes.
這種疾病是通過蚊子傳播的。
Within weeks,his confidence had spread throughout the team.
短短幾個星期，他的信心感染了全體隊員。
The fire rapidly spread to adjoining buildings.
大火迅速蔓延到鄰近的建筑物。
n.
Shut doors to delay the spread of fire.
把門關(guān)上以延緩火勢的蔓延。
Thousands of people were closed off to prevent the spread of the disease.
數(shù)千人被隔離以防止疾病的傳播。
用法歸納
*spread可以用作動詞和名詞。主要義項有：展開；打開；攤開；傳播；散布；蔓延。
3.satisfy
例句集錦
Nothing satisfies him-he’s always complaining.
什么都難如他的意--他老在抱怨。
The proposed plan will not satisfy everyone.
提議中的計劃不會讓所有人都滿意。
The education system must satisfy the needs of all children.
教育系統(tǒng)必須滿足所有兒童的需要。
She failed to satisfy all the requirements for entry to the college.
她沒有達到進入那所學(xué)院的全部要求。
Her explanation did not satisfy the teacher.
她的解釋沒有讓老師信服。
Once I had satisfied myself that it was the right decision,we went ahead.
一旦我自己確信這個決定是正確的，我們便動手干了起來。
用法歸納
*satisfy的主要義項有：使?jié)M意；使?jié)M足；滿足（要求、需要等）；向（某人）證實；確信。
4.desire
例句集錦
v.
We all desire health and happiness.
我們都渴望健康和幸福。
The house had everything you could desire.
這房子里你要什么有什么。
The medicine did not achieve the desired effect.
這種藥沒達到預(yù)期的效果。
Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country.
想住在這個國家北方的人就更少了。
n.
She felt an overwhelming desire to return home.
她感到想回家的愿望難以遏制。
I have no desire（=I don’t want） to discuss the matter further.
我不想再談此事。
He has expressed a desire to see you.
他表示想見見你。
When she agreed to marry him he felt he had achieved his heart’s desire.
當(dāng)她答應(yīng)嫁給他時，他感到終于隨心所愿。
用法歸納
*desire可以用作動詞和名詞。作動詞時，主要義項有：渴望；期望。作名詞時，主要義項有：愿望；欲望；渴望；渴望的人；渴望的事物。
5.treat
例句集錦
v.
Treat your keyboard with care and it should last for years.
小心使用你的鍵盤，這樣你可以使用很多年。
My parents still treat me like a child.
父母仍然把我當(dāng)成孩子。
He was treated as a hero on his release from prison.
他獲釋出獄時被當(dāng)成英雄看待。
She was treated for sunstroke.
她因中暑而接受治療。
n.
We took the kids to the zoo as a special treat.
作為特別的消遣，我們帶孩子到動物園去。
When I was young,chocolate was a treat.
我年輕的時候，吃巧克力是一種難得的享受。
Let’s go out for lunch-my treat.
咱們到外面去吃午餐，我請客。
用法歸納
*treat可以用作動詞和名詞。動詞的主要義項有：以……態(tài)度對待；以……方式對待；醫(yī)療；醫(yī)治；治療。名詞的主要義項有：樂趣；樂事；款待。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）treat sth.as sth.把……看作；把……視為
I decided to treat his remark as a joke.
我決定把他的話當(dāng)作戲言。
（2）treat sb./oneself to sth.招待；款待；請（客）；買（可享受的東西）。
She treated him to lunch.她請他吃午飯。
Don’t worry about the cost-I’ll treat you.
別擔(dān)心費用，我來替你付。
I’m going to treat myself to a new pair of shoes.
我打算給自己買雙新鞋。
（3）a treat 極為有效；棒極了
His idea worked a treat（=was successful）.
他的主意極為奏效。
6.habit 習(xí)慣
例句集錦
You need to change your eating habits.
你得改變你的飲食習(xí)慣。 It’s all right to borrow money occasionally,but don’t let it become a habit.
偶爾借點錢沒關(guān)系，但不要養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）be in the/a habit of=have the/a habit of 有……的習(xí)慣（或脾氣）
I’m not in the habit of letting strangers into my apartment.
我不習(xí)慣讓陌生人進我家。
（2）get/fall into the/a habit of 養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣
I’ve got into the habit of turning on TV as soon as I get home.
我習(xí)慣了一回家就打開電視。
（3）break/get out of the/a habit of戒除……的習(xí)慣
I’m trying to break the habit of staying up too late.
我正試圖改掉熬夜的習(xí)慣。
●重點短語
1.in common共用；公有
例句集錦
They hold the poverty as tenants in common.
作為共同租賃人，他們共同占用這份房地產(chǎn)。
Real friends should have everything in common.
真正的朋友應(yīng)該共同擁有一切。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）have sth.in common（with sb.）（想法、興趣等方面）相同
Jane and I have nothing in common./I have nothing in common with Jane.
我與簡毫無共同之處。
（2）have sth.in common（with sth.）（東西、地方等）有相同的特征（或特點）
The two cultures have a lot in common.
這兩種文化有許多相同之處。
（3）in common with sb./sth.與……相同
In common with many people,he prefers classical music to pop.
像很多人一樣，他喜歡古典音樂而不喜歡流行音樂。
2.ask sb.for advice 向某人征求建議
Can I ask you for some advice on reading?
我能向你征求有關(guān)閱讀的建議嗎？
相關(guān)歸納
（1）give advice 提出建議
He gave us several pieces of advice.
他給我們提了幾條建議。
（2）take（accept,follow）one’s advice接受某人的建議
He often asks me for advice but sometimes when I give him advice,he won’t accept/follow my advice.
他經(jīng)常向我征求意見，但是當(dāng)我給他提建議時，他又不愿意接受。
3.in trouble處于不幸、苦惱、困境中；有麻煩
例句集錦
He is always ready to help anyone who is in trouble.
他總是樂于幫助有麻煩的人。
If I don’t get this finished in time,I’ll be in trouble.
我如不按時把這完成就要倒霉了。
He is in trouble with the police.
他犯事落入警察手里。
His friends help him when he is in trouble.
當(dāng)他遇到麻煩事時，他的朋友會幫助他。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）get into trouble遇到麻煩；出事
A yachtsman got into trouble off the coast and had to be rescued.
一個駕駛帆船的人在海上遇險需要救援。
（2）take the trouble to do sth.不辭辛勞地做；不厭其煩地做
She didn’t even take the trouble to find out how to spell my name.
她嫌麻煩，甚至連我的姓名如何拼寫都不想搞清楚。
4.come across
（1）+sb./sth.（偶然）遇見，碰見，發(fā)現(xiàn)
（2）被理解，被弄懂，給人以……印象，使產(chǎn)生……印象
例句集錦
I came across children sleeping under bridge.
我偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)睡在橋下的孩子。
She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
她在抽屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊照片。
He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across.
他講了很久，但并沒有人真正理解他的意思。
She comes across well in interviews.
她在面試中常給人留下很好的印象。
5.used to do（用于表示過去持續(xù)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事）曾經(jīng)；過去常常
例句集錦
Harry also learns to be brave and to do things he used to be afraid of.
哈利也變得大膽了，敢于做過去不敢做的事。
When I worked on a farm,I used to get up at 5 a.m.
我在農(nóng)場勞動時，總是早上五點起床。
We used to go sailing on the lake in summer.
從前的夏天，我們經(jīng)常泛舟湖上。
I didn’t use to like him much when we were at school.
以前我們同學(xué)時，我并不太喜歡他。
You used to see a lot of her,didn’t you?
你過去常見到她，是嗎？
相關(guān)歸納
（1）be/get used to sth./doing sth.習(xí)慣于某事（做某事）
I used to get up late,but now I am used to getting up early.
我曾經(jīng)起床很晚，但現(xiàn)在已習(xí)慣早起了。
I found the job tiring at first but I soon got used to it.
起初我覺得這工作很累人，但很快就習(xí)慣了。
（2）be used to do sth.被用來做……
Pieces of the palaces that had been hidden before the Nazis came could be used to rebuild the city and its culture.
在納粹分子來之前藏起來的宮殿里的一件件的物品可以用來重建這座城市和文化古跡。
●必背句型
1.even if/though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句
教材原句
Can you enjoy music from other parts of the world even if you don’t understand the words?
即使你不明白歌詞的意思，你也能欣賞世界其他地方的音樂嗎？
特別提示
（1）只能說even though，不可說even although。
（2）在even if /though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
補充例句
I’ll get there even though I have to walk.
我就是走也要走到那里去。
Even if he is very nice,I don’t really trust him.
盡管他很好，我并不真正信任他。
I’ll help you,even if I don’t sleep for night.
即使我一夜不睡，我也要幫你。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）even so盡管如此；即使這樣
He is a very nice person.Even so,I don’t really trust him.
他是一個非常好的人，即使這樣，我也不真正信任他。
（2）even now/then甚至到現(xiàn)在（或那時）；即使是這樣（或那樣）
I’ve shown him the photographs but even now he won’t believe me.
我把照片給他看了，即使是這樣他仍然不相信我。
Even then she would not admit her mistake.
甚至到那時她還是不肯認錯。
2.while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句
教材原句
He wrote this song while he was fishing.
他釣魚的時候?qū)懙倪@首歌。
特別提示
（1）注意while的不同含義：①表示時間，意思是“當(dāng)……時；在……同時”；②表示讓步，意思是“雖然；盡管”；③表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比，意思是“然而；但”。
（2）注意while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的時態(tài)：用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。
補充例句
He fell asleep while（he was）doing his homework.
他做作業(yè)時睡著了。
While there is life,there is hope.（=As long as there is life,there is hope.）
留得青山在，不怕沒柴燒。
While I understand your opinion,I don’t agree with you.
雖然我理解你的觀點，但我并不同意你的意見。
He observed that feathers fell to the ground slowly,while stones fell much faster.
他注意到羽毛落地緩慢，而石頭落地要快得多。
While it’s winter here in our country right now,it’s summer in South Africa.
雖然我們這兒現(xiàn)在是冬天，而南非卻是夏天。
You should keep silent while I am writing.
我寫作時你不應(yīng)該說話。
3.部分否定句
教材原句
He knew that the church had many secret rooms and that not all of them were safe.
他知道教堂里有很多密室，而且并不是所有的密室都安全。
特別提示
如果句中使用了all，both，every，再使用否定詞not，無論not出現(xiàn)在何處，該句都應(yīng)視為部分否定句，譯成“并不是……”。
補充例句
Not all of us agree with him.
=We don’t all agree with him.
我們并不是都同意他的觀點。
Not every student passed the exam.
=Every student didn’t pass the exam.
并不是每一個學(xué)生考試都及格了。
Not both of them are students.
=Both of them are not students.
他們倆并不都是學(xué)生。
相關(guān)歸納
全部否定句
特別提示
表示全部否定時，三者或三者以上用none；兩者用neither。
None of us agreed with him.
我們都不同意他的觀點。
None of the students passed the exam.
學(xué)生考試都沒及格。 Neither of them are students.
他們倆都不是學(xué)生。
4.含有if only的句子
教材原句
If only they could find a way to get to the room,or whatever it was,behind the wall.
他們要是能夠找到一條通道進入墻壁后面的那個房間，或無論什么地方，該有多好!
特別提示
if only后常接過去時或過去完成時，表達強烈的愿望或遺憾。
補充例句
If only you hadn’t told Jackie what I said,everything would have been all right.
要是你沒把我的話告訴杰克就好了，那樣就不會出什么問題了。
If only I were rich.但愿我很富有。
If only he’d remembered to send that letter.
要是他沒忘記發(fā)那封信就好了。
If only he would listen to reason!
他要是能聽得進道理就好了。
相關(guān)歸納
（1）only if只有
Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room.
學(xué)生只有得到老師的許可才能離開教室。
Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees.
只有紅燈閃亮?xí)r才有危及職工的險情。
特別提示
only if引導(dǎo)的從句放在句首時，主句采用部分倒裝語序。
（2）if not不然；要不
I’ll go if you’re going.If not（=if you don’t go）,I’d rather stay at home.
你去我就去，不然的話，我寧愿待在家里。
Do you want that cake?If not,I’ll have it.
你要那塊蛋糕嗎？不然我就要了。
（3）if so
Have you got a free evening next week?If so（=if you have）,let’s have dinner.
下周你哪一個晚上有空？如果沒事，我們?nèi)コ砸活D。
特別提示
該短語經(jīng)常用來代替完整的句子，譯法較活。
（4）but for若不是，要不是
But for your help,we wouldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.
要不是有你的幫助，我們就不會提前完成工作。
特別提示
but for等于if it were not for...； if it hadn’t been for...所在的句子常用虛擬語氣。
5.when引導(dǎo)的句子
教材原句
He was about to say something when Pete turned around.
他正要說點什么，皮特突然轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
特別提示
when作連詞時，主要義項有：（1） 在那時，突然……；（2） 當(dāng)……時候；（3） 剛（一）……就……；（4） 如果（同if）；（5） 可是，雖然；（6） 既然（同since）
補充例句
He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the shoulder.
他正要告訴我那個秘密，這時有人拍拍他的肩膀。
I’ll go to see you when you come back.
你回來時我去看你。
I had hardly left home when it began to rain.
我剛離開家，天就下雨了。
Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.
如果機器有什么問題，請馬上給我打電話。
She usually walks when she might ride.
雖然她可以坐車，但她通常步行。
Why did you write with a pencil when you know you should write in ink？
既然你知道應(yīng)該用鋼筆寫，為什么你還用鉛筆寫？
疑難突破
1.believe,believe in
believe表示“相信某件事情或某人的話”。
believe in sb./sth.表示“相信某人或某物的存在”或“信賴；信任；相信某人會成功”。
應(yīng)用
（1）Do you ______God?
（2）They need a leader they can ______.
（3）You can ______ him this time but you’d better not ______him.
（4）Don’t you ______what I say?=Don’t you ______me?
答案：（1）believe in （2）believe in （3）believe,believe in （4）believe,believe
2.at one time,at times,at all times,at a time,at no time,at the same time,for a time
（1）at one time（=once）意為“從前、曾經(jīng)”。
（2）at times（=sometimes）意為“有時、間或”。
（3）at all times（=always）意為“一直、隨時”。
（4）at a time（=each time）意為“一次、每次”。
（5）at no time意為“在任何時候都不、絕不”。
（6）at the same time意為“同時”。
（7）for a time意為“一度、一段時間”,相當(dāng)于for some time。
應(yīng)用
（1）In class you should listen to your teacher ______not ______.
（2）We were good friends ______,but aren’t now.
（3）Please give me two books ______.
（4）We couldn’t say who came earlier.They almost arrived ______.
（5）You should ______waste your time playing computer games.
（6）He was a professor of a university in Beijing ______.Now he studies in America.
答案：（1）at all times,at times （2）at one time （3）at a time （4）at the same time
（5）at no time （6）for a time
3.power,strength,force
這三個詞都有“力量”之意。
power用法最廣，用于各種身的、心的、隱藏的、外顯的力量，也可指事物的某種作用力或動力。
strength指內(nèi)部的能力，是身體組織內(nèi)存在的體力。
force指運用或發(fā)揮出來的外在的、活動的力，含有克服阻力而使人或物按要求的方向運動之意。
應(yīng)用
（1）Knowledge is ______.
（2）The boy lifted the stone with all his ______.
（3）She doesn’t have enough ______to walk upstairs.
（4）Carrying this baggage requires a lot of ______.
（5）The ______ of the wind knocked over a tree.
答案：（1）power （2）strength （3）strength （4）power （5）force
典例剖析
【例1】 （2004年上海，38）Jasmine was holidaying with her family in wildlife park ______ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
A.when B.while C.since D.once
剖析：全句意思為：“Jasmine與家人正在野生公園度假，這時她的腿被獅子咬了。”when有“在那時，突然……”之意，故選A。參見“必背句型5”。
答案：A
【例2】 （2004年江蘇，23）______ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.
A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless
剖析：本題考查從屬連詞的用法。從題干內(nèi)容看，主句和從句之間存在讓步關(guān)系，而連詞while含有“雖然，雖則”之意，故選A項。全句意思為：“雖然我承認他不是個完美的人，但事實上我的確喜歡這個人。”參見“必背句型2”。
答案：A
【例3】 （2004年天津，24）When he left ______ college,he got a job as ______ reporter in a newspaper office.
A./；a B./；the C.a；the D.the；the
剖析：leave college/school 意為“離校，畢業(yè)或肄業(yè) ”，get a job as a/an+n.意為“找到一份干……的工作”。
比較：Elvis left school and became a truck driver.艾爾維斯畢業(yè)后當(dāng)了一名卡車司機。
答案：A
【例4】 （2004年湖北，28）______ with the size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.
A.Compare B.When comparing C.Comparing D.When compared
剖析：本題考查分詞的用法。句子主語ocean與compare之間存在被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。When compared=When the biggest ocean is compared with...。
答案：D
補充：
【例1】 （2004年浙江，31）______ modeling business is by no means easy to get into,the good model will always be in demand.
A.While B.Since C.As D.If
剖析：全句意思為：雖然模特行業(yè)不容易進入，但優(yōu)秀的模特總是哪里都需要。
答案：A
【例2】 （2002年上海,31）Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A.with him B.who C.with whom D.whom
剖析： 本題結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜：Alec asked the policeman to contact him為主句；______he worked為定語從句，修飾policeman。首先排除A項，因為him不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。依據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞work的搭配習(xí)慣，排除B、D兩項，因為“與……一同工作”用work with。
答案：C