知識梳理

Ⅰ.網絡構建

詞匯 單詞 deadly imaginary *quiz false *route blood prevention persuade defenceless illness treatment unprotected *sex lack proper cheer discourage cheernetwork specialist curable meaningful fierce stranger strength recover fighter *contrary *aid drown bleed ink wire container electrical *upside scream calm tip slight chest wound recovery blanket motorcycle sudden bite tap *loose explanation flashlight

詞組 live with die of cheer（...） up suffer from on the contrary catch fire for the moment free from first aid upside down keep in mind roll over in honour of in case of

語法 虛擬語氣

Ⅱ.重點精講

●重點單詞

1.persuade

例句集錦

v.

（1）She is not easy to persuade.

她不容易說服。

She persuaded me to wait.她勸我等待。

She tried to persuade him to change his mind.

她試圖勸他改變主意。

Can you persuade her into/out of wearing that dress?

你能勸她穿（不穿）那件衣服嗎？

（2）I couldn’t persuade him that she was a thief.

我無法使他相信她是個小偷。

How can I persuade you of my sincerity?

我如何能使你相信我的真誠？

用法歸納

*persuade 主要用作及物動詞。主要有兩個義項：說服；使相信。主要搭配形式為：persuade sb. to do sth.；persuade sb. into doing sth.；persuade sb. out of doing sth.；persuade sb. that-clause。

特別提示

persuade sb. to do sth.意為“說服某人做某事”，強調結果；而advise sb. to do sth.和try to persuade sb. to do sth.意為“勸某人做某事”，強調動作。

2.lack

例句集錦

n.

She suffered from a severe lack of sleep.

她苦于嚴重的睡眠不足。

We have no lack of food.

我們不缺乏食物。

We cannot discuss the details now for lack of time.

因時間有限，我們現在無法討論細節。

v.

（1）She lacks common sense.她沒有（缺乏）常識。

She lacked the confidence to make friends.

她缺乏交朋友的信心。

（2）We lack for nothing.我們不缺任何東西。

They did not lack for money.他們并不缺錢。

用法歸納

*lack可用作動詞（vi.＆vt.）和名詞。主要義項有：缺乏，不足；不足之物，欠缺之物。

特別提示

lack用作名詞時常與介詞of連用，用作動詞常與介詞 for連用。

3.drown

例句集錦

v.

（1）Betty tried to drown herself in the lake.

貝蒂企圖投湖自殺。

He drowned a kitten.他淹死了一只小貓。

（2）The noise from the airplane drowned his voice.

來自飛機的噪音淹沒了他的聲音。

The streets were drowned by the floods.

那條街道被洪水所淹沒。

Mary’s eyes were drowned in tears.

瑪麗的眼睛淚汪汪。

（3）He tried to drown his sorrows in drinks.

他試圖以酒消愁。

（4）He drowned himself in his job.

他埋頭工作。

（5）She was drowning.她快要淹死了。

He fell from a bridge and drowned.

他從橋上掉下去淹死了。

A drowning man will catch at a straw.

［諺語］快淹死的人連一根草都會抓住；急不暇擇。

*drown可用作動詞（vt.＆vi.）。主要義項有：使溺死，淹死；淹沒；消除；忘卻。

●重點短語

1.for the moment

例句集錦

I have nothing to do for the moment.

我目前沒事做。

Stop the discussion for the moment.

請暫停討論。

We’re happy living in a flat for the moment,but we may want to move to a house soon.

目前我們住在單元房很滿意，不過我們不久也許想住個獨門獨院的房子。

相關歸納

（1）for a moment 片刻，一會兒

Let me speak for a moment.

讓我說一會兒。

For a moment,I almost had nothing to say.

一下子，我幾乎什么也說不出了。

Could you wait for me for a moment？

你能等我一會兒嗎？

（2）in a moment 轉瞬間，馬上

All her imaginary happiness vanished in a moment.

她想象中的幸福霎時全部煙消云散了。

Mr Green will come to see you in a moment.

格林先生馬上會來看你的。

（3）at the moment（用于現在時）此刻；（用于過去時）當時

They are doing nothing at the moment.

他們此刻什么事也沒干。

I’m busy at the moment.我此刻忙。

She was sleeping at the very moment.

就在那時她正在睡覺。

特別提示

注意moment構成的短語中不同冠詞的使用。

2.catch fire

例句集錦

The house caught fire.房子著火了。

If a pan of oil catches fire,turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly.

如果油鍋著火，關掉煤氣，立即蓋上鍋。

With the strong wind,the cottage catches fire easily.

由于大風，茅屋很容易著火。

相關歸納

（1）（be） on fire著火

The company caught fire last night and it is on fire.

那家公司昨晚著火了，現在還在燒。

When he arrived,he found the house was still on fire.

他到的時候，發現那幢房子還在燒。

The fire has been on fire for half an hour.

那場火已經燒了半個小時了。

（2）make a fire生火

They made a fire to keep warm.

他們生火取暖。

The old woman was about to make a fire to cook dinner when someone knocked at the door.

那位老夫人正要生火做飯，這時候有人敲門。

（3）start/light a fire點火

They started a fire to be seen by the rescuing team.

他們點火好讓援救隊看見。

（4）put out the fire撲滅大火

The fire had been put out before the firemen arrived.

消防隊員還未趕到大火就被撲滅了。

The fire guards often find campfires that have not been put out completely.

防火警備員經常發現未完全熄滅的營火。

（5）set...on fire/set fire to縱火，放火燒

The Japanese set fire to his house.

日本人燒了他的家。

Nobody knows who set the house on fire.

沒有人知道誰燒了那幢房子。

特別提示

注意fire所構成的短語中定冠詞、不定冠詞、零冠詞的使用。

3.on the contrary相反地

例句集錦

I thought it was going to clear up.On the contrary,it began to rain.

我原以為天氣會放晴，相反地，天開始下雨了。

-You’ll get tired of it.

你會厭倦它的。

-On the contrary,I’ll enjoy it very much.

正好相反，我會很喜歡它的。

相關歸納

（1）to the contrary相反的（地），有相反的證據

She says she didn’t go there,and there is no evidence to the contrary.

她說她沒有到那兒去，且沒有與她的話相反的證據。

I’ll expect you on Monday unless I hear to the contrary.

我期待你禮拜一來，除非我接到你相反的通知。

I know nothing to the contrary.

與此相反之事我一概不知。

（2）by contraries有相反的情形，與預期相反

Many things in our lives go by contraries.

在我們的生活當中，許多事情與預期相反。

She said that dreams go by contraries.

他說夢境預兆相反的事。

●必背句型

wish+賓語從句

教材原句

“I wish I could remember more about my mum,” Xiaohua says,“I wish she were here with me and that we weren’t sick.”

“我真希望我對媽媽的記憶能更多一些，”小華說，“我真希望她就在我身邊，而且我們都沒患病”。

特別提示

wish后跟賓語從句用虛擬語氣：與現在事實相反用過去時，與過去事實相反用過去完成時，與將來事實相反用過去將來時或過去時。

補充例句

（1）I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round.

但愿北京全年是秋天。

She wishes she were still living with her grandmother.

她希望仍和祖母住在一起。

（2）I wish I hadn’t spent too much money.

我后悔不該花那么多錢。

He wishes he had not lost the chance.

他真希望沒有失去機會。

（3）I wish it would stop raining.

但愿雨能停止。

I wish you would come soon.

但愿你立刻來。

疑難突破

1.silent,quiet,still,calm,noiseless

silent 主要指人“沉默的,不出聲的”，但不一定無活動。quiet意為“安靜的,寧靜的”，指人時表示生性安靜，不易激動；用于自然環境時，指沒有干擾活動、沒有喧鬧聲的寂靜狀態。still意為“安靜的，不動的”，不指心理狀態，指環境和人“靜的，靜止的”狀態。 calm意為“鎮靜的，平靜的”，主要指人“沉著鎮定”，指自然界“無風無浪”。 noiseless意為“聲音很輕的，無聲的”,常用來形容機器。

應用

（1）This is a ______ typewriter.

（2）In order not to lose the job,he kept ______ about the matter.

（3）It is a ______ place；I enjoy living here.

（4）Mary is a ______ girl.

（5）He remained ______ in face of danger.

（6）Stand ______ while I take a photo of you.

（7）We visited Beijing in ______ weather.

答案：（1）noiseless （2）silent （3）quiet （4）quiet （5）calm （6）still

（7）calm

2.suggest，advise，persuade

suggest v. 作“建議”講時，常見結構有：suggest sth.建議某事；suggest doing sth.建議做某事；suggest one’s doing sth.建議某人做某事； suggest that sb.（should） do sth.建議某人做某事；作“預示”講時，構成句型 suggest sth.和 suggest that-clause（不用虛擬語氣）。

advise v.“建議，忠告”，構成句型：advise sb.to do sth./advise doing sth./advise that sb.（should） do sth.。

persuade v. “說服”，構成短語persuade sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事，等于persuade sb.into doing sth.。

應用

（1）I ______ my father to give up smoking,but he didn’t listen to me.

（2）He finally ______ them to sing for free.

（3）I ______ he help his brother with the farm work while he is free.

（4）His pale face ______ that he is in poor health.

（5）My ______ is that the meeting（should） be put off till next Monday.

（6）-When shall we start off ?

-I ______ tomorrow morning.

（7）Can you ______ me what to do next ?

答案：（1）advised （2）persuaded （3）suggest/advise （4）suggests （5）suggestion （6）suggest/advise （7）advise

典例剖析

【例1】（2004年遼寧，26）Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else ______ such a beautiful palace.

A.can you find B.you could find

C.you can find D.could you find

剖析：第一個分句中使用現在完成時態，第二個分句常使用現在時，排除B、D項；含有否定意義的副詞放在句首時，該句要用部分倒裝，排除C項。

答案：A

【例2】（2004年福建，28）-How do you ______ we go to Beijing for our holidays?

-I think we’d better fly there.It’s much more comfortable.

A.insist B.want

C.suppose D.suggest

剖析：根據本句的謂語用原形這一現象可知用suggest。按句子結構的劃分，這句話是含有插入語的特殊疑問句。插入成分的動詞是suggest時，主句的謂語動詞多用should+動詞原形，should可省略。insist一詞也有該用法，但與句意不符。如果用suppose之類的詞作插入語，此句的謂語應該是將來時。

答案：D

【例3】（2004年福建，32）-I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

-You ______ her last week.

A.ought to tell B.would have told

C.must tell D.should have told

剖析：情態動詞+have+過去分詞說明的是過去。根據狀語last week和本句意義，應該選should have told，意為“本應該上星期告訴她，但你卻沒有”。

答案：D

【例4】（2004年廣東，35）-Do you mind if I open the window?

-______ I feel a bit cold.

A.Of course not. B.I’d rather you didn’t.

C.Go ahead. D.Why not?

剖析：由I feel a bit cold看，答話者不愿開窗。A、C、D都表示“要開窗”的意思。

答案：B