Unit 15 Popular Youth Culture

Key phrases

1.make a contribution to 2.make a difference

3.help with doing 4.have company

5.inspire sb. to do 6.concentrate on

7.improve one’s grades 8.apply for

9.have big hearts 10.be eager to do

11.have a great/good time doing 12.poverty relief

13.open up 14.build confidence

15.go without 16.promote awareness of hunger

17.fit in 18.without payment

19.make an adjustment to sth. / adjust (oneself) to sth/doing

20.go out of fashion 21.have a reputation for

22.approve of sth/doing 23.be through

24. in many aspects

Vocabulary

1. acknowledge vt. 為。。。表示感謝，承認。

acknowledgement n.

sth.

doing

acknowledge sth/sb to be + adj/n

sth/sb. as + n.

that clause

①對手們承認輸了.

The opponents acknowledged defeat.

having been defeated.

that they were defeated.

②大家公認他是世界最佳球員.

He is widely acknowledged to be the best player in the world.

as the best player in the world.

It is widely acknowledged that he is the best player in the world.

③我對本地幾家企業的資助表示感謝.

I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local business.

The opponents acknowledged that they were defeated. 對手們承認輸了。

2. beneficial adj. 有利[益]的(to)

be beneficial to有益于

Sunshine is beneficial to plants. 陽光對植物有益。

Benefit vt 有益于

新鮮空氣對你有益。 ____________________________________________.

他的發明有益于全世界。__________________________________________.

vi. 獲益 受益 （from） __________________________________________.

n. 利益， 好處；恩惠。Be of great benefit to sb. ______________________.

這本書對學生很有幫助。_______________________________________.

3. make contributions / a contribution to 對。。。做出貢獻（捐贈）

Thomas Edison ______________________________________ the world. 托馬斯 愛迪生為世界做出了巨大貢獻。

It is our duty to make a contribution to ____________________________. 為環保做貢獻是我們的義務。

其他常見帶介詞to 的短語歸納：

Be used to 習慣于； be given to 沉溺于； be related to 與。。。相關； get down to 著手做； lead to 導致； object to 反對；put one’s mind to 全神貫注于； be equal to 勝任； be opposed to 反對； devote oneself to 獻身于； give rise to 引起； look forward to 盼望； pay attention to 注意； stick to 堅持； attend to 處理，照料； lead to 通向； see to 負責； access to 接近， 進入（某地的）方法； be addicted to 沉溺于，對。。。上癮； contribute to 為。。。做貢獻。

4. worthwhile 值得的

Worthwhile , worth, worthy 區別

Worthwhile 強調“值得花時間或精力”。基本句式是：It is worthwhile doing / to do something . 例如：

參觀這個博物館是值得的。 ____________________________________________

Hangzhou is a beautiful place, it is worthwhile going/to go there. ________________

Helping old people is a worthwhile activity. 幫助老人是一項很有意義的活動

Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion. 謝謝你提出的好建議。

Worth 強調“某事值得做或表示物品的價值”。不可作定語，基本句式是：sth be worth something 或sth be worth doing 。 如：

The book is (well ) worth reading. 這本書值得讀。

Worthy 強調“應該得到（尊重，信任，表彰等）”，不表示價值。 基本句式是：be worthy of something/ being done , be worthy to be done.

His courage was worthy of high praise. 他的勇氣值得贊許。

廣州值得去看一看。Guangzhou is worthy of a visit

of being visited

to be visited.

The school has graduated many worthy young people. 這間學校培養了許多優秀的年輕人。

Those who reject us are not worthy to be called our friends.背棄我們的人不值得做我們的朋友。

A worthy friend 一位可敬的朋友

5. fit in (with sb/sth) 與。。。合得來，適應　

fit in 適應，協調

fit in with sth./ sb. 與。。。相適應； 與。。。合得來/處得融洽

fit sb./sth in 找到時間（見某人、做某事）

be fit for sb./sth.

be fit to do

①When he arrived in Tibet , he had some problems _________________________.

②Do these plans ______________________your arrangements?

③He tried to ___________________ others, but it was difficult.

④Doctor White can _________________ on Wednesday afternoon.

⑤He is the best person to ____________________ the position.

He’s never done this type of work before; I’m not sure how he’ll fit in with the other people. 他過去從未干過這種工作，很難說他是否會與其他人配合得好。　

Where do I fit in? 哪里有我適合的地方？

Do these plans fit in with your arrangements?　這些計劃和你的安排沖突嗎？

6. due to 因…引起；可歸于… caused by 不可放在句首

This accident was due to his carelessness.

這次事故是由于他的疏忽引起。

His illness was due to overwork. 他的病是由于工作過度。

He arrived late due (owing) to the storm. 由于暴風雨他來晚了。

寫出六個表原因的同義詞組：

______________________ ____________________ ______________________

______________________ ____________________ _______________________

6 whereas conj.

(公文用語)有鑒于; 而, 卻, 倒; 其實, 反之

Whereas the peoples of the colonies have been burdened with taxes... 鑒于各殖民地民眾備受重稅負擔之苦....

They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.

他們想要一座房子, 而我們寧愿住在一套房間里。

Some people like coffee, whereas others like tea.

有人喜歡咖啡,然而也有人喜歡茶。

Some people like fatty meat, whereas others hate it.

有些人喜歡肥肉,而有些人卻不喜歡。

Whereas the following incidents have occurred ...

鑒于下列事件業已發生...

Language points in the passage

1. make a, no, some, etc. difference (to / in sb/sth) 有（或沒有，有些等） 作用，關系，影響

The rain didn’t make much difference to the game. 這場雨對比賽沒什么影響。　

Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到工作與年齡有關。　

Changing schools made a big difference to my life. 轉學對我一生有重大影響。　

What difference will it make if he knows or not? 他知不知道有什么關系嗎？

I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what colour it is (= it is not important). 我認為顏色無關緊要。　

‘Shall we go on Friday or Saturday?’ ‘It makes no difference (to me).’我們周五還是周六走。無所謂。　

2. open up 暢所欲言 ；開拓，開辟；開業，營業

It helps to discuss your problems but I find it hard to open up. 與人談論自己面臨的問題固然有益，可我覺得有些話說不出口。

The railway opened up the east of the country. 鐵路使國家東部不再閉塞。

Exciting possibilities were opening up for her in the new job. 新工作為她帶來了令人興奮的發展前途。

I open up the store for the day at around 8.30. 我的店每天早上大約8.30開業。

3. starve 常用搭配：starve to death 餓死；starve for sth 渴望得到某物；

如：The engine was starved of petrol and wouldn’t start. 發動機沒有油了，啟動不了。　

In recent years the Department has been starved of financial resources. 在近來幾年部里非常需要金融方面的資源。　

4. remain （系動詞）仍然

to remain silent / standing / seated / motionless 依然沉默/站著/坐著/一動不動

Train fares are likely to remain unchanged. 火車票很可能會保持不變。

It remains true that sport is about competing well, not winning. 體育重在勇于競爭而不是獲勝，一向如此。

[v-n] In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends. 盡管有過爭吵，他們仍是最好的朋友。

He will remain (as) manager of the club until the end of his contract. vi. 留下，剩下

Very little of the house remained after the fire. 火災之后，房子所剩無幾。

There were only ten minutes remaining. 只剩下10分鐘了。

vi. 仍需去做（處理）

Much remains to be done. 還有許多事要做。

It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你說的對不對還有待證實。

There remained one significant problem. 還有一個非常重要的問題。

[v (that)] I feel sorry for her, but the fact remains (that) she lied to us. 我為她感到難過，可事實是她對我們撒謊了。

高考相關

1. (NMET 95) If you work with strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is.

A whatever B however C wherever D whenever

2. (NMET 97)It is generally considered unwise to give a child ___ he or she wants.

A however B whatever C whichever D whenever

3. （NMET 2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.

A to see B to be seen C seeing D seen

Fill in the blank with proper phrases.

1. The students in the remote village school study hard. They _________________ learn whatever is new to them.

2. I _________________ chatting online with lots of different people involved with the university.

3.It is time that we______________________protecting the environment.

4. He’s never done this type of work before; I’m not sure how he’ll ______________ the other people.

5. Long skirts____________________________ this spring.

6.How long can a human being _________________________sleep?

7. Although the remote Tibetan area of Yunnan was very different from Guangdong, he had no problems _______________________ his new life.

8.This matter is very urgent. Please deal with it _________________________.

下面是對中學生對志愿工作的看法的調查表，請根據下面所給的詞匯和短語寫一篇英語小短文。

70%的學生贊成參加志愿工作 為社會作貢獻，幫助別人是一件很有意義的工作，帶來很多個人利益，為日后的工作獲得寶貴的技能和經驗，為自己創造機遇，增強信心、自覺意識、良好的交際能力和領導才能

25%的學生不愿意從事志愿工作 無報酬，浪費時間，耽誤學習

5%的學生無明確態度 漠不關心

make a contribution to , benefit, open up, approve of, no matter how…, worthwhile,

without payment, leadership

Different students have different attitudes toward voluntary work.

70% of the students approve of doing voluntary work. The consider that it can make a contribution to society and it is a worthwhile job to help others. It can also bring personal benefits and will contribute to their future because they can gain valuable experience and skills for their future career. Voluntary work often opens up opportunities for them, build confidence, self-awareness, good communication skills and leadership ability.

25% of the students disapprove of doing voluntary work. They think the work is done without payment and it is a waste of time.

The rest of the students don’t have clear attitude to it , nor do they care about it.

I think each of us should make a contribution to society. No matter how small it is, it will help make a difference.