第十五單元

（一） 應復習的教材內容：SB2A Unit 10；SB2B Unit 16

（二） 復習要點

1． 詞匯

SB2A Unit 10

frighten

1. The terrible voice frightened her and she could hardly say a word.

2. The way you drive the car frightened her greatly, so she held on her breath without saying a word..

3. It frightens me to see some students go across the street with the red light on.

4. There is a frightening look in the man’s eyes.

5. The girl stared at the man with frightened eyes.

flee

1. The robbers tried to flee, but they were soon caught.

2. Many Jews fled to neighboring countries during World War II.

3. The frightened people fled from the big fire one by one.

4. The fire broke out at midnight and as a result only three people were able to flee the burning hotel.

5. Why does she always flee any kind of responsibility?

6. The city’s population prepared to flee the heat for the relative cool of the rivers.

urge

1. We urged her to see a doctor. Because she looks pale and in my opinion there is something wrong with her stomach.

2. Our teacher urged us on the necessity of patience in our daily study.

3. It was urged that he should be published.

4. We urged them to join us, for success means life instead of death.

erupt

1. The volcano erupted without warning and caused a lot of damage to the surrounding area.

2. Words of anger erupted from her.

3. Erupt in anger

4. Hives erupted all over his face and hands. (他的臉上和手上突然都涌現出蕁蔴疹.)

5. Milk teeth erupt during a baby’s first year.

hold one’s breath draw one’s attention

be shocked by suffer from

be frightened to death fall into panic

urge sb to do sth at hand

at a distance calm down

have sth to do with get into a panic

scare to death hold his course directly into danger (直接駛向危險)

broad sheets of flame (大片的火焰) knock about/around

all of sudden hold out

live through

SB2B Unit 16

depress v. depression n. The Depression 大蕭條（ in the 1930s）

1. She was overcome by depression.

2. Peter fell into a deep depression on hearing the news.

3. Wet weather always depresses her.

4. When business is depressed there is usually an increase in unemployment.

5. Several factors combined to depress the American economy.

6. She felt lonely and depressed.

7. Kate seemed depressed about the situation.

8. I found the whole experience very depressing.

sacrifice

1. Playing games is not worth the sacrifice of your health and time.

2. He sacrificed a promising career to look after his disabled daughter.

3. His parents made many sacrifices so that he could go to university and even have further study.

4. People here get used to killing a sheep as a sacrifice.

sacrifice to sb. 供奉某人

sacrifice sth. to do sth. 犧牲某事去做某事

sacrifice one`s day off 犧牲一天休假日

insist

1. We insisted on the highest standard of teaching in the school.

2. I insist on your taking measures to solve the problem as soon as possible.

3. I insist that you (should) come up with an idea right now.

4. I insisted that she had stolen my wallet when all the others went out to play.

5. She kept insisting on her innocence / insisting that she was innocent.

6. You should not be late; he is most insistent about it.

insist on sth / （one`s ）doing sth 堅決主張,要求做…

insist on sth. 堅持說; 固執地聲稱

be insistent about / on sth. 對…堅持

insist +that +sb. + (should ) +do sth. 堅持要求某人做….

insist +that …堅持認為 / 說… (謂語動詞用陳述語氣)

insist on 多用于堅持意見、看法、主張，后面接名詞或v,-ing形式。

insist 后可接that 從句。表示“堅持要求或認為應該做某事”，that 從句用should+do的虛擬語氣，should可省略，如表示堅持某事時用陳述語氣。

supply

1. If you do not pay for it on time, the company will stop supplying gas to us.

2. Do not worry; we will supply you with the heating oil.

3. Have we got enough supplies of coal for the coming winter?

4. Pay off the debt quickly; otherwise, your water supply will be cut off.

supply sb. with sth. 供給某人所需的物品

supply sth. to sb. 把…供給某人

supply one`s requirements 提供足夠的。。。以滿足需要

food supply 食物供應

in short supply 供應不足

supply and demand 供求關系

be driven off

greedy slave owners civil unrest

the scars run deep be far behind

sister cities post-war years

recover from develop the area

take away one’s rights end segregation

cultural diversity the eyes of the world

a booming business center commercial and cultural centers

on the plains of America cross a land bridge

live by doing in huge numbers

a shoulder-height of in turn

from 1830 onwards make / break agreements with

cut off the skins leave… behind to rot

the bison population improve the soil

the whole wildlife chain

2.句型結構

SB2A Unit 10

1) Write down what is observed in each of these branches of science and what instruments are used.

2) How does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?

3) Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now, darker and more, the closer they went.

4) It makes my hair stand on end.

5) He looked more sleep than dead.

6) The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.

7) He had to wait a good wind, blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.

8) She has been done for. Captain Mac Whirr said to himself.

9) Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.

SB2B Unit 16

10) What does the landscape look like where you live?

11) Even since the Civil War, the South has struggled to find ways to deal with its troubled past.

12) The wounds are slow to heal and the scars run deep.

13) Despite the hardships of the post-war years and the Depression, the people of Atlanta continued to develop the area,

14) It was also in Atlanta that one of the great leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, Dr. Martin Luther king , Jr, was born.

15) The city saw a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960’s and …

16) In 1990, the city was the host of the Olympic Games, an honor the city shares with great cities like Sydney and Los Angeles.

17) Like many other southern cities, Atlanta is a representative of the new South, a place where hope and faith have replaced fear and doubt.

18) The bison grows to a shoulder-height of 1.5 meters and can weigh 1,100 kilograms.

19) From about 1830 onwards in the USA and from about 1870 in Canada,…

20) While early settlers had killed bison for food, now the killing became more widespread.

21) With fewer bison, grass shoots were not eaten, so grass did not grow as strongly.

.

3.語法: 省略句

為了使句子前方的句意更加緊密或為了避免重復，而將前面或后面已經出現過的詞語省略，或因習慣上的用法而省略部分詞語，所形成的句子叫省略句。

　　使用省略應明確省略的原則和范圍，被省略的成分或詞語通常是不言而喻的或是構成完整的語法結構所必須的，正確運用不僅無損于句子的完整，而且能使句子簡潔明了。 以下按英語句子的三種類型對省略進行歸納：

一、 簡單句中的省略

　　1. 人稱（有時包括謂語）的省略。

　　(This is) Jane speaking. 我是簡。（打電話用語）

　　2. 問句本身及回答的省略。

　　(Are you) tired? （你）累嗎？

　　Yes, I am (tired). 累。

　　3. 感嘆句根據上下文的省略。How beautiful (it is)!（它）真美麗！

　　4. 名詞所有格后的名詞，如果是表示住宅、店鋪、教堂或上下文已經暗示或明確指出過的事物時，常省略。

　　I'm going to the doctor's. (clinic) 我將去診所。

　　I'm going to the teacher's (office). 我打算去老師的辦公室。

　　5. 表示年齡的years old,表示鐘點的o'clock等常省略。

　　6. 介詞的省略。

　　在waste, spend, have difficulty等跟v-ing時，介詞in常省略，在prevent, stop等后的from常省略。

　　7. 不定式的省略。

　　（1）保留不定式符號to,省略動詞。

　　有些動詞如want, wish, hope, like, live, try, forget, prefer, mean, expect, be going, be about, be sure, be certain, be likely, be ready, be supposed, be obliged, be bound等的后面，為避免重復，只用不定式符號to表示不定式。

　　-Would you like to come to the party?

　　-I'd like to.

　　① 如果該賓語是be動詞或完成時態，則須在to之后加上be或have。

　　-Are you an engineer?

　　-No, but I want to be. 不，但我想當。

　　-He hasn't finished the task yet.

　　-Well, he ought to have. 噢，他應當完成。

　　② 如果不定式是完成被動式，要保留。

　　-The work has been done already. 工作已做完。

　　-But it needn't have been (done)

　　（2）兩個（以上）不定式并列，第一個帶to，后面的to省略。

　　Her job is to look after the children and teach them everyday English. 她的職業是照顧孩子，教他們日常英語。

　　如果兩個不定式之間有對比關系時，則不省略to。

　　To go home or to stay at school during the holiday is not yet decided. 假期回家還 是留校仍未定。

　　（3）感官動詞和使役動詞后面作賓語補足語的不定式要省略to。

　　（4）find當"發現"講時，后面作賓補的不定式。

　　①不定式符號to可以帶，也可不帶。

　　We found him (to) work hard at the experiment. 我們發現他努力做實驗。

　　②如果不定式是to be，則to不能省略。

　　She found him to be honest. 她感覺到他是誠實的。

　　（5）help當"幫助"講時，后面的賓語和賓補的不定式符號to可帶可不帶。

　　I'll help (to) do it for you. 我會幫你做些事。

　　（6）介詞but前面有動詞do，后面的不定式不帶to。

　　They did nothing but sit there. 它們坐在那無所事事。

　　（7）主語從句中有動詞do，后面作表語的不定式的to可帶可不帶。

　　All we can do now is (to) wait. 我們現在能做的一切就等。

二、 并列句中的省略

　　在不影響句意的情況下，并列句中后邊分句與前邊分句相同的詞語都可以省略。

　　They don't agree with you, neither do I (agree with you). 他們不同意你的意見，我也不同意。

三、 復合句中的省略

　　1. 主句中的省略。常見于句首或回答問題時，只用從句。

　　（1） It's too bad I lost the wallet. 真糟糕，我把包丟了。

　　（2） -why are you late?

　　-(I'm late) because my watch doesn't work.

　　2. 從句中的省略。

　　（1）賓語從句

　　①主句、從句的謂語相同時，可以省略從句中的全部謂語甚至主語。

　　She can't come, but I wonder why (she can't come).

　　②在賓語從句中常省略連詞，但當及物動詞之后跟兩個或兩個以上的賓語從句時，只有第一個連詞that可以省略。

　　（2）定語從句

　　①可以省略作賓語的關系代詞that, which或whom。

　　②在非正式文體中，關系副詞when, why, as后面的主謂結構可以省略。

　　He gave the same answer as (he had given) before. 他做出了與以前一樣的回答。

　　（3）狀語從句

　　①在時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步狀語從句中，如果主句、從句的主語一致，從句中謂詞動詞又包含be或主語是it，常可以把從句中主語和謂語的一部分省略。

　　Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 過街時要小心車輛。

　　I'll lend you one if (it is) necessary.

　　② 在由than， as引導的比較狀語從句中，在不造成誤解的前提下，任何成分都可能省略。

　　I'm taller than she (is).

　　I love you better than he (loves you).

　　You hate him as much as I (hate him).

　　（4）expect, hope, believe, guess, imagine, be afraid后，常用so或not代替從句，作簡略的肯定或否定回答。

-Is he coming back today? 他今天回來嗎？

　-I guess so. / I hope not. 我想會的。 / 但愿別回來。

（三） 補充練習

I.選用所給的動詞或詞組，并用其適當的形式填空：

see, calm down, throw into a panic , sacrifice…to, aim at, flee, terrify, prevent from, pay attention to .start out ,knock about, suffer from, read, upset, determine

1. The chairman urged the protection of wildlife ______.

2. We _____ when the lights suddenly went off.

3. With a gun in his hand, the robber _____ Mrs. Smith into handing out all her jewel.

4. To our great surprise, the naughty boy______ to devote his energy to study.

5. When the things _____ a little, we’ll try to find another solution.

6. What ___- my mother most was to see her room in a great mess.

7. The message ____ in as follows. Please try to remember it.

8. He ______ Europe a great deal, so he can speak several languages.

9. The gunshot killed one bird in the tree but sent all the others____ in every direction.

10. However strong they may seem, they can never dream of_____ us___ defending the rights of women.

11. The car’s designer’s ________ comfort _____ economy.

12. I am not feeling myself today. I _______ a bad cold, so I must go to see doctor after school..

13. She takes exercise every day, _______ losing weight.

14. The 1990s _____ the great changes in our country.

15. ______ to enter a good university, the girl spends all the time she could spare studying her lessons

II. 翻譯下列句子：

1. 那個地區遭受了大風暴的襲擊

________________________________________________

2. 沒有人能預計有多少人在地震中死亡。

___________________________________________________________

3. 多虧衛星得知，一場颶風就要來了。

_________________________________________________________________

4. 颶風威力無比，它能沉掉船只，連根拔起大樹，推翻高墻，破壞環境，造成無數人傷亡。

____________________________________________________.

5. 地震常與火山噴發一起爆發。

______________________________________________________

6. 洪水或地震無論何時何地發生，解放軍就被召集起來拯救人民。

7. 颶風刮倒了許多房屋，便使成千上萬人無家可歸。

________________________________________________________________________

8. 我不會為追求(in pursuit of)財富而犧牲自己的健康。

___________________________________________________

9. 想到還得考試他就感到沮喪。

_______________________________________________________________________

10．這些措施對防止進一步的社會動亂是必需的。

_________________________________________________

11．你能說說戰后英國的經濟狀況嗎？

____________________________________________________

12. 所有的大型金融機構今天都降低了利率。

_________________________________________________________________

13.她坦率地告訴他自己不打算嫁給他。

_________________________________________________

14.他忍不住看了她的日記。

________________________________________

15.維生素可以增強抵抗感冒和流感的能力。

__________________________________________________

16.在干旱期間有些住戶(household)的自來水供應被中斷。

___________________________________________________

17.他們堅決要求每個人都要來參加晚會。

______________________________________________

18.我沒預定(reserve)座位，但愿飯館不會客滿。

_____________________________________________________

19.他努力克服自己的羞怯。

________________________________________________________

20. 我寫報告時，他一直不停地給我一杯杯續咖啡。

_________________________________________________________

（四） 練習與測試

I.單項填空

1.____ in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing.

A. To look at B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at

2. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _______.

A. intention B. attempt C. purpose D. desire

3．Such women Tom knew he was very wise.

A．that, think B．whom, thought C．as, thought D．as, to think

4．-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?

-Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade.

A．after B．unless C．until D．when

5. Four of Robert's children were at the party, including _____, Luke.

A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D. an old one

6．--I find German grammar very difficult.

--I agree. Though grammar is poor, you pronounce very well.

A．不填；your B．不填；不填

C．the; your D．the; the

7．I thought things would get better, but it is they are getting worse.

A．before B．because C．as D. after

8. There is no night-flight to the small town. The service was ________ at the end of the summer.

A. turned over B. turned off C. taken out D. taken off

9. -Which materials can be thrown into the sea _________ on the nature of them?

-Sorry, I have no idea.

A. depends B. depended C. depending D. to depend

10. All Americans today are thinking, as well, of the families of the seven people in Space Shuttle Columbia _______ have been given a sudden shock.

A. who B. those C. whom D. they

11．-Bob’s the branches from the tree. Go and for firewood, Bill!

-Do you think I’m really for this kind of work?

A．cut away; cut it up; cut through B．cut off; cut it down; cut through

C．cut away; cut it up; cut out D．cut off; cut it down; cut out

12．-A woman was killed in the store last night.

-Have the police examined the body of ?

A．the woman to be murdered B．the woman being murdered

C．the murdered woman D．the murdering woman

13．They gave us so warm a welcome that we were moved very much .It was a sight ____we __________.

A．what ;have never forgotten B．which ;were never forgotten

C．as ;will never forget D．that ;would never forget

14．-Why was he fined？

-He happened to several flowers in the park.

A．be seen pick B．be seen picking

C．be caught to pick D．catch picking

15．John decided that he had to do something to his anger.

A．let off B．give off

C．give out D．send out

16. ---- I bought this shirt for 35 Yuan yesterday.

---- It’s________ today for only 29. You should have waited.

---- Oh, really? But how did I know?

A. for sale B. on sale C. sold out D. sold up

17. ---- Are all the people in the car injured in the accident?

---- No, _________ only the two passengers who got hurt.

A. it were B. there was C. there is D. it was

18. He tried to join the army but was ______ because of poor health.

A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down

19.It’s hard for them to get _____ to the building .

A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing

20. She has been _______ a high fever recently.

A. suffered B. suffering C. suffered from D. suffering from

II.完形填空

Tim Becker and his neighbors are doing something to make their neighborhood a trouble-free area.

When Tim Becker gets in his car to go shopping, he doesn’t 1 drive to a store and back home. He always looks 2 up and down the streets of his neighborhood. He looks for anything 3 such as strange cars, loud noises, 4 windows, or people gathering on street comers.

Tim 5 to a neighborhood watch group in Stoneville, Indians. USA. The neighborhood watch group 6 on the third Wednesday of every month. That’s 7 Tim gets together with about ten of his neighbors to discuss community 8 , Members of the neighborhood watch group want to help the police 9 their homes, streets, and families safe.

Tim Stedman, president of 10 neighborhood watch group, agrees with Tim. “People seem to think that crime (犯罪) happens to other people but not 11 them. Well, it’s never happened to me.” She said, “but I don’t think anyone has the 12 to steal from other people or to make them feel 13 sitting in their own homes.”

Alex, a member of the group, said that all the neighbors 14 out for one another. “We 15 each other’s homes. We keep watch on the neighborhood at night and on weekends. Usually a 16 of four or five of us goes out together. If something doesn’t look night, then we call the 17 .For example, if we notice a group of teenagers who seem to be looking for 18, or someone destroying property (財產), we report to the police.”

Alex feels the neighborhood watch groups 19 a lot in keeping crime down. Her husband Jim agrees, “Police are good people, but they can’t do 20 .”

1. A. yet B. still C. just D. rather

2. A. carefully B. clearly C. nervously D. coldly

3. A familiar B. unusual C. expensive D. interesting

4. A. curtained B. open C. old D. broken

5. A. attends B. belongs C. goes D. turns

6. A. meets B. quarrels C. sings D. searches

7. A where B. why C. when D. how

8. A. politics B. wealth C. health D. safety

9. A. keep B. hold C. let D. protect

10. A. its B. his C. their D. your

11. A. round B. on C. about D. to

12. A. right B. chance C. courage D. mind

13. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. disappointed D. discouraged

14. A. set B. let C. hold D. look

15. A. care B enter C. watch D manage

16. A. group B. set C. number D. crowd

17. A. judges B. police C. firemen D. doctors

18. A work B. burden C. service D. trouble

19. A. produce B. find C. get D. help

20. A. anything B. everything C. harm D. wrong

III.閱讀理解

（A）

The majority of astronauts（宇航員）from America have been men. At the start of the space programme there was strong resistance from some people against having women in space. However, some women were very keen to become astronauts and in the end they were successful. In 1978, NASA began the first training programme for women astronauts.

Judy Resnick and Christa McAuliffe were both astronauts and they were both women, but in many other ways they were very different. Both of them were on Flight STS-5L-L. Judy Resnick was born in 1949 and studied engineering at university and went on to obtain a PhD in 1977. She was a member of the first group of women selected for astronaut training in 1978, and in 1984, she became the second woman in space. During that flight, she helped to launch three new satellites and she carried out a programme of research. She was, in many ways, a professional astronaut whose whole life was devoted to space travel.

Christa McAuliffe was born in 1948 and she was an astronaut almost by accident. In 1984, NASA decided to find a teacher who could accompany astronauts into space. They hoped that she would be able to communicate with students from space and encourage every one of them to be interested in space travel. Christa was a secondary teacher in history and social studies. She was a gifted teacher and she was selected from over 11,000 applicants to go on flight STS-51-L. She was also a very good communicator and she immediately established a very good relationship with the news media(radio, television and newspapers）. It was partly because of this that there was a great deal of interest and excitement about the flight. Thousands of students in schools and universities all around the country were looking forward to communicating with Christa in space. Millions of people were watching her flight with great interest. It is partly because of the excitement over McAuliffe's place in the flight that the disaster in 1986 had such an effect on people.

1. We can learn from the first two paragraphs that ___________.

A. Judy was against the idea of having women in space at first

B. Judy was the first woman selected for astronaut training

C. Judy helped to launch three new satellites at the age of 35

D. Judy carried out a programme during her second space travel

2. Christa McAuliffe was chosen for training because _______.

A. she was popular with the news media

B. she expected to give history lessons in space

C. she was an excellent teacher and communicator

D. she made the students in space very excited

3. The reason why there was great interest in Flight STS-51-L is that ________.

A. both Christa and Judy got PhD degrees in the same year

B. a young secondary school teacher was on the flight

C. students were going to learn more about space travel

D. it was the first time for women to travel in space

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Two Astronauts B. Flight STS-51-L

C. Traveling in Space D. The Training Programme

B

A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook – but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.

The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. They are all about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at four hundred words per minute, you might skim (瀏覽) through a newspaper at perhaps 650 – 700 , while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.

Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. Tests in Minnesota, U.S.A, for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoy’s War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half – hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute.

5．According to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed is most likely to help you .

A．only in your reading of a physics textbook

B．improve your understanding of an economics textbook

C．not only in your language study but also in other subjects

D．choose the suitable materials to read

6．Which of the following does not describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the second paragraph?

A．Those beyond one’s reading comprehension

B．Those concerned with common knowledge

C．Those without much demand for specialized knowledge

D．Those with the length of about five hundred words

7．The average speed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is _____.

A．about 300 words per minute

B．about 245 words per minute

C．about 650 – 770 words per minute

D．about 500 words per minute

8．According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attended twelve half – hour lessons in the University of Minnesota?

A．You can increase your reading speed by three times

B．No real increase in reading speed can be achieved

C．Yon can increase your reading speed by four times

D．You can double your reading speed.

C

New findings suggest that brainy card games such as contract bridge may temporarily（臨時）raise production of a key blood cell including in fighting off illness. After 90 minutes of play, bridge players had increased levels of immune（免疫）cells, according to research reported last week.

A researcher, Diamond, studied bridge players from a women’s bridge club. She chose bridge players because the game includes skills stimulating（刺激）a part of the brain called the dorsolateral cortex. Earlier animal research suggests that this part of the brain may play a role in the immune system.

The findings are based on blood samples drawn from 12 women players. Their blood samples showed a rise in levels of white blood cells called T cells after they played bridge for 90 minutes. T cells are produced by the thymus gland（胸腺）and used by the immune system against diseases.

The T cell count jumped significantly in eight of the bridge players, and slightly in the other four.

The findings contribute to the field of neuroimmunology（神經免疫學）,whose name reflects the fact that the nervous system and the immune system are not considered separate and isolated（獨立的）systems. What isn’t clear is whether the help to the immune system from an activity like contract bridge is lasting or temporary. It is also not clear whether the increase in T cells could finally be targeted against special illnesses.

9．Playing bridge can help one to fight off diseases because it can ______ .

A．raise production of a key blood cell B．make people joyful

C．aid digestion D．make break away from the bad habits

10．Diamond chose to study bridge players for the research because ______ .

A．the players are good friends of hers

B．she loves playing bridge

C．this game stimulates a part of the brain that has something to do with immune system

D．she is a clever manager, who operates her bridge club well

11．A T cell is ______ cell.

A．brain

B．white blood

C．red blood

D．a kind of dangerous blood

12．Which of the following is TRUE according to this article?

A．The immune system and the brain system used to be considered separate and isolated systems.

B．The help to the immune system that is brought about by playing bridge can last for a long time.

C．Cortex is a kind of blood cell.

D．The new findings are impossible.

D

HOLIDAY HOMES IN MALLORCA

Holiday apartments in Mallorcan sailing and fishing port-quiet even in summer season. Beautifully situated apartments with views of sea and mountains, yet near to shops and restaurants. Cars and bicycles for hire. Sailing and sports clubs nearby. One-week stay costs ￡ 150.

ITALY IN COMFORT

Luxury carriage tours of Italy, out of normal holiday season.21 days to visit five Italian cities starting form London 1stMay,September.The tours are guided by Professor Martin Davis, Head of Italian Studies, London University. See the arts and culture of historic Italy.

KIBBUTZ HOLIDAYS IN ISEAEL

Working holidays on a co-operative farm in Israel. All nationalities welcome for one to three months, if prepared to work mornings with Kibbutz members. Accommodation（住）,food and trips to historic sights all provided free-you pay only for the specially low cost-return flight.

TWO WEEKS ON A CARIBBEAN ISLAND

Two-week holidays in Hotel Splendid（5-star）,on a lovely beach with golden sands and deep-blue sea. Tennis, golf, sailing and all water sports. Trips and tours around the islands arranged. Near the town of Castries with lively evening entertainment-dancing to local bands.

1stNovember-31stMarch: ￡720 per person.

1stApril-30thOctober:￡850 per person.

. Jack and his wife Mary, who have recently retired, want to see places of cultural and historic interest abroad, but Mary hates flying

. Michael, a young computer programmer, has been working hard and needs a holiday to have a rest in winter. He would like to go somewhere warm and sunny, where he can swim in the sea, and he enjoys sports and dancing.

. Harry and Kate, both teachers, and their two teenage sons, have to take their holiday during the school summer holidays. There must be plenty for the boys to do, although Harry and Kate just want beautiful scenery, good food and wine and peace.

13．Michael would most enjoy , where he can go in winter.

A．spending two weeks in Hotel Splendid on the Caribbean island

B．visiting five Italian cities starting from London

C．seeing the historic sights in Israel

D．driving cars and bicycles along the seaside in Mallorca

14．The best holiday for Jack and Mary would be .

A．the leisurely 21-day carriage tour.

B．the working holidays for 1 to 3 months on a farm

C．the splendid 14-day trip around the islands

D．the 1-week stay in holiday apartment

15．Harry and Kate and their sons would like .

A．a holiday working on a farm in Israel

B．a holiday visiting ancient cities by coach in Italy

C．a holiday on a lovely beach on the Caribbean island

D．a holiday apartment in the fishing port it Mallorca

E

Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee(裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.

Grown-ups can hardly find children’s games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.

It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.

16．What is true about children when they play games?

A．They can stop playing any time they like.

B．They can test their personal abilities.

C．They want to pick a better team.

D．They don’t need rules.

17．To become a leader in a game the child has to .

A．play well B．wait for his turn

C．be confident in himself D．be popular among his playmates

18．What do we know about grown-ups?

A．They are not interested in games.

B．They find children’s games too easy.

C．They don’t need a reason to play games.

D．They don’t understand children’s games.

19．Why does a child like playing games?

A．Because he can be someone other than himself.

B．Because he can become popular among friends.

C．Because he finds he is always lucky in games.

D．Because he likes the place where he plays a game.

20．The writer believes that .

A．children should make better rules for their games.

B．children should invite grown-ups to play with them.

C．children’s games can do them a lot of good

D．children play games without reasons

IV. 短文改錯

On one summer night, Henry was sleeping in his room 1. _____

when suddenly he woke up and sensed that something 2．

unusual. He looked out of the window and finding a 3．

store nearby on the street was in fire. He immediately 4．

shouts at the top of his voice “Fire! Fire! Help!”He 5．

phoned 119 at once and then went out to put out fire. 6．

but it was very big a fire that he couldn’t put it out 7．

by himself. Lucky enough, a lot of neighbors came out 8．

and soon firefighters arrived. The fire was finally put out 9．

and when the firefighters praised Henry his quick action, 10．

he smiled, feeling very pleased.

V.書面表達

你是李華，申請到一家外資企業工作。對方要求你用英語寫一篇短文，介紹自己的基本情況。短文應包括下表所列全部內容。

姓 名 李華 出生年月 1997年2月 出生地 遼寧大連

學 歷 1984-1990光明小學 1990-1996大連市第六中學

所學主要課程 語文、數學、英語、物理、化學、電腦

特 長 英語、電腦（去年在全校電腦競賽中獲第一名）

業余愛好 游泳、滑冰、集郵、流行音樂

第十五單元

（三）補充練習

I.

1. be paid attention to 2. were thrown into a panic 3. terrified

4. started out 5. have calmed down 6. upset

7.reads 8.has knocked about 9. fleeing

10. preventing from 11.have sacrificed…to 12.

13. am suffering from 14. aiming at 15. Determined

II.

1) The area was struck by a great storm.

2) No people can predict how many people were killed in the earthquake.

3) Thanks to satellites, we knew that a hurricane was on the way./knocking about.

4) The hurricane, with its power to sink ships, to uproot trees and to overturn strong walls, can destroy the environment and even kill numerous people.

5) Earthquakes often come together with volcanic eruptions.

6) Whenever and wherever floods or earthquakes happen, the PLA soldiers are called in to help rescue the people

7) The hurricane brought down a great number of houses, making thousands of people homeless.

8) I won’t sacrifice my health in pursuit of wealth.

9) The thought of having to take the exam depressed him.

10) These measures are necessary to prevent further social unrest.

11) Can you say something about the economic conditions in post-war Britain?

12) All the big financial institutions cut their interest rates today.

13) She told him plainly that she had no intention of marrying him.

14) He couldn’t resist taking a look at her diary.

15) Vitamins can build up your resistance to cold and flu.

16) During the drought some households had their water supply cut off.

17) They insisted that everyone should come to the party.

18) I haven’t reserved a table. I am taking a chance on the restaurant not being full.

19) He struggled to overcome his shyness.

20) He kept me well supplied with cups of coffee while I wrote the report.

（四）練習與測試

I. 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A

11. C 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. D

II. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C

11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B

III. 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C

11. B 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C

IV.

Henry was sleeping in his room on one summer night 1. on

when suddenly he woke up and sensed that something 2. that

unusual. He looked out of the window and finding a 3. found

store nearby on the street was in fire. He immediately 4． in

shouts at the top of his voice “Fire! Fire! Help!” He 5． shouted

phoned 119 at once and then went out to put out fire. 6． the

but it was very big a fire that he couldn’t put it out 7． so

by himself. Lucky enough, a lot of neighbors came out 8． Luckily

and soon firefighters arrived. The fire was finally put out 9． √

and when the firefighters praised Henry his quick action, 10． for

he smiled, feeling very pleased.

V.

One possible version:

My name is Li Hua. I was born in Dalian, Liaoning Province in February, 1997.I started school in 1984 when I was seven. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990. After that I went to No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer. The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry and computer. I like English and computer best and I am very good at them. Lat year I won first prize in the school computer competition. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps. My favorite sports are swimming in summer and skating in winter.