教學(xué)目標(biāo)
掌握Unit 12詞匯及詞性變化
教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)
掌握課文中的重點(diǎn)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)、用法
Unit 12 Art and literature
literature n. 文學(xué)
literate adj. 受過教育的，識(shí)字的
illiterate adj. 未受過教育的，文盲
comedy n. 喜劇
comedic adj. 喜劇性的
tragedy n. 悲劇
tragic adj. 悲劇的
local adj. 當(dāng)?shù)氐?/p>
location n. 方位，位置
locate v. 尋找，位于，放置
I want to locate the city on the map.
This factory locates in the countryside.
power n. 力量，能量，權(quán)力
The power is out.
electric power
come into power
trick n. 花招，把戲
play tricks on
tricky adj. 有花樣的，巧妙的，復(fù)雜的
series n. 系列
a series of
miserable adj. 悲慘的
misery n. 悲慘，苦難
come across
come about
come out
believe與believe in
I don’t believe him/what he says.
I don’t trust/ believe in him.
habit n. 習(xí)慣
fall into/ form a habit of doing
fall/ get out of a habit of doing
stupid , foolish , silly
stupid 笨，愚蠢，多用于對(duì)人表示不滿時(shí)
foolish與stupid相近
silly指“天真，可愛”，My silly child! 我的傻孩子！
課文重難點(diǎn)：
P80 READING
It is a world of magic and wonders, a world where anything can happen.
of在此處是“full of”之意，再如：a distance of 10 m；后面是一個(gè)world的定語從句。
…, and much of what happens is strange.
名詞性從句
…a boy with a scar on his forehead.
with的賓補(bǔ)，注意，英語中，介詞with有賓補(bǔ)，
如：with sb. doing
with sb. done
with sb. prep. + n.
with sb. adj.
with sb. adv.
Harry seems like a normal boy…
seem與look充當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞時(shí)的用法稍有差異，
注意：seem/ look like/ adj./ as if但seem that/to do為seem獨(dú)有
…an unusual school where the students learn about magic.
School的定語從句
Harry learns more than magic in Hogwart.
more than的用法
如：He is more than a teacher to us.
He hates him more than likes him.
Harry also learns to be brave and to do things he used to be afraid of.
things的定語從句。后面省略了that。
You must believe in what you do and who you are if you want to succeed in the world.
believe in詞組，“信任”，后面的賓語是兩個(gè)賓語從句。
Where somebody is born and what a person looks like is not as important as what she or he grows up to be.
注意本句的翻譯，“一個(gè)人的出生地和長相與他/她將來做什么并無太大關(guān)系。”
P83 INTEGRATING SKILLS
…it was as if the creature was watching them.
as if引導(dǎo)的表語從句。還可以用在look，seem，sound等其他系動(dòng)詞后面引導(dǎo)表語從句。
If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.
if only“但愿”，“如果…該多好”，后面引導(dǎo)一種虛擬語氣，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)
如：If only he could be here.
If only I could go abroad.
It says on the statue that anyone who wants to enter the room must answer the question.
這里的say/ read表示“…寫著…”，前面的it指代后面的that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。
P154 WORKBOOK
Some stories are told as if they were true.
as if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，后面用的是虛擬語氣，即用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。
They have characters and creatures that are very different from us and do things that would be impossible for us.
此句中的character譯為“人物”。
…we do much more than simply look at words on a page.
more than的用法
We help the writer by pretending that what we read is like real life.
pretend的用法。他的主要詞組有pretend to do與pretend that…
We pick up a book and lose ourselves in a good story, eager to find out what will happen next.
lose oneself in…或be /get lost in…，后面的eager做伴隨狀語。
Knowing how we feel when we read can help us become…
動(dòng)名詞詞組做主語
【典型例題】
[例1] -Don’t forget to return the dictionary to the library .
-______ .
A. I don’t B. I won’t C. I can’t D. I haven’t
（答案為B，本題受 Don’t forget 的誤導(dǎo)，常誤選A。英語中的祈使句通常表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以答語中的“我忘不了”實(shí)際上是“我(將)不會(huì)忘記”）
[例2] -I wonder if your sister will go to the concert .
-If your sister does , so ____ mine .
A. is B. do C. does D. will
（答案為D，本題受 If you sister does 中 does 的誤導(dǎo)，常常誤選C。由于條件狀語從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，所以題中的 If your sister does 中的 does 實(shí)際上等于will go to the concert , 所以“我妹妹也去”應(yīng)該是“Mine will go , too . ”）
[例3] You should throw the old newspaper into ____ basket .
A. a paper B. paper C. papers D. the papers
（答案為A，通常，paper 表示“紙”，是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不帶a，受其誤導(dǎo)，誤選B。但本題講的是要將舊報(bào)紙扔進(jìn)紙簍。“紙”雖不可數(shù)，但“紙簍”是可數(shù)名詞）
[例4] Jenny ____ have kept her word . I wonder why she changed her mind .
A. could B. might not C. should D. would not
（答案為C，題中的 I wonder why she changed her mind 一句雖為遲到的信息，但它說明 she changed her mind，也就是 she didn’t keep her word，據(jù)此可推斷正確答案是C）
[例5] -He promised to come to see you .
-But he ____. I've been alone .
A. doesn’t B. didn’t C . won’t D . hasn’t
（答案為D，本題若只注意到He promised 而忽略 I’ve been alone 這一“遲到的信息”，就會(huì)誤選答案B。I’ve been alone 這一句表明，be 不僅過去沒來，而且現(xiàn)在仍沒來，所以正確答案是D）
[例6] -Didn’t you watch the football match yesterday ?
-____ . I would like to have seen it .
A. Yes , I did B . No, I didn’t C . Yes, I didn’t D . No, I did
（答案為B，解答本題必須重視 I would like to have seen it 這一“遲到的信息”，它相當(dāng)于 I had wanted to see it , 意為“我本想觀看它”，可見實(shí)際上我沒看足球賽，因此正確答案是B）
[例7] She spent as much time as she could ____ over her lessons .
A. go B. to go C. going D. went
（答案為C，本題若抓不住 She spent much time ____ over her lessons 這個(gè)主題，就排除不了 as much…as she could 這個(gè)次要信息，就會(huì)誤選A。由主體句可知，正確答案是C。）
[例8] He hasn't come yet . What do you consider ____ to him ?
A. happens B. has happened C. happening D. to happen
（答案為B，本題要清楚do you consider 是插入語）
[例9] So far this is the best way I've thought of ____ this problem .
A. settling B. to settle C. by setting D. having settled
（答案為B，本題的主體是 this is the best way ____ this problem。I’ve thought of 是修飾 way 的定語從句，不影響主體句的答案的選擇。）
[例10] I’m busy now . I’m sorry I can’t help ____ the flowers .
A. to water B. watering C. watered D. waters
（答案為A，本題易誤選答案B，本題中 help 為“幫助”之意，后面應(yīng)用不定式可省略to作賓語）
[例11] Put the book in the same place ____ you found it .
A. as B. that C. which D. where
（答案為D，本題易誤選答案A或B，因?yàn)?the same…as 和 the same…that 經(jīng)常被強(qiáng)調(diào)，而實(shí)際上 the same 修飾名詞后除可接 as 或 that 外，還可以接 where , who 等引導(dǎo)的定語從句。分析一下題干，不難看出本題應(yīng)用 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句，因?yàn)樗O(shè)空白在從句中作狀語。故選D）
[例12] Nylon is used to ____ stockings .
A. made B. makes C. make D. making
（答案為C，此題易誤選D，因?yàn)椤癰e（get）used to 接名詞或動(dòng)名詞”意為“習(xí)慣于…”。但本題并非此意，謂語動(dòng)詞中的use 為“使用”之意并且是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，“be used to do…被用來做……”）
[例13] Make a mark ____ you have a question .
A. in which B. where C. that D. for which
（答案為B，此題易誤選A或C，原因在于錯(cuò)誤地把本題分析為定語從句，誤譯成“做一個(gè)你有問題的記號(hào)”。然而，本題系地點(diǎn)狀語從句，應(yīng)譯為“在你有疑問的地方做個(gè)標(biāo)記”。所以引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句不可用“介詞 + which”的答案A。故應(yīng)選B）
[例14] Peter ____ come with us tonight , but he isn’t very sure yet .
A. must B. can C. may D. will
（答案為C，題干后部的意思為“……但他還不十分肯定”，由此推測(cè)他不是“必須來”，不是“將會(huì)來”，也不是“能夠來”，而是“可能來”）
[例15] The weather turned out to be very good , was more than we could expect .
A. what B. which C. that D. it
（答案為B，which 才能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。turn out to be 意為“結(jié)果是……”）
【模擬試題】
1. -Would you lend me your pen for a while ?
-Certainly I ____ .
A. would B. should C. will D. shall
2. -Could I use your bicycle ?
-Yes , of course you ____ .
A. can B. could C. will D. would
3. I have met ____ people as Lei feng in China .
A. many B. so many C. many such D. as many
4. Only when she got home did she find her necklace ____ .
A. miss B. to miss C. missed D. missing
5. -I’ve got an extra ticket for one of you .
-Oh , really ? Whom would you like ____ with you , Tom or me ?
A. to have go B. to have gone C. having to go D. having going
6. You ____ the plant more water . It is dead .
A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given
7. I wish to be ____ with him . Will you go up to your own room ?
A. friendly B. alone C. down D. always
8. -The play is often put on here , isn’t if ?
-____ Only once five years ago .
A. Yes , it is B. Yes , it isn’t C. No , it isn’t D. No , it is
9. ____ from your office to here !
A. How far is it B. What a long way it is
C. How far it is D. How long is it
10. -Do you know ____ of them ?
-No , I only know Mr and Mrs Tom .
A. all B. both C. none D. any
11. He often leans over the fence and talks for over an hour with my father ____ gardening .
A. about B. while C. in D. as
12. John plays football ____ , if not better than , David .
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
13. The students are forbidden , unless they have the library cards , ____ the reading-room .
A. entering B. enter C. from entering D. to enter
14. With a quick kick the policeman sent the knife held in the robber's right hand ____ .
A. fly B. flew C. flying D. to fly
15. Lincoln’s stepmother did all she could ____ him .
A. help B. to help C. helping D. and helped
16. New ways have been found to prevent the river ____ .
A. polluting B. from polluting
C. against polluting D. from being polluted
17. They did ____ they could ____ him .
A. what ; help B. all what ; to help
C. all ; help D. all that ; to help
18. We were all busy . ____ of us went out for a walk .
A. Not all B. None C. Nobody D. Not everybody
19. He has the same bike ____ .
A. as you B. as yours C. with you D. that you
20. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ____ .
A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard
21. That heavy rain kept us ____ out on time .
A. starting B. from starting C. to start D. being started
22. the parents forbid her ____ to a worker .
A. to marry B. marrying C. to be married D. to be marrying
23. You may stay ____ you like .
A. as long B. that C. at which D. where
24. Coal is used to ____ electricity .
A. produces B. produced C. producing D. produce
25. Was it in this hall ____ they held the ball the other day ?
A. that B. in which C. where D. which
26. The boy was crying ____ the cup broken .
A. for B. at C. as D. with
27. He made some candles ____ light .
A. to give B. give C. gave D. given
28. He talked of the writer and his novels _____ interested him .
A. that B. which C. who D. in which
29. If Mary doesn’t go there , ____ .
A . neither do I B . nor shall I C . so do I D . so will I
【試題答案】
1-10 CACDADBCBA 11-20 ABDCBDDBAD
21-29 BCDDADAAB