知識總結與歸納：

（一）本單元有關語法結構的重點句回顧：

1. Every culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty expressed in art and architecture.

2. They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unusual.

3. When you look around at buildings, streets, squares and parks, you will find them designed, planned and built in different styles.

4. Frank Lloyd Wright, who built an art museum in New York, found himself inspired by Japanese seashells.

（二）語法結構總結：謂語動詞+賓語+過去分詞（done）：done短語做賓語補語，表示“賓語”被……；（過去分詞與前面的賓語具有動賓關系）。在這種句型里常用的謂語動詞有：see; hear; find; get; have; notice; want; make; keep等。

例句：

1. Why don’t you get the job done by somebody else ?

2. I want these things changed.

3. The police found a car abandoned by the roadside.

4. She felt a great load taken off her mind.

5. You might as well have our wall whitewashed.

6. Although we may not realize it, when we talk with others we make ourselves understood not just by words. We send messages to the people around us also by our expression and body movement.

（三）have something done 結構的不同意義：

（1）找人做這件事 （2）已經做了這件事 （3）使……遭受

例句：

1. Many town and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.

2. I have had all the branches cut up for firewood.

3. “Can’t you read this notice ? You need to have your eyes tested.” She said to me in surprise.

4. I had my pocket picked in the bus.

5. He has had his hands burned.

（四）動詞不定式，分詞（-ing形式；dine）做賓補的意義比較：

動詞+賓語+賓語補語。“賓語補語”補充說明賓語“做了什么”；“正在做什么”；“去做什么”；或者“被…….”。根據賓語補語表達的意思，可以用do, to do, doing, done形式做賓語的補足語.即動詞不定式，分詞短語做賓語補語。

1. The landlady asked Mr. Brown to put his coat in the closet.

2. My boss made me redo my report because he wasn’t satisfied with it.

3. I stood on the bridge and watched the boats passing by.

4. His remark left me wondering.

5. Anyone who is caught cheating in the exam will be punished according to the rules.

注意：do短語和doing短語作賓語補語時意義上的不同。

例：

see somebody do something. 看到某人做了某事

see somebody doing something 看到某人正在做某事

1. They saw the boy jump down from the roof and enter the house.

2. I saw them crossing the street and coming up to

【典型例題】

一. 單項選擇：

1. At any rate, I did not succeed in making myself ___ by you.

A. understand B. understood C. understanding D. to understand

分析：make oneself done：使自己被……

答案：B

2. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ next year.

A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out

分析：that they would like to see ____ next year.是定語從句修飾the plan，先行詞在從句中做see的賓語。see sth. done結構

答案：C

3. -May I know what time by your watch ?

-I had mine __ on the bus yesterday.

A. missing B. steal C. stolen D. to be stolen

分析：have sth done結構：我的表被偷了。

答案：C

4. The master was very angry and had all the servants ___ before him.

A. to be brought B. be brought C. brought D. being brought

分析：have sth done結構：把所有的用人帶到他面前。

答案：C

5. M father encouraged me in painting, but he never loved to see any of my works __ in public.

A. exhibition B. exhibited C. having exhibited D. being exhibited

分析：see sth done結構：看到我的任何一部作品在公眾面前被展出。

答案：B

二. 句型轉換：

1. He got someone to fix his bike.

He got his bike _________.

2. How do you want them to decorate your new room ?

How do you want your new room _______?

3. His only wish for his money is to have the local government build a school for children from poor family.

His only wish for his money is to have a school for children from poor family _______ _______ _______ __________ _________.

答案：

fixed ; decorated ; built by the local government

三. 翻譯句子：

1. 春節快到了，媽媽想叫人給門刷刷油漆，于是爸爸買來了最好的漆。

2. 你應該設法讓人聽懂你的話。

3. 他發現外面的世界全變了。

4. 他想讓此事立刻得到解決。

答案：

1. Spring Festival is coming. Mum wants the door painted. So Dad has bought the best paint.

2. You ought to try to make yourself understood.

3. He found the world outside completely changed.

4. He would like this matter settled immediately.

【模擬試題】（答題時間：60分鐘）

一. 單項選擇：

1. The missing boy were last seen _____near the river.

A. playing B. to be plying C. play D. to play

2. Mother didn’t leave until she saw her child ____ the street and ____ the school gate.

A. crossing; entering B. crossing; enter

C. cross; entering D. cross; enter

3. Who did the teacher have ____ an article for the wall newspaper just now ?

A. writing B. write C. to write D. written

4. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees ____ around our school.

A. plant B. planted C. planting D. being planted

5. John rushed out in a hurry, ____ the door ____.

A. leaving; unlocked B. leaving; unlocking

C. left; unlocked D. to leave; unlocked

6. The result of the entrance exams was not made _____ to the public until next Thursday.

A. knowing B. known C. to know D. to be known

7. Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

A. to have invented B. inventing C. to invent D. having invented

二. 完型填空：

The yearly Marathon in my town usually happened during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance __1__ any of them needed medical attention.

“We’re supposed to stay behind the __2__ runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.

The front-runners started to __3__ and then my eyes were ___4__ to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.

We knew we were already watching our “last runner.” Her __5__ were so crippled （殘疾的）that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, __6__ alone run a marathon.

Doug and I __7__ in silence as she slowly moved forward. __8__, she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect ___9__ she pushed forward with great __10__ through the last miles.

When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the __11__ crowds had long gone home. __12__, standing straight and ever so proud __13__ a lone man. He was __14__ one end of a ribbon（緞帶）of crepe paper（皺紋紙）___15__ to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering behind her.

I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became part of my __16__ – a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about __17__ the other runners or winning a prize, but about __18__ what she had set out to do, no matter __19__. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how __20__ the task before me really is.

1. A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if

2. A. first B. best C. only D. last

3. A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear

4. A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught

5. A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body

6. A. let B. leave C. speak D. take

7. A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared

8. A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally

9. A. since B. before C. as D. until

10. A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire

11. A. tired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient

12. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately

13. A. stood B. waited C. came D. had

14. A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying

15. A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led

16. A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life

17. A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating

18. A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning

19. A. where B. how C. when D. what

20.A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful

三. 閱讀理解：

Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad things while white should always mean something good. This may be because, in their opinion, black is related to darkness and white to purity. However, that is not always the case. Did you know that the same one color may mean differently places of the world ?

In the English-speaking world, black is the color of mourning-people wear black at the funeral. Red is concerned with danger or bloodshed. Yellow is the word for fear, if you are afraid, you are yellow. Yet none of these sayings is true outside the English-speaking world. In China and Korea white is the color of mourning. In Russia, China and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and excellent. In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.

Even within the English-speaking area, it is not difficult to find color contradictions（矛盾）. A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station, in Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical, because both men wear red caps. Similarly, the British term for an American white collar worker is sometimes called a black-coated worker.

One does not have to cross an area to find color differences. Would you rather be redblooded or a blueblood ? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest. The expression “blueblood” comes from Spain, where some noble families proudly told the world that they had “ blue blood”. Actually they meant that they had no Moorish or Jewish blood. But then why “blue” blood ?Because they were fair skinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.

1. Yellow is concerned with anger in ____.

A. Russia B. Britain C. Germany D. China

2. The two meaning of the term redcap result from a difference in ___.

A. pronunciation B. climatic conditions C. logical relationship D. custom

3. Both Britain and America would probably agree that ____.

A. black is the color of mourning.

B. a black-coated worker is employed in an office.

C. red stands for beauty and excellent.

D. a redcap is a porter in a station.

4. It is not stated but implied（暗示）that some noble families in Spain had ___ color.

A. black B. white C. blue D. red

5. The best title for this reading selection is ___.

A. The Origin of Blue Blood.

B. The Development of the Symbolic（象征性的）Use of Colors.

C. Color that Carry Bad Meaning.

D. The Meaning Concerned with Certain Colors

【試題答案】

一. 單項選擇：

1. A see sb.doing的被動結構：sb. be seen doing：那個男孩被看見正在河邊玩。

2. D see sb. do sth結構：看見某人作了某事。

3. B have sb.do sth結構：讓某人做某事：老師讓誰寫這篇文章？

4. B have sth.done結構：過去分詞做賓語thousands of trees的補語，表示被動意義。

5. A ____ the door ____為伴隨狀語，用doing短語表達。Unlocked做賓語the door的補語，表被動關系。

6. B make sth. known to sb.結構：使某人知道

7. A 本題考查了動詞不定式完成式的用法。根據句意：人們通常認為Charles Babbage發明了第一臺電腦。這里不定式結構為：somebody be considered to do/to have done. “發明電腦”動作是在consider之前。

二. 完型填空：

1. B 我的工作是開著救護車跟在運動員后面以防他們有人需要救護。In case:以免，以防。

2. D 從后面內容可以看出；救護車跟在最后一名運動員后面。

3. C 前面的運動員都消失了，

4. A 我的目光被吸引在（最后）的婦女身上。

5. B 這為婦女幾乎都不能走，所以她的腿有殘疾。

6. A 更不用說跑馬拉松了。固定短語：Let alone: 更不用說了。

7. A 我們在默默地注視著她。D項缺少介詞at：stare at。

8. D 最后，她成為我視線中唯一一名運動員了。

9. C 她一邊以堅定的意志向前“跑”，我一邊注視著她。

10. B determination：意志堅定。

11. C 加油助威的人群早已經回家了。Cheering: 喝彩，助威。

12. C 然而，這位殘疾婦女的唯一支持者一直在終點線那自豪地“等著”她。

13. B 本句是一個倒裝句。主語是a lone man.謂語是waited。standing straight and ever so proud是伴隨狀語。

14. C 他（那個男的）緊握著系在一根柱子上的緞帶的另一端（讓這位女運動員撞線）。

15. B

16. D 從那一天，那位女運動員成為激勵我的人生的一部分。

17. D 這位婦女參賽的目的不是為擊敗其他運動員而獲獎。

18. A 而是去完成她所開始的事情。

19. D 不管是什么事情，都要堅持下去。

20. C 我由此受到鼓舞，再難的事也變得容易了。

三. 閱讀理解：

1. C 根據第二段：In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.可知：黃色在德國與憤怒相關。

2. C 根據第三段：A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station, in Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical, because both men wear red caps.可以得出結論。

3. A 根據在第二段第一句：In the English-speaking world, black is the color of mourning-people wear black at the funeral.通過我們所掌握的英美文化的常識也可以找到答案。

4. D 根據最后一段的內容判斷，特別是Would you rather be redblooded or a blueblood ? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest.以及But then why “blue” blood ?Because they were fair skinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.可以看出在一些西班牙貴族家族中，標志顏色實際上是紅色。5. D 根據各個自然段的內容可以判斷文章是在講述某種顏色與它的含義。