The Second Period
●從容說課
This period is the high light of the whole unit.It lays emphasis on reading and understanding.
First the teacher should check if the students have mastered the new words and expressions by asking them to speak out the sentences that they made using these words and expressions.This part can help the students to learn words and expressions by heart in a certain language situation.
Then in Pre-reading part，students are asked to discuss two questions：What will you take if you are informed of a coming earthquake？What may happen before an earthquake？In order to answer the second question，students can carefully look at the four pictures in the part.The part prepares students for the Reading passage.
In the Reading part，students will first listen to the tape with their textbooks closed.In order to make this step efficient，the teacher will provide them some statements based on the passage.While listening，students should judge whether these statements are true or false.If it is false，students should correct it.Then students will be given several minutes to read the passage silently.In order to help the students understand the passage better，the teacher can provide some comprehending exercises，including matching sentences，ordering events.At last students should divide the whole passage into three parts and write down the main idea of each paragraph.The purpose of this step is to train students’ ability of reading comprehension，which is a very important skill.
At last，students will do a speaking task in pairs.One acts as a newspaper reporter from China Daily and the other acts as a witness of the Tangshan Earthquake.The reporter is asking the witness some questions about the terrible quake.This part not only helps the students to revise what they have learned in this part but also provides them with an opportunity to speak in English.
●三維目標
1.Knowledge：
（1）Words：
shake，rise，crack，burst，well，smelly，pond，pipe，canal，steam，destroy，ruin，dirt，injure，survivor，brick，dam，useless，steel，shock，quake，rescue，electricity，disaster，army，organize，bury，coal，mine，shelter，fresh
（2）Phrases：
right away，as usual，at an end，lie in ruins，later that afternoon，be trapped under sth.，dig out，to the north of sp.，instead of，a great number of，put up，give out，wake sb.up，in the open air，think little of sth.
（3）Sentence patterns：
It seemed/seems that....
The number of sb./sth.reached/reaches...
All hope was not lost.（部分否定）
2.Ability：
（1）Learn some detailed information about an earthquake.
（2）Improve the students’ reading ability.
（3）Train the students’ ability to grasp key information while listening.
（4）Train the students’ speaking ability.
3.Emotion：
（1）Train the students’ ability to cooperate with others.
（2）Know the deadliness of an earthquake and the signs before an earthquake is coming.
（3）Learn from the bravery of people in Tangshan to face the reality and rebuild the city.
●教學重點
（1）The new words and expressions.
（2）Learn some detailed information about an earthquake.
（3）Train the students’ ability to cooperate with others.
（4）Train the students’ speaking ability.
●教學難點
1.Words：shake，burst，rise，destroy，shock，fresh，injure
2.Phrases：right away，at an end
3.Sentence patterns：
（1）It seemed/seems that....
（2）The number of sb./sth.reached/reaches....
（3）All hope was not lost.（部分否定）
4.Improve the students’ reading ability.
5.Train the students’ ability to grasp key information while listening.
●教具準備
（1）a tape recorder
（2）a projector
（3）the blackboard
●教學過程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step 2 Revision
T：Yesterday we learnt some new words and expressions.Now please speak out the sentences that you have made using the words and expressions.
S1：shake：Shaking one’s head means saying “No” in China.
S2：rise：The sun rose at six o’clock in the morning.
S3：right away：After class，they went to play basketball right away.
S4：crack：The vase cracked when it dropped.
S5：burst：He burst the door open，using all his strength.
S6：ruin：She poured water all over my painting and ruined it.
S7：injure：She was badly injured in the accident.
S8：survivor：There was no survivor in the big fire last night.
S9：destroy：The heavy rain destroyed all our hope of a picnic.
S10：shock：I was shocked when I heard his accident.
S11：rescue：We rescued the boy who fell into the river.
S12：disaster：The flood was really a terrible natural disaster.
S13：organize：Jane organized the party.She asked people to come and bought the food and drinks.
S14：bury：Many men were buried underground when there was an accident at the mine.
S15：shelter：He had to stand in the shelter at the bus stop when it suddenly rained.
S16：at an end：She felt the world was at an end when her son died.
S17：useless：It is useless arguing with him.He will never change his mind.
S18：dig out：The thief dug out the box full of money and ran away.
S19：fresh：These vegetables are fresh，I picked them this morning.
Step 3 Pre-reading
T：Suppose you are warned of a coming earthquake.Now you have time to take only one thing.Tell your partner what you will take and the reason.
（After several minutes.）
S1：I will take enough food.One can’t live without food.
S2：I will take enough water.I think water is more important than food.
S3：If it is winter，I will take enough clothes，otherwise，I will die from coldness.
T：If an earthquake is around the corner，there must be some abnormal phenomena.Carefully look at the four pictures on Page 25 and try to describe what you have seen.
S4：In the first picture，people see bright light in the sky.
S5：In the second picture，the dog is always barking.
S6：In the third picture，fish are trying to jump out of the pond.Even the rats are trying to run away from their holes.They are running nervously.
S7：In the last picture，the water in the well rises and falls，rises and falls for many times.People can notice cracks in the well and smelly gas come out of the wells.
Step 4 Listening
T：Everyone knows that an earthquake is very terrible.Today，we will learn something about the strongest earthquake in China’s history，which happened in Tangshan，Hebei，in 1976.
T：First listen to the tape with your textbooks closed and check whether the following statements are true or false.If it is false，try to correct it.
（1）People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn’t go to bed that night.（ ）
（2）People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.（ ）
（3）More than 400000 people were killed in the quake.（ ）
（4）Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.（ ）
（5）People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.（ ）
（After listening to the tape，check the answers with the students.）
S1：No.1 is false.People thought little of the unusual phenomena before the quake，and went to bed as usual that night.
S2：No.2 is true.
S3：No.3 is false.More than 400000 people were killed or injured in the quake.
S4：No.4 is true.
S5：No.5 is false.Fresh water was taken to the city of Tangshan by train，truck and plane.
T：You did an excellent job.
Step 5 Reading
T：Next，open your books and turn to Page 26.I will give you several minutes to read the passage.After reading，please finish Part 1 in Comprehending on Page 27.
（Ss read the passage silently and then do exercise 1 in Comprehending on Page 27.）
（Teacher check the answers with the whole class.）
S1：The chickens didn’t eat because they were nervous.
S2：Before the earthquake the people didn’t worry because they didn’t know the quake caused the strange events.
S3：Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.
S4：Water was needed because dams and wells were useless.
S5：The people did not lose hope because the army came to help them.
T：Very good.During the quake many things happened.Number the following things according to the order that they happened.
A.Brick buildings were destroyed.
B.The walls of the village wells had cracks in them.
C.Shelters were put up for those with no homes.
D.Roads got huge cracks.
E.The army helped the survivors.
（Ss read the passage again in a loud voice and then order the events.）
（Teacher checks the answers with the whole class.）
S6：No.1 B； No.2 D； No.3 A； No.4 E； No.5 C.
T.Excellent.How many paragraphs are there in this passage？
Ss：Four.
T：Try to divide the passage into three parts.Then try to write down the main idea of each part.You can finish this task in pairs.
（After several minutes.）
S7：Part 1 （Paragraph 1） Phenomena before the earthquake.
Part 2 （Paragraphs 2-3） What happened during the quake and the damage.
Part 3 （Paragraph 4） The rescue work after the earthquake.
Step 6 Speaking （pair work）
T：Now we are going to an interview in pairs.Suppose one of you was a newspaper reporter，and the other was a witness of the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake.Now the newspaper reporter is asking the witness some questions.Work in pairs please.
（Ss make dialogues.）
T：Now I would like to ask pairs of you to come to the front to demonstrate your dialogues to the whole class.
S1：Hello，nice to meet you.I am a newspaper reporter from China Daily.
S2：Nice to meet you too.
S1：I hear that you are lucky enough to have escaped from the terrible earthquake that happened in Tang-shan.
S2：Yes.I was so lucky as to be one of the survivors.Even at this time，my heart is still trembling with fear.
S1：Then could you answer some questions about the earthquake？
S2：OK.I will try to control my feelings.
S1：Actually，at what time did you know that an earthquake was coming？Were you warned of the earthquake？
S2：Although later people said there had been some signs that showed an earthquake was coming，we paid no attention to these events.We just went to bed as usual that night.
S1：Do you know any signs？
S2：Yes.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose ad fell.Some housewives noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds.
S1：Then do you still remember what happened during the quake？
S2：Oh.At 3：42 am everything began to shake.A huge crack that was about eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses，roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground.The terrible earthquake lasted for about 15 seconds.After that，everywhere I looked nearly everything was destroyed.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.Many buildings fell down.To make things worse，two dams and most of the bridges also fell.It’s impossible to travel.The railway tracks were useless pieces of steel.
S1：I heard there were some aftershocks.Did they cause any damage？
S2：Of course.Later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.More buildings fell down..
S1：Although you have survived，you have to live a hard life in the next period of time.
S2：That is true.Water，food and electricity were hard to get.Life was very difficult for us.
S1：But luckily，you have army to help you.
S2：Yes.The army sent 150000 soldiers to help the rescue workers.They organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and bury the dead.
S1：Then how do you get water these days？
S2：Water is brought to the city by train，truck，and plane.We people in Tang-shan will try out best to rebuild the city.
S1：I believe so.Thank you for having answered my questions.
S2：That’s all right.
Step 7 Homework
Try to remember the key information of the passage by heart.
●板書設計
Unit 4 Earthquakes
The Second Period
T or F statements：
（1）People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn’t go to bed.（ ）
（2）People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.（ ）
（3）More than 400000 people were killed in the quake.（ ）
（4）Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock（余震）.（ ）
（5）People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.（ ）
●活動與探究
Story-telling competition
1.Divide the class into groups of four or five.Each student should look for some unusual things that happened in the Tangshan earthquake.The students can go to the library or go online to search for some useful information.
2.Work in groups and tell the students’ own story to other members of the same group.Then each group should choose the most unusual story in the group.
3.Choose one representative of each group who will tell the most unusual story to the whole class.
4.The teacher acts as the judge and chooses the best story and the best story-teller.
5.The teacher gives the group that has the best story a prize and gives the best story-teller a prize.