Unit8單元考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥與考例分析
1．Leave her where she is.把她留在原地。
考點(diǎn)：where是連接副詞，在此處引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句。又如：
You should remember it’s a rule to put your schoolbag where it was.
考例：She found the calculator _______ she lost it.
A．where B．when C．in which D．that
分析：本題選A。where在順中引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，表示“她在她丟失計(jì)算器的地方找到了它”。
2．You mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.如果一個(gè)人受了重傷，你千萬不要挪動(dòng)他。
考點(diǎn)1：mustn’t move表示“千萬不要挪動(dòng)”。must的否定式表示“禁止做某事”，語氣很強(qiáng)。常譯為“不許、不準(zhǔn)”等。如：
You mustn’t go swimming in the river alone.
你可千萬別獨(dú)自一人在河里游泳。
考例1：Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.
A．won’t; can’t B．mustn’t; may
C．shouldn’t; must D．can’t; shouldn’t
分析：本題選B。第一空應(yīng)填mustn’t，表示“不允許玩刀“，有禁止之意；第二空填may，表示“會(huì)被刀割傷”的可能性。
考點(diǎn)2：hurt既可作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“使受傷、傷……的感情、使心痛”等；也可作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“痛、損害”等。如：
The driver was badly hurt in the accident.（hurt為及物動(dòng)詞）
The patient told the doctor that his head hurt badly after he was caught in the heavy rain.（hurt為不及物動(dòng)詞）
考例2：My chest _______ when I make a deep breath, doctor.
A．harms B．wounds C．hurts D．injures
分析：本題選C。harm意為“損害、傷害”；wound指（刀、槍等）使受傷；hurt指“感到疼痛”；injure則指意外事故的“損害、傷害”。
3．First aid, if it is quickly and correctly given, can save a person’s life.急救如果迅速得法，就能夠挽救一個(gè)人的生命。
考點(diǎn)：由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的位置比較靈活，可放在句首、句中或句末。如：
If you come earlier, you’ll see Mr white.
You can speak English smoothly if you practise every day.
This dog, if you give it a piece of meat, won’t bite you.
考例：________ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A．Having checked B．Check
C．If you check D．To check
分析：本題選C。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知該句的前半部分為一條件狀語從句，故排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)。
選題角度：
主要分析本單元的考點(diǎn)與考例分析，幫助學(xué)生掌握本單元的知識(shí)點(diǎn)及其延伸。
易混詞語例題分析
1．lay ／lie
1）I'll go and _____ down for a while．
2）_____ all these things in the corner．
3）I never thought you would have _____ to me．
4）The old hunter is _____ trap for the tiger．
5）He has _____ in bed for a long time．
6）She found the man dead，_____ on the ground．
7）The hen _____ an egg in the henhouse．
分析：lay是及物動(dòng)詞，作“放置”、“下蛋”解，其過去式和過去分詞都是laid。lie是不及物動(dòng)詞，作“躺”、“位于”解時(shí)是不規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞，其過去式和過去分詞分別是lay， lain；作“撒謊”解時(shí)是規(guī)則變化動(dòng)詞，其過去式和過去分詞都是lied。
1）lie 2）Lay 3）lied 4）laying 5）lain 6）lying 7）laid
2．deal with ／do with
1）I don't know what to _____ the waste materials．
2）What's the best way of _____ thieves？
3）The books _____ Asian problems sell well in colleges．
4）How did you _____ matters of this sort？
5）That man is easy to _____ ．
分析：二者都可表示“對付、應(yīng)付、處理、安排”之意，但 deal是不及物動(dòng)詞，可與how連用；而do是及物動(dòng)詞，只有與with一起連用才可表達(dá)上述含義，且常與what搭配連用。deal with還可表示“談?wù)摗⑸婕暗健薄ⅰ芭c……相處”等意義，而do with無此用法。
1）do with 2）dealing with ／doing with 3）dealing with 4）deal with 5）deal with
3．injure ／hurt ／wound ／harm ／damage
1）What he said _____ his sister greatly．
2）Smoking and drinking can _____ one's health．
3）The robber _____ him with a knife．
4）The earthquake _____ several houses．
5）Don't _____ your eyes by reading in dim light．
分析：hurt是普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可指精神上、情感上的傷害；injure比hurt正式，多指損害健康、成就、容貌等，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失；harm用于肉體或精神上的傷害均可，有時(shí)可指引起不安或不便，還可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情；damage主要是指因自然災(zāi)害或人為原因造成的事物在價(jià)值、用途、外觀等方面的損失；wound主要是指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等。
1）hurt 2）injure 3）wounded 4）damaged 5）harm
4．silent ／quiet／still／calm
1）They lived a _____ life in the countryside．
2）He was _____ for a moment，then began his answer．
3）The city is _____ again after yesterday's riots．
4）Stand _____ while I take your photograph．
5）When you hear the sad news，please keep_____ ．
分析：quiet側(cè)重于因無騷擾產(chǎn)生的“安靜”；而silent主要指人“沉默不語的”；still“靜止的”，側(cè)重于完全不動(dòng)和完全無聲響；calm指海“無浪的”、天氣“無風(fēng)的”，也可指情緒“鎮(zhèn)靜的”。
1）quiet 2）silent3）calm 4）still5）calm
5．notice ／pay attention to
1）In class we should _____ what the teacher says．
2）Did you _____ anyone come into the room？
分析：pay attention to表示“思想、注意力集中”，要對事物“加以注意，引起重視”的意思；notice（vt．）意為“注意”，是指“觀察；看”的意思。
1） pay attention to 2）notice
選題角度：
主要對相近詞及詞組的辨析，通過例題分析，幫助學(xué)生能夠熟練掌握詞匯及其運(yùn)用。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞例題
例題1．He must have been asleep at the time, ____ he?
A. mustn't B. needn't C. hadn't D. wasn't
分析：must＋have十過去分詞表示對過去行為的推測，其反意疑問句有兩種形式，即一般過去時(shí)或完成時(shí)，受題中at that time的制約，答案只能選一般過去時(shí)。此題答案是D。
例題2－There were already five people in the car and they managed to take me as well.
－It ____ a comfortable journey.
A. can't be B. shouldn't be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
分析： can’t be“不可能是”與shouldn’t be“不應(yīng)該是”均與題意不符。對過去的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)的推測，can／could只用于疑問句和否定句中，表示“一定不會(huì)是”；而如果把C．mustn’t have been改為肯定就對了，因?yàn)?must+ have done表示對過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)的推測，它的否定形式為can’t have done或 couldn’t have done，故選D。
例題3 Peter ____ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. can C. may D. will
分析：這道題是并列句，雖然第一分句子成立，即 Peter今晚愿意跟我們來，但與第二個(gè)分句不一致。這里isn’t very sure yet很重要，說明還沒有定下來。如果對“not sure”這個(gè)暗示給予足夠的注意，就會(huì)選擇C，may表示可能。如果用can來表示“可能”，要放在疑問句或否定句中。而must表示“必須”，此處不合題意，故被排除。此題答案是C。
例題4 I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
分析：此句第一分句，可見沒有寫出來，在第二分句也“本應(yīng)該寫出來”卻沒有寫。在這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有C能；只能表示“應(yīng)該做”，而不能表示“卻沒有做”這個(gè)意思。所以答案是C。
詞匯用法例題
例題1：She was______ in the car accident．
A. hurt B. wounded C. injured D. damaged
分析：injure指在意外事故中受傷。wound多指槍彈或刀劍等銳器故意施加的傷害。hurt除指肉體的傷害外，也可指感情上的傷害。damage主要指對價(jià)值和功能的損壞，多用于無生命的東西。此題答案是 C。
例題2：We do not know how to ________ these waste materials.
A. deal with B. do with C. agree with D. begin with
分析：deal with是“處理，對待，應(yīng)付”之意，常與how搭配，構(gòu)成how…deal with即“怎么處理……”；do with 即“處理，對待，應(yīng)付”，常與what搭配，構(gòu)成“what…do with”，意思是“怎樣處理”；agree with“同意某人的觀點(diǎn)”；begin with“從……開始”。根據(jù)句子的意思，首先排除C、D，再根據(jù)搭配又排除B，故答案是A。
例題3：－Are you going to watch the game?
－I'm sure ____, for it promises to be a close one.
A. so B.I will C. not D. I won't
分析：I'm sure I will意為“我肯定將去”。根據(jù)后半句話的意思 for it promises to be a close garnet進(jìn)一步推測出將去看比賽，故選B。
例題4：I will look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little ____.
A. wait B. time C. patience D. rest
分析：該題根據(jù)搭配首先排除A。該題句意，所以排除 B和 D項(xiàng)。此題答案是C。
例題5：I had been working so hard for several weeks that I decided ____ and relax (放松) over the weekend.
A. take it easy B. to take it easy
C. take it easily D. to take it easily
分析：decide to do something意為“決定做某事”；take it easy意為“別著急，放心好了”， 此題答案是B。
例題6：When she came several days later, she found that all the things still____ where she had ____ them.
A. lay; laid B. laid; laid
C. lay; lain D. lying; lain
分析：lie-lied- lied – lying（撒謊），lie – lay – lain-lying（平躺，位于），lay – laid – laid - laying（放置）。lie作名詞，解釋為“謊言”，是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞。此題答案是A。