Language tips

Lesson 37

1. There seems to be something wrong with it.

There 除了和be連用表示 “有”的意思外， 還可以和 seem，appear，live，stand等連用。 e.g. There seems to be no question about it. 這件事好像沒有問題了。

There stands a beautiful mountain near the village.

Once there lived a tiger in a forest.

2. run vi. 意思是（染料，顏色等）滲開，擴(kuò)散，褪去。

e.g. The colour of the trousers ran.

The color of this T-shirt runs easily.

也可作“跑，延伸，行駛”等解。

The road runs along the river.

How often do the buses run here.？

He runs faster than I.

還可作vt，意思是經(jīng)營。

John runs the factory.

相關(guān)短語： run across 偶然遇見 run after 追趕 run away 逃走

run into 與…相撞 run out of 用完

I ran across Mr Wang in the street.

The police ran after that thief.

At the sight of the police, the thief ran away.

When he was walking in the street, he ran into a car.

I’ve run out of my ink.

His money ran out.

3. or else 意思是”否則”, 相當(dāng)于otherwise, or else 后的分句常省略, 其語氣變?yōu)榭謬?

e.g. Get up or else you will be late.

Do as I tell you, or else.

He must be joking, or else he’s mad.

4. I’m not that foolish. 句中的副詞that 相當(dāng)于so. 意思是”那樣,那么”

The problem isn’t that easy.

He cannot walk that far.

I only can tell you that much.

5. It looks as if it hasn’t been washed following the instructions.

It looks as if…. 看來似乎…, 看來好像.. as if 引導(dǎo)的是表語從句.

e.g. It looks as if I will have to turn to him.

It looks as if he doesn’t know the cause.

句中的following the instruction 作方式狀語, 相當(dāng)于according to the instructions

follow 意思是 “按照…行事”

I followed his advice.

You should do things following the rules.

6. fault n. – sth that makes a person . thing imperfect (可數(shù)名詞) 缺陷,毛病,瑕疵

She loves me in spite of all my faults. 雖然我有種種缺點(diǎn),她仍然愛我.

Her only fault is excessive shyness. 她唯一的缺點(diǎn)就是過分害羞.

There is a fault in the electrical system. 電路系統(tǒng)有了毛病.

at fault – in the wrong state ,at a loss 出錯(cuò),茫然

My memory was at fault.

find fault with ---complain 抱怨,挑剔, 對(duì)…吹毛求疵

I have no fault to find with your work. 我對(duì)你的工作無可挑剔.

(不可數(shù)名稱) 過失, 過錯(cuò)---- responsibility for being done

Whose fault is it that we are late?

The fault lies with you, not with me. 錯(cuò)在你,不在我.

vt. 挑剔,吹毛求疵

No one could fault his performance.

7. I insisted that you give me my money back.

insist 意思是 “堅(jiān)持要求…” 其后跟that 從句用虛擬語氣, 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 “should + 動(dòng)詞原形” 或 原形動(dòng)詞.

e.g. The doctor insisted that John give up smoking.

He insisted that I not go there with them.

I insisted that she should lend me the novel.

insist on/upon +n. /doing sth

He insisted on his correctness.

She insisted on going there.

We insisted on his coming to the party.

另外，insist還可作“主張，堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)稱”解。 其后跟that 從句用陳述語氣。

e.g .He insisted that he was right.

He insisted that he had seen Jim somewhere.

8. change … for…把…換成 I want to change the smaller TV set for a bigger one.

The teacher changed his TV set for a computer.

change…into…把…變成 Change water into ice.

Vt. 兌換,更換,改變 Can you change a 50-yuan note?

When you go abroad, you’d better change Renminbi into dollars.

Lesson 38

1. serve vt. ，vi 意思是“接待，服侍，招呼”，例如：

How can we serve you? 需要我們?yōu)槟惴��?wù)嗎？

Are you being served? 有沒有人過來照料你？

也可作“為 。。。服務(wù)， 效力，為。。。工作”等解。例如：

She served the family as a cook for 10 years.

We will serve our country and our people all our heart and soul.

His brother is serving in the army now.

還可作“端出， 等候某人吃飯”解。例如：

They usually serve tea at 3:00. 他們經(jīng)常在三點(diǎn)鐘供應(yīng)茶水。

Dinner is served。 晚餐已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。

serve的名詞形式為 service ，意思是“服務(wù)， 貢獻(xiàn)，功勞”。 例如：

He was rewarded for his service to our city. 他因?qū)Ρ臼械呢暙I(xiàn)而獲獎(jiǎng)。

You need the services of a doctor.

The service in the hotel is very good.

2. try...on 意思是“試穿 （衣服，鞋帽）， on 是副詞。

I tried the cap on, it was all right.

You should try on the shoes before you buy them.

Do you like them? Try them on.

3. judge vi 意思是（根據(jù)。。。）判斷。例如：

I judge that he is the best for the job.

She couldn’t judge whether he was telling the truth.

Judging by (from) his accent, he is from the south.

也可作“審判，判決” 解。例如：

Who will judge the next case?

The court judged him guilty. 法庭判他有罪。

judge 作名詞時(shí)， 意思是“法官，裁判，鑒定家” 例如：

He is a High Court judge.

She is a judge of a speech contest. 她是一場(chǎng)演講比賽的裁判。

judge的名詞形式為：judgement。意思是“判斷力， 判斷，判決，”等。

My personal judgement is that he is to blame.

He is a man of poor judgemant.

9. I just didn’t wish to put you to the trouble of changing a large note.

1) didn’t wish 是表示說這句話之前“不想， ” 而 不是現(xiàn)在， 所以用一般過去式。

e.g。 I didn’t know you were John.

I thought you would come。

――Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it.

―― It’s 9568442.

2) put sb to the trouble of doing sth 意思是“讓某人感到為難去干某事” ， 例如：

I’m sorry to have put you to the trouble of helping my son.

He put me to the trouble of copying the report. 他讓我抄寫這份報(bào)告， 給我添了許多麻煩。

另外，ask for trouble 自找麻煩 look for trouble 招災(zāi)惹禍

take trouble to do sth 費(fèi)力做某事 get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困境

10． I apologize.= I am very sorry.

apologize vi. apologize to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉

You must apologize to her for what you have done.

I must apologize for not being able to meet you.

其名詞是apology， 短語make an apology to sb for sth

11．Is anything the matter? ＝What’s wrong?

12. change n. 意思是“零錢”。例如：

That’s ten dollars, and here’s your change.

－Can you give some change for this one hundred dollars?

－Sorry, I’m short of change myself.

13. To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire! Tod’s a fool.

＝How foolish of Tod to sell such a cheap suit as that to a millionaire!

這種不定式短語單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，常表示驚異。氣憤。祝愿等情緒，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)由what、how 引起的感嘆句。

e.g. To think you should say so! 真想不到你會(huì)說出這種話。

To ask such easy questions! 竟然問這樣一些簡單的問題。

14. Ah, here’s the thing I’m after. =Ah, here’s the suit I’m looking for.

be after 意思是“想得到某物” ， “追捕， 搜尋”。例如：

Jim is after another job. 吉姆在找另一份工作。

This is the very book I’m after.

The police are after the murderer.

The cat is after the rat.

15. Do me a favor to put on this suit.

Do sb a favor / do a favor for sb意思是“幫某人一個(gè)忙”，是請(qǐng)人幫忙的客套用語。 如果表示請(qǐng)人幫忙做某事時(shí)，則用 do sb the favour to do sth， 且the 不可改為a。例如：

Will you do me the favor to work out the problem?

I will do him the favor to carry the box.

Will you do me a favor?

We all want to do him a favor.

另外， in favor of 支持 ask a favor of 拜托 in favor 得寵

16.They fit very well.

fit vi。 ---be the right shape and size for sb 合適，合身　

e.g. Those shoes doesn’t fit me.　

　　 Her coat fits exactly.　　

adj. –suitable 常作表語, 意思是適宜,合適, 適當(dāng)

be fit for sb/ sth be fit to do sth

The food was not fit for human consumption/ not fit to eat. 這食物不適宜吃.

adj. –in good heath 健康的

World-class athletes are extremely fit.

He keeps himself fit by running 5 miles every day.

17. But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.

make … to one’s own measure 意思是 “根據(jù)某人的尺寸做…”

e.g. It seems that the coat is made to your own measure.

I want to make a pair of shoes to my own measure.

18.You can trust us,sir.

trust vt. 意思是 “信任,信賴”

e.g. You shouldn’t trust that man.

Don’t trust me, but trust your own judgement.

trust sb to do sth “放心托付某人做…”

You might trust her to do the work.

trust that…. 相信….

I trust that you will enjoy your trip.

Everything went all right, I trust. 我想一切都順利吧.

也可作 “寄希望于…, 指望, 托付, 委托”

You can’t trust the buses to run on time. 你別指望公共汽車會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)行駛.

I can’t trust her with my car. 我不能托她保管我的車.

trust 作名詞用時(shí), 可作 “信賴, 信任”解. 是不可數(shù)名詞, 常與in 連用.

Please put trust in her. 請(qǐng)信任她.

I have no trust in him. 我不信任他.

believe 意思也是 “相信’”. 但主要指相信某人的話, 若指信任某人的品格或信仰理論則用believe in.

They believed you’re right.

I don’t believe that they can win the game.

We believe in Marxism.我們信仰馬克思主義理論.

19. depend on / upon 意思是 “取決于…” “視…而定” , 但不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 也不可用被動(dòng)語態(tài).

The time of departure depends on the weather . 出發(fā)時(shí)間視天氣而定.

Whether he will go depends on your decision. 他是否去那兒取決于你的決定.

還可作 “依靠, 依賴”

You can’t depend on your parents forever.

He depends upon his uncle for his school fees after his father’s death. 父親死后, 他依靠叔父張羅學(xué)費(fèi).

depend on + wh從句

Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.

When I go home depends on when we finish the task.

20. I can’t order these clothes, unless you can wait some time, or change this note.

order vt . 意思是 “訂購”. 例如:

They ordered a meal.

He ordered a book from the publisher for himself.

其基本意思是 “命令”. 例如:

The chairman ordered silence.

The naughty boy was ordered out of the room.

order + that從句, 從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用 “should+動(dòng)詞原形” 或 “動(dòng)詞原形”.

The doctor ordered that I should take a rest for a week.

The teacher ordered that we hand in our exercise books after class.

作為名詞, 意思是 “訂購, 訂貨”, 或 “指示,命令”

He gave the bookstore an order for the book.

The lady placed an order for a baby-bed at that department.

He gave orders that the work should be started at once.

His order is that we all should go there at once.

in order 有順序的 out of order 雜亂的

in apple-pie order整整齊齊 a tall order 難完成的事

21.drop in 順便到…, 偶爾訪問.

drop in on sb 順便拜訪某人 drop in at some place 順便拜訪某地

She dropped in on me yesterday.

If I have time, I’ll drop in at your house.

drop in for sth 順便討東西

As it was very hot yesterday, a few children dropped in for some water.

drop in to do sth 順便做某事

Yesterday some friends dropped in to see me.

22. show sb out 引領(lǐng)某人出去 Please show this gentleman out.

show sb in / show sb into sth 引領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)入 We were shown into the living-room.

show sb around/round sth 帶某人參觀某地 He showed us around the big factory.

show off 炫耀,賣弄 The mother likes to show off her daughters.

Lesson 39

1.She did the buttons in such a way that one at the bottom was not done up.

do up意思是 “綁, 系, 扣上”, 例如:

Do your skirt up. 把你裙子上的扣子扣好.

The shirt does up at the side. 那件襯衫從側(cè)面扣扣子.

還可作 “包…, 捆…,” “梳理, 整理”, “打扮”等解.

You are good at doing up things.

She is doing her hair up.

He did himself up for the party.

2. What’s worse , this wine was not at all suitable for drinking with a meal.

1) what’s worse “更糟糕的是”, 在句中用作插入語, 起著承上啟下的作用.

What’s worse, he fell ill.

What was worse, it began to rain.

2) be suitable for sb/sth/doing 適合于…, 宜于.

These magazines are suitable for women to read.

The place is suitable for a party.

This kind of plant is suitable for eating.

3. Finally, he did not give her the right change, but keep back five pounds.

keep back “保留,留下, 扣下”

They keep back twenty yuan from my salary for insurance. 他們每月從我的工資中扣下二十元錢作為保險(xiǎn)費(fèi).

If you keep back my pay, I’ll fire you. 如果你扣我的報(bào)酬,我將炒你的魷魚.

也可作 “使…后退或離開, 隱瞞, 抑制” 等解.

The police kept the crowd back, because there was danger.由于有危險(xiǎn)，警察讓群眾后退。

I kept the bad news back from her.

4． No matter 的用法

no matter 是連詞詞組， 作“不論， 不管”解，常用于表示讓步的狀語從句中， 常用于下列的句型中： No matter what (who, when, how, where etc.) + 主句 例如：

No matter what he said, I didn’t believe him.

No matter how proud he was, he was afraid to face me.

No matter where he goes, he’s welcome.

No matter + whether, how many, how much, whose…

No matter how much I have to pay, I’ll take it.

No matter whether you have time or not, you must go there.

No matter + 特殊疑問詞 結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的從句， 可以放在主句之前，也可放在之后

Don’t open the door, no matter who knocks it.= No matter who knocks the door, don’t open it

No matter whose box it is, it will be kept until the owner returns.= It will be kept until the owner returns, no matter whose box it is.

　

　

Language record

In this unit I have learned to say in English:

Useful Expressions:

服裝店 店員/ 營業(yè)員

依靠/信賴 幫某人一個(gè)忙

買套衣服 憑衣服來判斷顧客

扣最下邊的紐扣 被門鉤住

Sentences:

1．我身邊沒有小鈔票。

2．看上去這位婦女好像不是那孩子的親媽。

3.這才是我要找的東西。

4．我來給你量量這件襯衫的尺寸。

5．這家酒店提供的服務(wù)最好。

6．她決定通過調(diào)查研究來檢驗(yàn)這個(gè)看法。

7．更糟的是，這種酒根本不適合在進(jìn)餐時(shí)飲用。