Unit 9-10
6. thanks to 幸虧,由于
I am well again, thanks to the doctor.
Thanks to John's help, we finished the work ahead of time.
Thanks to the bad weather, our journey was very uncomfortable.
◆ 作“由于”用時(shí)，其意與 because of;
owing to; due to 相近。
thanks to 中的 to 是介詞。類(lèi)似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：
stick to lead to
get down to devote…to…
get used to due to
add to turn to
get close to refer to
look forward to come to …
9. time 短語(yǔ):
at one time 從前; at a time每次,一次;
at times (=from time to time; now and then); at all times (= always) for a time 一段時(shí)間
behind time 遲,晚;落后,拖欠;
in no time立即; at no time 任何時(shí)候都不
in time及時(shí) on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí); all the time 一直; at the same time同時(shí); ahead of time提前
time and time again (一次又一次);
◆He went up the stairs two at a time.
◆The train is ten minutes behind time.
◆I go to see my parents at times.
◆Without your help, we couldn't have
finished our work ahead of time.
1. In class, you should listen to your teacher ____________ but not ____________.
2. We were good friends ___________, but aren’t now.
3. Please give me two books _____________.
4. We couldn’t say who came earlier. They almost arrived _______________.
5. You should ____________ waste your time playing computer games.
6. He was a professor of a university in Beijing ____________. Now he studies in America.
10. although，though，as
a. although conj. 雖然 (= though) 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，與 in spite of 同義。
注意: 1. in spite of 后接n. 或 pron.
In spite of his old age, he still works very hard.
2. 不能用Although ( Though)..., but...
應(yīng)該用 Although / Though…, yet…
或： …, but…
*. Though we all felt tired, yet none of us wanted to stop to have a rest.
b. though adv. 然而。常用在句末, 用","隔開(kāi)( although 無(wú)此用法)，另外在 even though (=even if); as though (=as if)結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用although
He said he would come; he didn't, though.
I like her even though she can be annoying. c. though 盡管, 與as一樣常用在倒裝句中.
Young though/as he is, he knows a lot.
(= Though/Although he is young, he knows a lot.)
Hero as / though he is, he is never proud.
(= Though/Although he is a hero, he is never proud.)
① ____________________ it was snowing, it
was not very cold.
② Strange _______________ it may seem, he
remained single all his life.
③ Child _________________ he is, he draws
pictures very well.
④ I’ll keep on trying, even __________ I fail.
⑤ It was very hard work; I enjoyed it,
_________.
⑥ There is no excuse, _________, for hurting
her feelings.
⑦ She speaks as _______ she was a foreigner.
11. take up
a. 占(時(shí)間,空間等)
The piano takes up too much room.
b. 拿起 “Take up your gun and shoot at the
enemy,” ordered the officer.
c. 從事(斗爭(zhēng)), 進(jìn)行(新課等)
Even in prison, he wrote songs to call on
the workers to take up the struggle.
Now, let's take up the new lessons.
由take構(gòu)成的常用短語(yǔ)：
take off; take on ( a new look); take place;
take the place of; take one's place;
take charge ( of ); take steps ( measures );
take... by surprise; take ( no ) notice of
14. sport / game / play / race
這些詞均屬于體育運(yùn)動(dòng)范疇，但具體用法和含義不盡相同。其中 play 為一般用語(yǔ)，無(wú)特殊含義，如 table tennis, football 等都可看作 play 中的一種運(yùn)動(dòng)。Sport 指戶(hù)外游戲或運(yùn)動(dòng)，限于體力鍛煉，包括娛樂(lè)性的活動(dòng)， 如：hunting, boating 及競(jìng)賽類(lèi)的 running 等。而 game 指有一定規(guī)則的，雙方競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的游戲或運(yùn)動(dòng)，既可指體力的，也可指腦力的，如 basketball, chess 等。race 專(zhuān)指（速度的）比賽、賽跑等。此外，sport 和 game 還可以指“運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)”，多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：
the sports meeting; the Olympic Games
16. take part in
take part in the sports meet ( a competition, physical labour, activities...)
但: take an active part in積極參加(part 前有adj. 時(shí),須加不定冠詞)
辨析: take part in 指參加到某一活動(dòng)中去；
join: 加入某組織成為其中一員(= become a member of)；
join (sb. ) in: (伴隨...) 一起參與...；
attend: 參加(會(huì)議,聽(tīng)課等)
Would you like (和我們一起散步)?
His father (參軍) 30 years ago.
That old man ( 參加 ) the Long March.
If I had had time I __________________ (參加) your birthday party yesterday.
18. win / beat
beat 的賓語(yǔ)只能是表示人的詞或一個(gè)集體, “在比賽; 戰(zhàn)斗; 爭(zhēng)論”中擊敗某人應(yīng)說(shuō)
beat sb. in ….
win 作“贏”解時(shí),其賓語(yǔ)通常是 war; battle; game; match; argument; medal 等,不能是表示人的名詞
1. They do their best to _______ medals.
2. We _______ their team by 10 points.
3. Jim _______ Tom by a yard and ______ the race.
4. Do you know who ______ the Nobel Prize for physics in 2002?
19. opinion 的用法
① in one’s opinion （據(jù)…看來(lái)）
In the opinion of the most people, he did right in this matter.
② one’s opinion of (某人對(duì)…的觀點(diǎn)和看法)
What’s your opinion of our English teacher?
③ have a good / high / low / poor opinion of…
= think well / highly / badly / poorly of…
20．打電話的幾個(gè)常用句型：
telephone / phone (to) sb.
call / ring sb. (up)
make a telephone call to sb.
give sb. a ring / phone call
21. bring down 與 go down
兩者都可以指價(jià)格等方面的下降，但 go down 為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ), 不要用于被動(dòng)，其反義詞組為 go up； bring down 為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),可以用于被動(dòng)，其反義詞為 bring up。如：
We should do everything to bring down the price.
The price has gone down.
1. I believe the prices might __________ next week. We can buy some cheap ones then.
2. Can you get them to __________ the price? We can’t sell at such a low price.
3. The government should take measures to __________ the price of petrol. It’s too high.
4. After the rain, the river keeps ___________.
5. It is too hot these days. I hope the temperature will ____________ soon.
22. change for / with / into
1. Change for … 意為“向……方面轉(zhuǎn)化”; change A for B意為“把A調(diào)換為B”, 有時(shí)A可以省略。
change with … 意為“隨同……改變”; change … with sb. 意為“和某人交換” 。
A change into B 意為“A變化為B”; change A into B 意為“把A變成B”; change into 還可以表示“換上(衣服)” 。
① The weather is changing ______ the better.
② Times change and we should change _____
them.
③ Will you change seats ______ me?
④ He changed his camera ______ a television
set.
⑤ Ice changes _____ water rapidly on hot days.
o Change the following sentences _______
negative forms.
pHe changed _____ another driving suit.
23. learn / study
learn 表示學(xué)習(xí)的初級(jí)階段或帶有模仿、實(shí)踐的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程，study 表示高深的鉆研、研究過(guò)程。另外還需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
◆ 漢語(yǔ)中“努力學(xué)習(xí)”不能說(shuō) learn hard, 而要說(shuō)study hard; 而英語(yǔ)中的 learn sth. well 也不是“好好學(xué)習(xí)…”，而是“把…學(xué)好”或“把…學(xué)會(huì)”。如：She learned fast and well.（她學(xué)得又快又好。）
◆ “向…學(xué)習(xí)…” “從…學(xué)到/得知…”必須用 “l(fā)earn… from…”
① She is ___________ to drive a car.
② The subject he _________ was chemistry.
③ Why don’t you _______ from my mistake?
④ --- What is he ___________ there?
--- Law. He is a law student.
⑤ The old and the young should _________
from each other.
24. complete / finish / end
complete 有 adj. 和 vt. 兩種詞性，而 finish只能作動(dòng)詞。作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，complete 與finish 的主要區(qū)別有：
◆ complete 后只接名詞或代詞，finish 后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞。
◆ complete 常用于完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)、工程、建設(shè)等；finish 是一般用語(yǔ)，用于完成日常活動(dòng)，著重指圓滿(mǎn)結(jié)束已著手的事情。
◆ finish 可表示“吃完、喝完”，complete不能。
◆ complete 只作vt. 而 finish 可作vt. &vi.
end 既可作 vt. 也可作 vi.。主要用來(lái)表示“結(jié)束” “終止”某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，而不管這一活動(dòng)是否達(dá)到所希望的結(jié)果；它還常與 with / in / by 等連用。
① The term will _________ in July.
② When can you ___________ reading this
novel?
③ They haven’t ____________ the house yet.
④ They ___________ the evening with a few
songs.
⑤ We started off immediately after we had
____________ our lunch.