Unit 13

The water planet

The first period

I. Learning aims:

1. Learn the new words and expressions

2. Master some useful words and expressions to make sentences

3. Know the water planet in order to protect our water properties

II. Teaching important and difficult points;

1. How to use some key words and expressions

2. How to protect our planet___ earth

III. Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Greetings and lead-in

Step 2 Showing the teaching aims of the unit.

Talk about water and the ocean

Practice making suggestions and expressing opinions

Review Modal Verbs

Write an explanation paragraph

Step 3. New words and expressions

cube, cubic meter , square

benefit, benefit from

transport, import ,export

range, range from…to

range between…and …

all the way, all the time , all the while

unique, only, ordinary

hydrogen atom, H

oxygen atom, O

relative, relation, relate ,related, relativity

solid, fluid, liquid

pure, impure, purely

gramme, gram , g

mass, masses, a mass of ,

masses of ,,mass-produce

kilogram, kg

float, on water, sink

take advantage of make use of

absorb, take in , give off

give off, give out , give in ,give up

stable, stability .stabilize

sensitive, sense, sensible ,

be sensitive about/to

steady, steadily,

trust, doubt, believe in

call in, call at ,call up,

call on , call for

a variety of, varieties of

Step 4 Practice

價格自50元到100元不等.

在回家的路上,學生們一直談論科幻小說

這位老師在課堂上充分利用了多媒體

那個女皇對溫度很敏感.

他雖有經驗但無長進.

這些首飾是她的私人財產.

水不夠深,船不能浮起來.

這個病人情況穩定.

他對自己的個子小神經過敏.

有許多句式供你選擇.

Suggested answers：

Prices range from 50 to 100 yuan.

This teacher took advantage of multimedia in the class.

The queen is very sensitive to temperature.

He hasn’t benefited from the experience.

The jewels were her personal property.

He is very sensitive about being small.

There wasn’t enough water to float the ship.

The patient’s condition is stable.

All the way home ,they talked about science fiction.

There are a variety of sentences to choose from.

Step 5 word study

atom, unique, solid, absorb, centigrade, pure, hydrogen, oxygen, mass, float

hydrogen, oxygen , solid , absorb, relationship ,ranging ,float

Step 6 vocabulary

Ex.1 : unique, solid, float, decreasing, benefit, trust

Ex.2 : m3,c,g,s,gal,H2,O2,m

Step 7 Summary and homework

The second period

I. Learning aims:

1. Lean and master the new words and the useful expressions

2. Do some listening

3. Improve the students’ speaking ability by talking.

II. Teaching important points:

1. Make the students’ be free to talk about water.

2. Improve the students’ listening ability by listening

III. III. Teaching difficult points

1. How to finish the task of speaking

2. How to improve the students’ listening ability

IV. IV. Teaching procedures:

Step 1 Greeting and revision

1. Review the new words and expressions

2. Check the homework

Step 2 Lead-in

A riddle:

It’s very important to all the animals and plants

It’s also important to human being

It’s liquid at room temperature

Every day you keep in touch with it

You can’t live without it.

Step 3. Warming up

1. This experiment shows how air pressure causes a piece of cardboard to cling to an upturned glass of water( When the glass of water covered with a piece of paper is turned upside down, the pressure from air to the piece of paper is bigger than the pressure from the water in the glass to the piece of paper. So the paper won’t fall and the water won’t flow.)

2. This experiment illustrates how substances with different density behave when placed in the same container.( vegetable oil is on the top of the water, because the density of water is higher than the density of vegetable oil.)

3. Experiment 3 is an example of how water dissolves substances and objects.

4. Experiment 4 illustrates some of the differences between salt water and fresh water.

To protect the water on our planet, I think we should save every drop of water and stop throwing rubbish into water. Besides we should try our best to help the people around us realize the importance of using and protecting our water.

Step 4 listening:

This part is about the famous poems about life on the ocean.

happen to :

e.g. What happened to you last week.

I happened to meet my friend in the street yesterday.

come up with

e.g. I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.

Step 5 Speaking

This part is to talk about the ways in which water can be used. We’ll discuss the importance of using and protecting our water.

Questions:

1. How is the water being used?

2. Is this a good way to use water?

3. Why do we use water in this way?

4. Who benefits from using water in this way?

5. What are some disadvantages of using water in this way/

Useful expressions

The water is being used to //for….

We should /could….

What will we do if…./

If we…. We can….

It would be better to….

Can you think of a better way to..?

Picture.1 : We can use water to make electricity, which can give us light and make us feel warm. I think it’s a good way to use water.

Picture 4 water is being used in industry. It can be used to make paper , cool machine and so on But the disadvantage is that a lot of water mixed with some poisonous things being poured into the river and the sea. It is dangerous for the living things in the water.

Picture 6:

A: Do you know how the water is being used in Picture 6?

B: Water is being used for entertainment.

A: Is it a good way to use water?

B: Yes, because it can help people keep fit and enjoy nature,. But if people throw rubbish into the water, it will be bad for us..

Step 6 Summary and homework

1. Make a report using the useful expressions according to one of the pictures

you have discussed .

2. Preview Reading.

The 3rd period

I. Learning aims:

1.Improve the students’ reading ability.

2.Enable the students to realize that it is important to protect the water on our planet.

II. Teaching important and difficult points:

1.Master the following phrases:

all the way, that is, mix with, take advantage of, manage to do

2.How to make the students understand the reading passage better.

III. Teaching procedures:

Step 1 Greetings and lead-in

A letter from “water”

Dear User,

Shame to you all, the Ignorant,(無知的)

I am your life

But you seem not to value me

Give me all the respect

For in me is eternal (永恒的)life

If you continue abusing me

Surely, all forms of life will wither away

Have you ever imagined,

Life without me?

I tell you, it will be unbearable(不堪忍受的)

Think twice

For every drop counts...

What properties or characteristics do you know about water?

colorless, tasteless, odorless, feeling wet, dissolving, absorbing heat, three forms

Step 2 Pre –reading

Questions related to the subjects

1.What are _____________________?

2.What does _____________________ look like?

3.What are different parts of __________?

4.What can ___________ be compared to?

5.How do___________ work?

6.What are some examples of______?

Step 3 While reading

The passage mainly tells us it is water that makes the ocean so important to all the living things in the world.

Basic facts about life in the oceans

1.Life on earth began in the oceans about three billion years ago;

2.99% of the living space on earth is in the oceans;

3.There are about five million (known) species in the oceans;

4.Life in the oceans ranges from tiny plankton to giant whales.

Step 4 Careful reading

1.Chemical structure

2H2 +O2 點燃 2H2O

The water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

They form a polar molecule ,one with a slightly positive and a slightly negative.

Water can break down both solids and gases.

2.Salinity

What is salinity?

Dissolved gases and solids mixed with pure water.

What are different parts of salinity?

Dissolved gases and solids, puree water

How does salinity work?

It affects water’s weight and freezing point.

What are some examples of salinity?

Ocean water

3.Density

1.What is density?

Density is the relationship between mass and volume.

2.What are different parts of density?

Mass and volume

3.How does density work?

A less substance floats on a more dense substance.

4.What are some examples of density?

Water(1,000kg/m3);oil(less dense)

4.Heat capacity

Heat capacity:

The amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance one degree centigrade

Different parts:

Energy and temperature

How to work:

A substance absorbs and releases heat. It keeps water temperature steady.

Some examples:

Water’s heat capacity helps keep the earth’s temperature steady

Step 5 Post reading

Answer the above questions

1.The properties of water are chemical structure, salinity ，density, heat capacity and ocean motion.

2.The earth looks like an ocean planet.

4.The ocean can be compared to a great place to live in.

5.Maybe it means that there are some similarities between air-conditioner and the ocean. Because the ocean can keep the temperature of the earth steady. I think the ocean keeps the temperature of the earth steady by absorbing and releasing heat.

6 .I think plankton, sharks and whales are examples of species in the ocean.

Fill in the following table according to the reading passage:

Property What is it? What is it good for?

Chemical structure Every water molecule is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. It is good for the living things in the ocean to absorb the nutrients easily

Density The density of pure water is 1 000 kg/m3,meaning that one cubic meter of water weighs one thousand kilogram.. . It is good for marine organisms to take advantage of the density of water.

Heatcapacity It is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance one degree centigrade. It is good for the earth to keep the temperature steady.

Step 6 Discussion

What can we do to save and protect the water on our planet?

Nothing is as precious as a drop of water. Learning about the properties of water helps us understand life on our planet. The most important thing we learn about water is that we must protect it and use it wisely. Our future depends on it.

Step 7 Summary and Homework

1.Read the text carefully and find out the detailed information about water properties.

2.Think as many examples as possible to illustrate water properties.

The 4th period

I. Learning aims:

1. Enable the students to further understand the reading passage.

2. Learn the language points.

II. Teaching important points:

Master the language points to make sentences.

III. Teaching difficult points:

How to improve the students’ reading ability further.

IV. Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Greetings and revision

Ask the students some questions according to the reading passage.

Step 2 Further understand the text

1.Finding Topic Sentences

#.Learning about the properties of water helps us understand life on our planet.

#.The chemical structure of water makes it an excellent medium for life

#.The salinity of the earth's oceans is about thirty-five parts per thousand, meaning that there are about thirty-five grams of dissolved solids and gases in one kilogram of water.

#.The density of pure water is 1,000 kg/m3, meaning that one cubic meter of water weighs one thousand kilograms.

#.Heat capacity is the mount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.

#.Since changes in salinity and temperature affect water's density, the water in the ocean is always moving.

2. Comprehension

Paragraph1. Ninety-nine percent of the living space on earth is in the oceans.

Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales. (paraphrase)

Paragraph 2.

2Hydrogen Atoms , 1Oxygen Atom, 1H2O Molecule

Paragraph 3

sea water (salt water)= dissolved gases +dissolved solids +pure water

salinity of sea water affects: weight+ freezing point

Factors of density: mass+ volume

Paragraph 4

Unit of density: kg/m3=kilograms per cubic meter

Density of pure water: 1,000 kg/m3=one cubic meter of water weighs one thousand kilograms

Paragraph 5.

How does the water in the ocean move?

Dense water sinks and less dense water is pushed to the surface.

Paragraph 6.

Main idea: significance of water to nature

Water, which seems so simple and common, is what makes life possible. Of all the resources on earth -- oil, gas, gold and so on -- nothing is as precious as a drop of rain. (paraphrase)

Step 3 Language points:

1.incredibly adv. (extremely or unusually)

e.g. The water is incredibly hot.

2.available adj. (that can be used or obtained)

e.g. Tickets are available at the box office.

The book is available to all the students.

3.range vi.

range from A to B

e.g. Their ages range from 25 to 50.

His interests ranged from chess to canoeing.

4.But the way the water molecule…

e. g. I don’t like the way (in which/that) he looks at me.

5.that is (to say) (which means)

e.g. A week later, that is, May 1 is her birthday.

He is a local government administrator ,that is, he is a Civil Servant.

6.take advantage of (make use of something well/make use of somebody unfairly)

e.g. They took full advantage of the hotel’s facilities.

She took advantage of my generosity.

7.be sensitive to something (affected easily by something)

e.g. She is very sensitive to other’s words.

Step4 Exercise:

Fill in the blanks with the proper words. The first letter has been given.

1 The water molecule is made up of two ___________ atoms and one ________ atom.

2 Water is a liquid at room temperature, but it turns into ________ when the temperature drops below 0℃ and into a gas when heated above 100℃.

3 The soil can __________ water, so it helps to keep water from flowing away.

4 Marine scientists study the _____________ between living creatures and their habitat in the ocean.

5 Life in the oceans appears in different sizes, __________ from the tiniest fish all the way up to the biggest blue whales.

6 Oil has a density lower than 1,000 kg/m3, so it will _____on water.

Step 5 Summary and homework

1.Furhter understand the text.

2.Write an article about how to save and protect water.

The 5th period

I .Learning aims:

1. Review Modal Verbs

2. Do some exercises to review the language study in the last period.

II .Teaching important points:

Review Modal Verbs

III .Teaching difficult points:

How to help the students correctly use the Modal Verbs

IV. Teaching procedures:

Step 1 Greetings

Step 2 Revision

Step 3 Grammar

情態動詞表猜測 ( Model Verbs)

一． 肯定句： must , may , might

對現在事實的猜測：

must / may / might +be （狀態）,

must / may / might +be doing（行為）

He must be in his office for he called me there five minutes ago. (現在----狀態)

A woman is coming to us. She may / might be our new teacher. （現在----狀態）

Put on more clothes. You must be feeling cold with only a shirt on. （現在---行為）

He may/might be having breakfast. (現在-行為)

對過去事實的猜測：

must / may / might +have been （狀態）

must / may / might +have done (行為）

Oh, the man you met must have been my brother, Peter. (過去---狀態)

He might/may have been there before. (過去-狀態)

The ground is wet. It must have rained last night. (過去-行為)

He might have watched TV or have gone over his lesson. (過去-行為)

二. 否定句：can , could

對現在事實的猜測：

can / could + not be （狀態）

can / could + not be doing (行為）

The young girl can’t /couldn’t be our new chairman. （現在---狀態）

He can’t be at home, for the light in the room isn’t on. （現在---狀態）

They can’t be reading in the library. (現在---行為）

The boys can’t be doing their homework in the classroom. I saw them playing football 5 minutes ago. （現在----行為）

對過去事實的猜測：

can / could + not have been （狀態）

can / could + not have done (行為）

The road is dry, it couldn’t have rained last night.（過去-行為）

Tom can’t have been at home last night. He has gone to Japan last week. （過去---狀態）

疑問句 can, could

對現在事實的猜測：

can / could + 主語 + be （狀態）

can / could + 主語+ be doing （行為）

Who’s that? Can it be our headmaster?（現在-狀態）

Could the students be cleaning the street ? （現在-行為）

--- No, they can’t be doing that.

對過去事實的猜測:

can / could + 主語+ have been

can / could + 主語+ have done

Could they have been in Xinjiang last month?（過去---狀態）

Could they have finished their homework?

They had been working all the afternoon. （過去---行為）

Step 4 Exercises

1.Choose the best answers

2.Fill in the blanks

Step 4 Summary and Workbook （Omitted）

Step 5 The design of the writing on the blackboard

The 6th period

I. Learning aims:

1. Improve the students’ reading ability by reading the material.

2. Improve the students’ writing ability.

3.Enable the students to realize that it is important to protect the estuary

II．Teaching important and difficult points:

How to improve the students’ integrating skills---reading and writing.

III. Teaching procedures:

Step 1 Greetings and revision

Step 2 Lead-in

Step 3 Listening

Step 4. Finding Topic Sentences

As the oceans are the source of life on earth,

the estuaries are our planet's nurseries.

Estuaries are great places for nature's young ones.

Estuaries are also important because they absorb

nutrients and pollutants from water coming from

inland sources, thus cleaning our water

Estuaries provide both recreation and education

for human beings.

Step 5 Structure of the passage

Step 6 Answering the questions

1.Why are estuaries such good places for nature's young ones?

2 What does density mean in this passage?

3 How do estuaries affect the water that passes through them?

4. Why are estuaries more sensitive to pollution than other areas?

5.Why are estuaries important to human beings?

Step 7Word Study

1.Pollutant 2.estuary 3.recreation 4. mammal，5. reproduce 6. erosion

a．the body of water where a river meets the ocean

b. warm-blooded vertebrate animals to generate (offspring) by sexual or asexual means.

c. something that pollutes, especially a waste material

d. the process of eroding or the condition of being eroded

e. refreshment of one's mind or body after work through activity that amuses or stimulates

Step 8 Writing

1. Why does an ice cube float?

2. What will happen to a piece of metal if you put it in water?

3. Why do so many species live in estuaries?

4. Why have so many cities been built by estuaries?

Step 9 Summary and homework(omitted)