作者：籍萬杰
1. Their population has now increased to 435,000,and today they make up about 13﹪ of the population. 如今毛利人口已經增加到約44萬人,約占總人口的13﹪。
1) make up意為"彌補;編造;組成;構成;占;化妝;安排、拼湊成"等。例如:
The teacher helped him make up the lessons he had missed when he was ill. 老師幫他補上了他生病時所缺的課。
Our teacher asked us to make up a dialogue in groups. 老師要求我們按小組來編對話。
The whole story is made up. 整個故事都是編造的。
I object to the way the committee is made up. 我反對委員會的組成方式。
She never goes out without making herself up first. 她不化妝是從不外出的。
I can make up a bed for you on the floor. 我能為你鋪個地鋪。
2) be made up of是make up"組成;構成"的被動形式。例如:
This medical team is made up of five doctors and ten nurses. 這支醫療隊是由五位醫生和十位護士組成的。
3) make up for意思是"補償;彌補"。例如:
This beautiful autumn makes up for the wet summer. 今年秋色宜人,彌補了夏季潮濕的缺點。
[原題再現]
The world is ________ seven continents and four oceans.
A. made up of B. made out of C. made from D. made in
答案: A
2. At the time of his death, one person praised him as follows: "Future generations, it may be, will hardly believe that such a person as this walked upon this earth."在他逝世的時候,有一個人對甘地作了如下的贊譽:"后代人也許難以相信,在這個人世間,曾經有這樣一個人走過。"
1) as follows 是固定詞組,意思是"如下"。例如:
The results are as follows: Philip Carter 1st, Sam Cohen 2nd, Sandra Postlethwaite 3rd. 結果如下:菲利普?卡特第一名,薩姆?科恩第二名,桑得拉?波斯爾思韋特第三名。
2) such后跟單數可數名詞時,應在such后加不定冠詞,不定冠詞不能位于such之前。例如:
It was such a lovely day we decided to go for a picnic. 天氣非常好,我們決定到郊外去野餐。
[原題再現]
It is ________ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.
A. so unusual
反意疑問句是高考重要考點,其構成形式是"肯定 + 否定"和"否定 + 肯定",但也有一些特例。本文結合高考試題,對反意疑問句的易考點進行歸納。
1. 陳述句部分的謂語是be, had better或情態動詞等時,反意疑問句仍用這些動詞。
[原題再現]
Bill's aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising on TV is illegal, ________?
A. isn't it B. is it C. isn't he D. is he
答案: A
2. 陳述部分的謂語是have時,若have作"有"解,反意疑問部分用have (has) 或do (does)的肯定或否定式; 若have作使役動詞,則只能用do (does, did)的適當形式進行反問。
[原題再現]
His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ________she?
A. did B. had C. didn't D. hadn't
答案: C
3. 陳述部分含有no, never, seldom, hardly, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定意義的詞時,反意疑問部分用肯定形式;但陳述部分若使用含有否定意義的前綴或后綴的詞時,反意疑問部分仍然使用否定形式。
[原題再現]
He seldom has lunch at school, ________?
A. hasn't he B. has he C. doesn't he D. does he
答案: D
4. 陳述部分的謂語動詞是"must + have + 過去分詞"表推測時,若強調對過去情況的推測(一般有過去時間狀語),反意疑問部分用"didn't + 主語";若強調動作的完成(一般沒有過去時間狀語),則反意疑問部分的謂語動詞用"haven't / hasn't + 主語"。
[原題再現]
There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, ________?
A. didn't they B. don't they C. mustn't they D. haven't they
答案: D
5. 陳述部分的主語是everyone, everybody, anyone, anybody, someone, no one等不定代詞時,其疑問部分的主語可根據句子的內涵選用he或they。例如:
Everyoneknows his job, doesn't he?
Everyone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble, hadn't they?
6. 陳述部分的主語是something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代詞,其疑問部分的主語一般用it。例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it?
Nothing goes well, does it?
7. 陳述部分是there be句型時,反意疑問部分用"...there?"。
[原題再現]
There's not much news in today's paper, ________?
A. isn't it B. are there
C. is there D. aren't there
答案: C
8. 陳述部分謂語含有used to時,反意疑問部分可用usedn't,也可用didn't;陳述部分含有ought to時,反意疑問部分可用oughtn't或shouldn't兩種形式。例如:
Tom used to make fun of Peter, usedn't / didn't he?
We ought to learn the law knowledge by heart, oughtn't / shouldn't we?
9. 陳述部分的主語是this, that,不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句時,反意疑問部分的主語用it;陳述部分的主語是these, those時,反意疑問部分的主語用they。例如:
This is a most wonderful place, isn't it?
Learning a foreign language well takes a long time, doesn't it?
That they are close friends doesn't seem true, does it?
10. 陳述部分的主語后有同位語從句或定語從句修飾時,反意疑問部分仍應對主句主語進行反問。
[原題再現]
The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ________?
A. did they B. di dn't they C. did it D. didn't it
答案: D
11. 陳述部分為含有賓語從句的主從復合句時,通常要對主句主語進行反問;但若陳述部分是"I (don't) think / suppose / believe / imagine / expect等 + 賓語從句"時,要對賓語從句的主語進行反問,同時要注意否定轉移現象。
[原題再現]
I don't suppose anyone will volunteer, ________?
A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they
答案: C
12. 陳述部分為祈使句時,不論祈使句是肯定形式還是否定形式,反意疑問部分通常用will you;但Let's引起的祈使句的反意疑問句部分通常用shall we。
[原題再現]
If you want help-money or anything, let me know, ________ you?
A. don't B. will C. shall D. do
答案: B
B. such unusual
C. such an unusual
D. so an unusual
答案: C