初二英語同步輔導(dǎo)教材
主要內(nèi)容
1. 習(xí)語：
1) hurry off 匆匆走開
2. 過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)
學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)
1. Were you reviewing lessons last night? 你昨晚復(fù)習(xí)功課了嗎？
review (vt.) 回顧, 復(fù)習(xí)
e.g. Don’t make too much noise. They are reviewing their lessons. 別吵，他們在溫習(xí)功課呢。
Sometimes it is very important for us to review the past. 有時回顧過去對我們是很重要的。
Let’s review the situation first. 讓我們先回顧一下形勢。
2. You look tired today. 你今天看上去很累。
look 為連系動詞，意思為看起來，看上去，后接形容詞，名詞，介詞短語
e.g. Those flowers look very beautiful. 那些花看上去很漂亮。
That looks like an interesting film. 那看來是部有趣的電影。
He does not look his age. 他看上去不象是有這個年紀(jì)的人。
比較look作行為動詞的用法：
e.g. She looked at the man in surprise. 她驚訝得看著那個人。
He looked up the word very carefully in the dictionary. 他很仔細(xì)地在字典里查那個單詞。
3. I had a little accident last Sunday. 上星期天我出了個小事故。
little (adj.) 小的
e.g. We live in a little house. 我們住在一間小房子里。
There is a little garden in front of their house. 他們屋前有個小花園。
little (adj.) 作“少的”意思時，用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little 表示少得幾乎沒有, 含否定意思；a little表示“有一些“。
e.g. I have too little time to finish this work. 我的時間太少了，不能完成這項工作。
There isn't much tea, but we only need a little for a cup of tea. 沒有多少茶葉了，但是我們只需要一點(diǎn)兒泡杯茶。
He speaks a little Spanish. 他會講一點(diǎn)西班牙語。
There is little water in the glass, is there? 杯子里沒什么水了吧？
a little (adv.) ＝a bit 有點(diǎn)，但not a little表示很，非常，而not a bit表示一點(diǎn)也不
e.g. He's a little better this morning. 他今天早晨稍微好了一些。
I feel a little cold.我覺得有點(diǎn)冷。
He is not a little happy. 他非常高興。
He is not a bit happy. 他一點(diǎn)也不高興。
4. A woman saw it happen when she was walking past. 一個婦女路過我身邊時看見它掉下來。
see sb./sth. do sth. 和see sb./sth. doing sth. 的區(qū)別在于前者看到的動作或行為是全過程或是經(jīng)常性的，后者則表示看見某個動作或行為正在進(jìn)行。
e.g. I often see her play the piano at home. 我經(jīng)�？匆娝诩覐椾撉�。
She saw the little boy walk into the garden. 她看見小男孩走進(jìn)花園。
I saw him knocking at the door a minute ago. 我剛才看見他在敲門。
past 在此句中作副詞“過”解，此外還可作形容詞，表示過去的，結(jié)束的，介詞（在…之后，超過），名詞（過去）等。
e.g. Days went past without any news. 時日過去，消息全無。
I went past and noticed some change in that shop. 我經(jīng)過（那里），發(fā)現(xiàn)那家店有些變化。
I've been ill for the past three weeks. 我三周來一直在生病。
Winter is past. 冬天結(jié)束了。
In the past I have had many jobs. 過去我做過許多種工作。
The time is half past 4. 現(xiàn)在是四點(diǎn)半。
5. What do you think often causes traffic accidents? 你認(rèn)為什么會導(dǎo)致交通事故？
cause (vat.) 引起, 惹起, 使(發(fā)生)
e.g. The heavy rain caused the flood. 大雨引起了洪水。
The wound isn't serious, but may cause some discomfort. 傷口并不嚴(yán)重,但可能會引起一些不舒適。
What caused his failure? 什么使得他失敗了?
cause (n.) 原因；導(dǎo)致某事發(fā)生的人、事等
e.g. The heavy rain was the cause of the flood. 大雨是導(dǎo)致洪水產(chǎn)生的原因。
Was the noise a cause of the illness? 噪音是病因嗎？
比較：reason (n.) 原因，理由 一般情況下兩者可以互換
e.g. They are trying to find out the reason (or cause) of the terrible fire. 他們正在努力查尋那次可怕的火災(zāi)的原因。
The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle. 其原因是，這架飛機(jī)又是一輛自行車。
6. The children were leaving school on Tuesday when they saw a truck. 周二那天孩子們正離開學(xué)校，這時他們看見了一輛卡車。
此句中when相當(dāng)于at this moment
7. It landed right in the middle of the road. 它正落在路中間。
land (v.)到達(dá)，登陸，落入
e.g. The spaceship landed safely. 宇宙飛船安全降落了。
The ball landed in the lake. 球落入湖中。
The plane will land in five minutes. 飛機(jī)將在五分鐘后降落。
right (adv.) 正好，恰好
e.g. Put it right in the middle. 把它放在正中間。
The wind was right in our faces. 風(fēng)迎面吹來。
Go right to the end of the street, and then turn left. 走完這條街再向左拐。
8. Let’s move the bag, or it may cause an accident. 讓我們把袋子挪開，否則要出事故的。
let后面接不帶to的不定式
e.g. My mother wouldn't let me go to the film. 我媽媽不會讓我去看電影的。 Let each man decide for himself. 讓每個人自己決定。
let’s所引導(dǎo)的祈使句的反意疑問句與其它祈使句有所不同，Let’s…, shall we?
而let us…則同其他祈使句，為will you？
e.g. Let’s go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 我們今晚去看電影吧，好嗎？
Let us do it ourselves, will you? 讓我們自己做，好嗎？
or為連詞，意為“否則”
e.g. Put on your overcoat, or you will catch a cold. 穿上大衣，不然你會著涼。
He must pay the debt or else go to prison. 他必須還債,否則就得去坐牢。
Be quick, or you'll miss the bus. 快走,否則你要趕不上公共汽車了。
9. He did not see the bag until it was too late. 他看見這袋米的時候已經(jīng)太遲了。
not…until直到…才 注意：not后面的動詞一般是非延續(xù)性的，若until前為延續(xù)性動詞，則不需用否定形式。
e.g. We can't go until Thursday. 我們要到星期四才能去。
I couldn't sew until I was six. 我直到六歲時才會用針縫東西。
It was not until yesterday that I noticed it. 直到昨天我才注意到這件事。
He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. 他一直等到火山平息下來,兩天后他才得以重回火山上。
10. The man lay on the road. 那人躺在路上。
lie (v.)作“躺，位于”時，過去時和過去分詞分別為lay, lain；作“撒謊”時，則為lied, lied。
e.g. He was lying in the shade of the tree. 他正躺在樹蔭下。
She lay down on her bed. 她躺在床上。
Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中國的東部。（接壤為lie on, 不接壤為lie to, 在范圍內(nèi)為lie in）
It is very obvious that he lied to her. 很明顯，他向她撒謊了。
11. Luckily, he was not badly hurt. 僥幸的是，他傷得不太重。
luckily (adv.) 僥幸地，幸運(yùn)地
e.g. Luckily, the police came right away. 很幸運(yùn)，警察馬上就來了。
Luckily, I got the first prize. 很幸運(yùn)，我得了一等獎。
badly (adv.)嚴(yán)重地，非常
e.g. She was badly hurt when she fell from the ladder. 她從梯子上跌下來,傷得
很厲害。
The trucks are badly in need of repair. 這些卡車急需修理。
The thieves' car was badly damaged and easy to recognize. 賊車被撞壞得很厲害,容易辨認(rèn)出來。
12. It’s really nice of you. 你們真的太好了。
It’s nice/ good/ kind/ clever/ /stupid… of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是太好/善良/明智/愚蠢了
e.g. It is very clever of you not to listen to him. 你沒聽他的真是太明智了。
It is really kind of her to help that old man. 她幫助那位老人真是太好了。
13. As quickly as she could, Miss Zhao got a medicine box. 趙老師盡可能快地拿到了醫(yī)藥箱。
as…as sb. can (could) = as …as possible 盡可能
e.g. I will return as soon as I can. 我會盡早回來的。
He finished the work as fast as he could. 他盡快完成了工作。
He jumped as high as he could. 他盡可能跳得高些。
14. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Zhao hurried off to look after the man. 趙老師挾著醫(yī)藥箱，匆忙趕去照看那個人。
“with + 賓語+ 介詞短語/副詞/形容詞/分詞”常用來表示伴隨，作狀語。
e.g. With a book in her hand, she walked into the library. 她手里拿著書，走進(jìn)圖書館。
He likes to sleep with the light on. 他喜歡開著燈睡覺。
hurry (v.) 趕緊，匆忙
e.g. I'm late - I must hurry (up)! 我遲了，我必須趕緊點(diǎn)了。
He hurried across the rails in front of a train. 他匆匆地趕在一列火車前面穿過了鐵軌。
I hurried to the ticket-office. 我趕緊到售票處。
hurry (n.) 匆忙，倉促
e.g. You always seem to be in a hurry. 你似乎總是很匆忙。
I'm not in a / any hurry to change my job. 我并不急于想調(diào)工作。
What's the hurry? 干嗎這么急?
鞏固練習(xí)：
I.選出劃線部分讀音與其他三個不同的選項：
( )1.A. novel B. video C. piano D. radio
( )2.A. accident B. pick C. picture D. diary
( )3.A. Russian B. lucky C. computer D. run
( )4.A. traffic B. rice C. corner D. accident
( )5.A. cause B. girls C. choose D. suddenly
II. 根據(jù)句意填寫單詞（首字母已給出）：
1. Why not watch v_________ tapes tonight?
2. Tom writes a d_________ every day.
3. He could not save the old man without the m___________ box. H_________ up! You are already late.
4. The bookshop is in the c__________ of the street.
III. 翻譯下列詞組及短語：
1. 撿起錢包 _________________________________________
2. 還給某人 _________________________________________
3. 導(dǎo)致交通事故 _________________________________________
4. 圍在某人周圍 _________________________________________
5. 趕緊走開，匆忙離去 _________________________________________
6. 盡快 _________________________________________
7. 門房 _________________________________________
8. 不客氣，不用謝。 _________________________________________
IV. 選擇最合適的答案：
( )1. They are reviewing their lessons now. Here “review” means______.
A. read B. go over C. learn D. recite
( )2. There is ______ egg in the bowl.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
( )3. There are only a few ______ in the bag.
A. apples B. apple C. rice D. rices
( )4. His glasses ______ on the ground when he was climbing the tree.
A. was dropping B. dropped C. was dropped D. has dropped
( )5. She picked ______ and gave it to me.
A. it on B. on it C. it up D. up it
( )6. –You don’t look _____ today.
--Yes, I feel very _____.
A. good, tired B. good, tiring C. well, tiring D. well, tired
( )7. Here are two ______ for you.
A. bag of rice B. bag of rices C. bags of rice D. bags of rices
( )8. They did not leave Nanjing _____ May.
A. until B. before C. after D. when
( )9. He ______ there until the end of last month.
A. went B. stayed C. visited D. would go
( )10.Zhejiang lies ______ the southeast of Jiangsu.
A. / B. to C. on D. in
( )11.Susan ran as fast as she ______.
A. possible B. did C. could D. can
( )12.“They were badly hurt.” means ___________.
A. They were hurt and they became bad.
B. They were hurt by some bad people.
C. They were hurt because they were bad.
D. They were hurt a lot.
( )13._______ he got the answer at last.
A. Luckily B. Luck C. Without luck D. With luck
( )14.Let’s ______, _____ we will be late.
A. to hurry, or B. hurry, or C. to hurry, and D. hurry, but
( )15.Let’s go out to fly the kite, _________?
A. will you B. do you C. do we D. shall we
( )16.Do you know what _____ the accident?
A. caused B. to cause C. made D. to make
( )17.“He is not a little satisfied.” means ___________.
A. He is not a bit satisfied.
B. He is not satisfied at all.
C. He is very satisfied.
D. He is a little bit satisfied.
( )18.______ a book in her hand she walked into the classroom.
A. Hold B. Carry C. With D. Bring
V. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空：
1. He saw the bag fall ____________ the truck.
2. The bus is coming _____________ the corner.
3. Don’t crowd _____________ him.
4. When he walked _________ the shop, he saw something interesting in the window.
5. He was riding ____________ the road happily.
6. It’s really nice ____________ you to help me.
VI. 選擇適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z，用其正確形式填空:
pick up, give back, forget the time, lie on, hurry up, crowd round, as…as sb. can
1. When will you __________my book _____________ to me?
2. He was so interested in the program that he even ______________.
3. He saw the little boy _______________ the wallet.
4. It is not proper to _____________ others.
5. He ___________ the bed with a book in his hand.
6. He tries to read _______ clearly ____________.
7. __________________! The bus is leaving.
VII. 完成下列各句：
1. 你做出這樣的決定是明智的。
It is __________ _______ you ___________ _________ that decision.
2. 別客氣，這是我們應(yīng)該做的。
_________ _____________ ______. This is what we _________ do.
3. 她匆忙趕往操場。
She _________ _________ __________ the playground.
4. 僥幸的是，司機(jī)傷的不太厲害。
___________, the driver was not _________ _________.
5. 讓我們自己做吧，好嗎？
________ _________ do it ______, ______ ______?
VIII. 完形填空：
Each morning a rich man found a poor man sitting on a park bench（長凳）. The poor man always sat there, looking at the big hotel in which the rich man lived. One day the rich man got out of his car and said to the poor man, “Excuse me, but I just want to know why you sit here and look at my hotel every _____.” “Sir,” said the poor man, “I am a failure（失敗者）. I have no money, no family, no home. I sleep on this bench, and every night I _____ that one day I’ll sleep in the hotel.” The rich man said, “Tonight your dream will come _____. I’ll _____ for the best room in that hotel for you for a whole month.”
A _____ days later, the rich man went by the poor man’s room to ask him how he was enjoying _____. To his ______, he found the man had moved out of the hotel, back to his park bench. When the rich man asked _____, the poor man said, “You see, when I’m down here sleeping on my bench, I dream I’m up there, in that big hotel. It’s a ______ dream. But when I was up there, I dreamed I was back to this cold bench. It was a terrible dream, and I couldn’t get any ______ at all.”
( )1.A. day B. morning C. night D. time
( )2.A. think B. hope C. dream D. wish
( )3.A. true B. truly C. real D. really
( )4.A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay
( )5.A. little B. few C. many D. lot
( )6.A. itself B. the hotel C. themselves D. himself
( )7.A. surprise B. joy C. sadness D. happiness
( )8.A. the reason B. when C. how D. why
( )9.A. terrible B. wonderful C. sad D. angry
( )10A.food B. sleep C. music D. air
參考答案
I. 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D
II. 1. video 2. diary 3. medicine 4. Hurry 5. corner
III. 1. to pick up the wallet 2. to give back to sb. 3. to cause a traffic accident 4. to crowd round sb. 5. to hurry off 6. as quickly as one can 7. the gatekeeper’s room 8. Don’t mention it.
IV. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. B until前沒有not，所以要用延續(xù)性動詞 10. C 接壤用on 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 16. A 17. C 注意not a little和not a bit的區(qū)別 18. C
V. 1. off 2. round 3. round 4. past 5. along 6. of
VI. 1. give, back 2. forgot the time 3. picking up 4. crowd round 5. lay on 6. as, as he could 7. Hurry up
VII. 1. clever of 2. to make 3. Don’t mention it, should 4. hurried off to 5. Luckily, badly hurt 6. Let us, ourselves, will you
VIII. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. B