1. consider的基本用法。
① vt. 考慮、思考。后接名詞或動名詞或疑問詞 + 不定式或從句。
e.g. We must consider it very carefully.我們必須認(rèn)真考慮這件事。
We considered going to see the film.我們考慮去看這部電影。
He was considering how to do the work.他正在考慮怎樣做這項(xiàng)工作。
He considered how he should answer the question.他考慮怎樣回答這個(gè)問題。
②認(rèn)為，把……當(dāng)作，后常接從句或復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
e.g. He considered me(as)a friend.他把我當(dāng)成朋友。
They considered me too young to do the work.他們認(rèn)為我太年輕，不能干這份工作。
We considered him to be a good student.我們認(rèn)為他是個(gè)好學(xué)生。
We considered him to have seen the film.我們認(rèn)為他已看過這部電影。
③consider用于被動語態(tài)中。
He is considered to have much experience.他被認(rèn)為富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
The situation there was considered to be very good.大家認(rèn)為那里的形勢非常好。
2. means方法、手段、工具，單復(fù)數(shù)同形，要根據(jù)具體語境確定其單復(fù)數(shù)，它常用于下面一些短語中，by means of通過……的方式，by this/that/these/those means通過這種（那種，這些，那些）方式。by no means決不。
way常與in連用，in this way用這種方法。means為動詞，意為“打算”時(shí)后接不定式，意為“意味著”時(shí)后接動名詞。meaning為名詞，意為“意義，含義”。
e.g. Thoughts are expressed by means of words。思想是借助語言文字來表達(dá)的。
He hopes to solve the problem by peaceful means.他希望通過和平的手段來解決問題。
There seems no means of knowing it.似乎無法知道它。
3. experience n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不可數(shù)名詞經(jīng)歷，可數(shù)名詞
vt. 體驗(yàn)
experienced adj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，老練的，熟練的
e.g. Our country has experienced great changes in the last fifty years.
She is a teacher with twenty years’ experience.
Our journey was quite an experience.
He experienced great hardship for the first time in his life.
He is very experienced in money matters.
4. watch out 當(dāng)心，小心。如果加賓語，需借助介詞for
e.g. Watch out! There is a car coming.
Watch out for cars when you cross the street.
Watch out for the thief while you are shopping.
5.danger n. 危險(xiǎn),為抽象名詞,常用作不可數(shù)名詞,可用于下面短語中:in danger在危險(xiǎn)中,be in danger of有……危險(xiǎn)，out of danger脫險(xiǎn)，其形容詞為dangerous。
e.g. We should help others whenever they are in danger.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助有危險(xiǎn)的人們。
He was in danger of losing life at that time.他那時(shí)有生命危險(xiǎn)。
He has been very ill，but the doctors say that he is now out of danger.
區(qū)別：dangerous 和in danger
dangerous 表示“危險(xiǎn)的”，指句子的主語對別人有危害。in danger表示“處于危險(xiǎn)的狀態(tài)里”，指句子的主語的處境。
e.g.(1) He told me that the girl was in danger, so I went to help her.
(2) The man was dangerous, we must be careful with him.
danger如果用于抽象名詞具體化，即指“有危險(xiǎn)的人（物），危害”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞。
e.g. A busy street is a danger to children.
Do you know the dangers of smoking?你知道抽煙的危害性嗎？
6. protect vt. 保護(hù)
e.g. The soldiers were fighting to protect their country.戰(zhàn)士們正在為保衛(wèi)祖國而戰(zhàn)。
②protect … from保護(hù)……不受……的影響, 而prevent/stop/keep…from…意為“阻止……做某事”
e.g. (1) The doctors try to protect people from SARS.醫(yī)生們努力保護(hù)人民不受到非典的影響。
(2) I will protect you from danger.我會保護(hù)你不受到危險(xiǎn)（威脅）。
(3) The trees will protect the sand from being washed away.這些樹會保護(hù)土壤不被沖走。
(4) The rain prevented us from going out.
(5) We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun.
(6) We wear sunglasses to prevent the sun from hurting our eyes.
7. as with hiking = as it is with hiking 就像進(jìn)行徒步旅行一樣，作方式狀語，其中it is 省略。
as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中如果是it is+ 表語，it is可以省略，如as soon as possible = as soon as it is possible.
e.g. As (it is) with many developing countries, China is in great need of science and technology.
就像許多發(fā)展中國家一樣，中國急需要科學(xué)和技術(shù)。
e.g. As (it was) with two years ago, some parents try to send their children to key schools.
就像兩年前一樣，有些家長盡力將其孩子送到重點(diǎn)中學(xué)就讀。
8. separate vt. 分開，分隔，分散
e.g. (1)The Channel separates France and England.
(2) We talked until midnight and then separated.
(3) Please separate the good apples from the bad ones.
adj. 單獨(dú)的，分隔的，隔開的
e.g.(1) They have gone to separate places.
(2) The children sleep in separate beds.
separate 與divide的區(qū)別
separate 是指把原來在一起的東西或人分開，隔開。
divide是把某人或某物由整體分成若干部分。
e.g. Separate the two boys who are fighting, will you?
Father divided the cake into six parts for us.
9. prefer寧可、寧愿、更喜歡，后面可接名詞、動名詞或不定式作賓語，它本身是指兩個(gè)中更喜歡哪一個(gè)，因而句子中不再出現(xiàn)比較級。
There is tea or coffee. Which would you prefer?有咖啡或茶，你喜歡哪樣？
I prefer walking to cycling.我愿意步行，不愿意騎自行車。
Their father prefers them to be home early.他們的父親希望他們早點(diǎn)回家。
She prefer to be alone.她寧愿獨(dú)自一人。
Prefer的常用句型
prefer + n. / doing
prefer + to do / sb. to do
prefer A to B
prefer to do rather than do
10. as well as的用法
(1)as well as作“和、同”解，具有連詞性質(zhì)，常用來連接兩個(gè)并列的成分。如果連接兩個(gè)并列的主語時(shí)，謂語動詞應(yīng)當(dāng)與前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。
e.g. Einstein was a violinist as well as a physicist.
She is clever as well as beautiful.
My son as well as I enjoys music.
The teacher as well as the students wants to go there.
(2)在表達(dá)“不但……而且……”之意時(shí)，“as well as”側(cè)重前項(xiàng)，而“not only…but also…”側(cè)重后項(xiàng)。連接并列主語時(shí)，“not only…but also…”按照就近一致的原則確定謂語動詞的形式。如：
He knows French as well as English.
=He knows not only English but also French.
他不僅懂英語，而且懂法語。
The boy is lively as well as healthy.
=The boy is not only healthy but also lively.
這男孩既健康又活潑。
My parents as well as my elder brother like sports.
=Not only my elder brother but also my parents like sports.
不僅我哥哥，而且我的父母都喜歡運(yùn)動。
11. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)be + doing的用法歸納
表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作和情況。
e.g. Hurry up! We’re all waiting for you!
表示發(fā)展中的或正在改變的情況。
e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.
表示現(xiàn)階段暫時(shí)的情況，但說話時(shí)不一定在進(jìn)行。
e.g. I’m working in the bank.
表示按計(jì)劃或安排在最近將要進(jìn)行的動作。這種用法僅限于少數(shù)表示瞬間動作的動詞，如：arrive, come, go, have, leave, start等。
e.g. He is leaving for London next weekend.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和always/ forever等副詞連用可以表示強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。（如：厭煩、驚訝、責(zé)備、贊揚(yáng)）等。
e.g. He is always coming the first and leaving last.