從2006高考談定語從句學習（June,2006）

教學目標：1、學會分析復合中的定語從句與其他從句的區別。2、選對關系詞。

高考命題熱點和難點：1、關系詞that和which的區別；

2、關系詞as和which的區別；

3、定語從句和同位語從句的區別；

4、介詞+關系詞引導定語從句的情況；

5、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句關系詞的選擇。

教學方法：考題點撥、啟發，講析結合。

教學步驟：

（一）導入：

Example: 1、Women ____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ____ don’t.（2006北京高考）

A. who; 不填 B. who; 不填 C. who; who D. 不填；不填

2、The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.（2006年江蘇高考）

A. who B. that C. as D. which

（二）定語從句講解：

1、關系詞：that, which, who, whom , whose, when, where, why, as, 介詞+which/whom等;回顧它們在定語從句中作做的成分和關系詞的選擇。

關系

代詞 who, which, that 可作主語 as在定語從句中可作主語、賓語，也可修飾整個句子

whom, which, that 可作賓語

whose = of which / of whom

①先行詞為不定代詞all,anything,nothing…...

②先行詞有最高級修飾,有序數詞修飾

③先行詞有only,very,any等修飾

④先行詞既有人又有物時

只用that

①引導非限制性定語從句

②代表整個主句的意思

③介詞+關系代詞

只用which

關系

副詞 when=in/at/on+which 指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語

where=in/at/on+which 指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語

why= for +which 指原因,在定語從句作原因狀語

2、關系詞that 與who 指人，通用

he man____ is speaking to our teacher is a new foreign teacher

3、關系詞that 與which

1）兩者通用，指物

He told me the news ___ surprised me.

2）特殊一：用關系詞that而不用which

①先行詞為不定代詞all,anything,nothing…...

②先行詞有最高級修飾,有序數詞修飾

③先行詞有only,very,any等修飾

④先行詞既有人又有物時

例如：There is little money___ I can spend on books

The only thing ___ she could do was to to go to the police for help

We will never forget the first lesson ___ our chemistry teacher gave us.

What is the smallest thing ___ can be seen under a microscope.

The visitors spoke highly of the children and the performances ___ they saw at the Children's Palace.

特殊二：用關系詞which 而不用that

①引導非限制性定語從句

②代表整個主句的意思

③介詞+關系代詞

例如：I shall never forget those years when I lived in the country with the farmers, ______ has a great effect on my life.

This is the reason for _____ he came late for class

4.關系副詞when, where, why在句中的運用。

There wew dirty marks on her trousers____ she had wiped her hands.(2004全國高考II)

We can't figure out____ quite a number of insects,birds, and animals are dying out.(2004北京)

I’ll never forget the day ____ we met for the first time.

5.whose 的用法

A young man from our school, ____ name I have forgotten, has gone to Britain.

This is the room ______ window faces south.

6.介詞+關系代詞。在介詞后的關系代詞(不能省略) 通常只有三個: whom, which 和whose.

The man ____ I shook hands just now is my daughter’s friend.

He built a telescope______ he could study the stars.

The driver was the man _______ room the thief had stolen the bag.

7.as 用法

as 引導非限定性定語從句既可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。當as在從句中作主語時，后面常接下列句型。如：as is reported,as is known,as is said, as is announced, as sb . expected ,as is often the case,as has been said before, as may be imagined, as often happens/appears等。例如：

_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

She is very disappointed,_____ you can see.

（三）學習定語從句的注意點：

1、容易混淆關系詞的運用或誤用定語從句的謂語單復數：

1)This is one of the books which ___ written by Charles Dickens.

He is the only one of the students who ___learned Japanese before.

2)A: This is the place ______ we worked last year.

B: This is the place ______ we visited last year.

3)A: I still remember the day ____ he saved my child.

B: I still remember the day ____ we spent together.

4) A: Pisa is a city ____ there is a leaning tower.

B: Pisa is a city ______ has a leaning tower.

2、與強調句型的區別：以“It +be”引導的強調句或者是暗含有強調句型結構的復合句定語從句的區別。

1）、It was after he got what he had desired _______ he realized it was not so important.（2006年遼寧高考）

A.that B.when C.since D.as

2）、I just wonder ____ that makes him so excited. （2006年山東高考）

A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is

3）A: It was at the theatre ______ Lincoln was murdered.

B: It was the theatre ______ Lincoln was murdered.

4）A: It was on Oct. 1st,1949 ______ the People’s Republic of China was founded.

B: It was Oct. 1st , 1949 ______ the People’s Republic of China was founded.

3、標點符號影響句子的結構

1）Yesterday I got a letter from Bush, ______ said that he was getting along well with his studies.

A. who B. whom C. which D. that

2）Yesterday I got a letter from Bush. ______ said that he was getting along well with his studies.

A. Who B. Whom C. Which D. It

4、定語從句與同位語從句的區別：引導定語從句的關系代詞在定語從句中作成分;而引導同位語從句的關系詞不作成分

The news ___ Chinese team won the game got around the country quickly.

The news ____ our teacher has told us is true.

It was after he got what he had desired___ he realized it was not so important.（2006年遼寧高考）

A.that B.when C.since D.as

（四）高考題練習：

1)、______ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004京)

A. It B. As C. That D. What

2）、American women usually identify their best friend as someone ______ they can talk frequently. (2004 滬)

A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom

3、 I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.(04湘)

A. how B. which C. where D. that

4）、 Anyway, that evening, ____ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. (04浙)

A. when B. where C. what D. which

5）、.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house______roof is under repair.(06福建)

A.whose B.which C.of which D.what

6）、I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____ Chinese in the school, most _____ were from Germany.（2006年高考遼寧）

A.study; of whom B.study; of them C.studying; of them D.studying; of whom

7）、I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I _____ to half a dozen other groups.（2006年湖南高考）

A. was giving B. am giving C. had given D. have given

8）、We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses.（2006年湖南高考）

A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which

9）、The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.（2006年天津）

A. what B. that C. how D. as

10）、She was educated at Beijing University , _______ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.（2006年陜西）

A. after that B. from that C. from which D. after which

11）、I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.（2006年浙江）

A. of that B. of which C. that D. which

12）、My friend, who ______ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.（2006年浙江）

A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served

13）、We’re just trying to teach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk.（2006年山東）

A. where B. that C. when D. which

14）、The United States is made up of fifty states, one of ____ is separated from the others by the Pacific Ocean.(2005年上海春季)

A. them B. those C. which D. whose

15)、Do you still remember the chicken farm_____ we visited three months ago?(2005年北京春季)

A. where B. when C. that D. what

（五）Homework:

編造十個定語從句，簡要分析關系詞的使用。

READ ALOUD： I'm Chinese

I'm Chinese!

I'm from the People's Republic of China.

I love my country. I love my people.

Our country has a history of 5000 years.

I'm proud of it.

Our motherland is going through great changes now.

I'm part of it.

I want to speak good English.

Because English is an international language.

The Japanese have to learn English.

The French have to learn English.

The Germans have to learn English.

All nations in the world are learning English now.

We Chinese must learn English too.

I enjoy learning English!

I enjoy speaking English!

I enjoy making mistakes!

I enjoy losing face.

I'm crazy about speaking English.

I practice speaking every day.

I can speak good English!

責任編輯：李芳芳