●學習目標
Ⅰ.單詞和詞組
cut down;fur;endanger;die out;harm;live a…life;take measure;adapt to;by doing sth.;make a list of;pick up;devote to;explain;in the wild;nature;be careful with;the causes and effects
Ⅱ.日常交際用語
Why is it important to do…?
What can we do to…?
Do you know of…?
Ⅲ.語法
直接引語與間接引語的復習。
●學習障礙
單詞及短語
cut down;die out;get started;endanger;live a…life;harm;adapt to;devote to;explain;be careful with;nature
●學習策略
1.die out滅絕
橫向比較法：
(1)die out絕種;熄滅
Many animals have died out now.
The fire died out.
(2)die down平息;靜下來
The wind has died down a bit.
(3)die away逐漸消逝
At last the music died away，neither of them moved for a while.
2.get started
橫向比較法：
(1)get +過去分詞,表示被動
get married結婚
get excited興奮
get hurt受傷
get hit被撞
get discouraged泄氣
get drunk喝醉
get bored厭倦
get paid被付錢
(2)get +現在分詞，“開始做某事”
We'd better get moving.
We must get going.
聯系語境法：
用動詞的適當形式填空:
(1)We found it hard to get________(start).
(2)We got________(talk)and didn't notice the time.
答案:1.started 2.talking
3.endanger vt.危害
橫向比較法：
(1)endanger危害;使……有危險
He endangered our lives by setting fire to the house.
(2)danger n.危險
in danger處于危險之中
Our lives are in danger.
(3)dangerous adj.危險的(指主語對別人造成威脅)
The murderer was very dangerous.
聯系語境法：
用in danger，dangerous，endanger填空:
(1)You'll ________ your health if you work so hard.
(2)Be careful! The tiger is ________.
(3)The tiger is now ________because it is being killed by people.
答案:(1)endanger(2)dangerous(3)in danger
4.live a …life過著一種……的生活
縱向歸納法：
live a happy life 過著快樂的生活
live a bitter life 過著痛苦的生活
live a simple life 過著簡樸的生活
live the rest of one's life=live the last part of one's life度過某人的余生
live an active life 過著活躍的生活
live可以用lead代替
橫向比較法：
在live a…life中,life是live的賓語,同時又是它的同根名詞,這樣的賓語叫同源賓語,類似帶同源賓語的詞組還有:
dream a sweet dream 做個美夢
fight a street fight 打一場巷戰
die a heroic death英勇就義
sleep a sound sleep睡得很沉
綜合運用法：
The________he lived was hard to imagine.
A.live thatB.lives that
C.lives whichD.life that
答案:D
5.harm vt.損害
縱向歸納法：
(1)harm vt.損害,對……有害
I have never harmed anybody.
(2)harm n. do harm to sb.=do sb.harm對……造成危害
The drought did a lot of harm to the crops.
(3)harmful adj.有害的
(4)harmless adj.無害的
聯系語境法：
用harm的適當形式填空
(1)Follow the directions carefully，or this medicine may be________.
(2)The dog seems fierce，but It's________.
(3)I didn't want to do her any________;it could help it.
(4)Doctors say smoking________our health.
答案:(1)harmful (2)harmless (3)harm (4)harms
6.adapt…to…使……適應于……
縱向歸納法：
(1)adapt sth./sb.to sth./sb.
He has to adapt his speech to the interests of his audience.
(2)adapt oneself to…使自己適應……
We adapt ourselves to the hot weather.
(3)adapt to sth./sb.適應于……
The new teacher was very slow to adapt to the unusual rules of the school.
擊破定式法：
Difficult books are sometimes adapted________use in schools.
A.for B.to
C.into D.at
答案:A adapt這里意思為 “改編”，for+n.表示目的。
7.devote A to B /doing B 把A投入與B中或做B這件事中
縱向歸納法：
(1)devote A to B
He has devoted his whole life to teaching.
He has devoted his whole life to the educational course.
(2)devote賓語可以為oneself
He has devoted himself to teaching.
(3)devoted過去分詞;專心的,忠誠的,在句中作定語、賓語補足語。
I found the man very devoted to his wife.
橫向比較法：
to為介詞短語,要求后面用動名詞、名詞或代詞作賓語。如:
look forward to盼望
lead to導致
stick to堅持
object to反對
be opposed to反對
turn to轉向；翻到……頁
refer to指的是
be used to習慣于
see to處理，注意
give way to向……讓步
be equal to與……平等
be familiar to對……熟悉
be reduced to淪為……地步
擊破定式法：
The day they looked forward to________at last.
A.coming B.comes
C.has come D.came
答案:D they look forward to是the day的定語從句,本句主語為the day,謂語動詞為came。 8.explain vt.解釋;說明
縱向歸納法：
(1)explain sth.to sb.
Please explain this rule to me.
(2)explain to sb.+從句
He explained to his father why he had stayed out so late.
（3）explain to sb.+特殊疑問詞+to do sth.
Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.
綜合運用法：
改錯:
He told to me that he would come a little late and explained me why he had to.
答案:去掉told與me之間的“to”,在explained后加上“to”。
9.be careful
縱向歸納法：
(1)be careful單獨使用,當心
Be careful! The pan is hot!
(2)be careful about…
I hope you'll be careful in future about the things you say.
(3)be careful of…
We have to be careful of what they are doing.
(4)be careful with…
You must be more careful with your work.
有時be careful with表示吝嗇。
He's too careful with his money;he never buys a drink for anyone.
(5)be careful not to do sth.小心不要做……
We want to be careful not to break anything.
(6)be careful+從句
Be careful what you do.
聯系語境法：
改錯:
You must be careful of Helen.She needs you now.
答案:of改為with。海倫需要你,因此你需要認真對待她。
10.nature n.
縱向歸納法：
橫向比較法：
nature(自然),前無冠詞,并無復數變化,有類似用法的名詞還有:
man人類，
space太空，
society社會，
word消息
聯系語境法：
在有必要的地方用冠詞填空
(1)Children love to walk through the woods to observe________nature.
(2)She has________kind nature.
答案:(1)/ (2)a
●方法實踐
Ⅰ.單項選擇
1.Many people________in the past.
A.lead a hard life B.lived hard lives
C.lived a hard life D.lead a hard lives
2.The old man makes a living________selling newspapers.
A.on B.by
C.at D.over
3.The animals in________wild lead an active life.
A.a B.an
C.the D./
4.Here is a problem needing to________us.
A.explain B.be explained
C.be explained to D.explained by
5.I didn't know the________are dying________.
A.animals in danger;out B.dangerous animal;out
C.dangerous animals;away D.danger animals;out
6.The poor in the country need________.
A.cared for B.caring
C.to be careful with D.to be taken care of
7.The people who are out of work should________the new situation quickly.
A.adapt in B.adapt themselves to
C.be adapt at D.adapt
8.The teacher explained________the main points________a list of them.
A.them;by making B.to them;to make
C.them;to make D.to them;by making
9.You can easily find the great harm they do________.
A.to nature B.to the nature
C.at nature D.in nature
10.We must________to protect the________animals.
A.take measure;dangerous B.take steps;danger
C.take measures;endangered D.take step;endangering
11.We are sure to find out________of things________them.
A.the causes and effects;by studying
B.the causes and effect;by learning
C.the cause and effect;at studying
D.the cause and effect;in studying
12.Eskimos make their clothes from the________of seals.
A.furs B.hair
C.fur D.skin
13.A final solution________the problem was thought________at last.
A.of;of B.to;of
C.to;about D.of;out
14.People try to keep animals________.
A.becoming endangered B.being endanger
C.from being endangered D.both B and C
15.Don't tell it to anyone,________to my parents.
A.above all B.after all
C.in all D.first of all
16.It doesn't________ a great difference________ he comes or not.
A.make;if B.make;whether
C.show;if D.show;whether
17.After so many years，he remains a(an)________worker.
A.common B.usual
C.ordinary D.extraordinary
18.Although the working mother is very busy，she still________a lot of time to her children. A.devotes B.spends
C.offers D.provides
19.His parents died when she was only a small child，so she was________by her aunt.
A.grew up B.brought up
C.picked up D.taken up
20.It is necessary to use a short-wave to________all kinds of programmes.
A.turn up B.ask for
C.put on D.pick up
21.People often want to know what my job is.Often I________that question.
A.ask B.am asking
C.get asked D.get asking
22.Elephants would________ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
A.die down B.die out
C.die from D.die of
23.________word came that the new president was going to inspect(視察)our school.
A.A B.The
C.Some D./
24.The man is much________ his wife.
A.devoted to B.devoted at
C.devoting to D.devoting himself
25.In Hangzhou，Mr Green was so struck by________beauty of ________nature that he stayed for another night.
A./;/ B./;the
C.the;/ D.the;the
Ⅱ.完形填空
As Christmas is coming,there are presents to be bought,cards to be sent,and rooms to be cleaned.Parents are 1 with difficult jobs of hiding presents from curious young children.If the gifts are large,this is sometimes a real 2 .On Christmas Eve,young children find the excitement almost unbearable.They are torn between the wish to go to bed early so that Father Christmas will bring their presents quickly and the wish to 3 up late so that they will not 4 the fun.The wish for gifts usually proves stronger.But though children go to bed early,they often lie 5 for a long time,hoping to get a short 6 at Father Christmas.
Last Christmas,my wife and I 7 hid a few large presents in the storeroom.I 8 the moment when my son,Jimmy,would 9 me where that new bike had come from,but 10 he did not see it.
On Christmas Eve, 11 took the children hours to go to sleep.It must have been nearly 12
when my wife and I went quietly into their room and began 13 stockings.Then I pushed in the 14 I bought for Jimmy and left it beside the Christmas tree.We knew we would not get much sleep that night,for the children were 15 to get up early.At about five o'clock the next morning,we were 16 by loud sounds coming from the children's room-they were shouting excitedly! 17 I had time to get out of bed,young Jimmy came riding into the room on his new bike,and his sister,Mary,followed close behind pushing her new baby carriage. 18 the baby arrived.He moved 19 the hands and knees into the room dragging a large balloon behind him.Suddenly it burst.That woke us up 20 .The day had really begun with a band（巨響）!
1.A.faced B.met
C.filled D.pleased
2.A.question B.matter
C.problem D.business
3.A.get B.stay
C.stand D.wake
4.A.lose B.break
C.miss D.leave
5.A.awake B.wake
C.asleep D.sleep
6.A.look B.stare
C.glare D.watch
7.A.hopefully B.busily
C.gladly D.successfully
8.A.liked B.feared
C.surprised D.hated
9.A.answer B.tell
C.ask D.search
10.A.sadly B.unluckily
C.possibly D.fortunately
11.A.it B.they
C.I D.we
12.A.morning B.midnight
C.evening D.daybreak
13.A.filling B.sewing
C.mending D.preparing
14.A.present B.stocking
C.bike D.tree
15.A.going B.sure
C.glad D.excited
16.A.troubled B.frightened
C.woken D.shocked
17.A.Before B.After
C.Until D.Since
18.A.Even B.And
C.Soon D.Then
19.A.with B.on
C.over D.by
20.A.all B.nearly
C.happily D.completely
Ⅲ.短文改錯
I used to love science class-all of them- 1.________
biology,chemistry,geography,physics.I think I 2.________
liked those classes because I felt that it helped me 3.________
understand what the world works.For example,when 4.________
I was a child,the rain was a mystery（奧秘）.In one 5.________
class,I learned it rained.I think science classes 6.________
clear up mysteries.But then there is always more 7.________
mysteries look into.What was my least favourite class? 8.________
That was maths.After learn the basics of the subject. 9.________
nothing else seemed very practically to me.I never 10.________
saw how I could use it in my daily life.
Ⅳ.書面表達
提示：你校學生會將為來訪的美國朋友舉辦一個晚會，要在學校廣播中宣布此事，并歡迎大家參加。為使美國朋友聽懂，請你用英語寫一篇廣播通知。要點如下：
宗旨：歡迎來訪的美國朋友
組織者：學生會
時間：8月15日（星期六）晚7:30
地點：主樓屋頂花園
活動內容：音樂、舞蹈、唱歌、游戲、交換小禮品（請包裝好、簽名并在包裝外面寫上幾個祝愿詞）
注意：1.廣播稿約100詞。
2.應包括以上要點，但不要逐字翻譯，要組織成一篇通順連貫的短文。
3.開頭語已為你寫好。
生詞：交換禮品：to exchange gifts；學生會：the Student Union
May I have your attention,please?I have an announcement to make…
Ⅴ.同步語法專項練習
1.Can you make sure ________ the gold ring?
A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put
C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put
2.You can't imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas gifts.
A.how they were excited B.how excited they were
C.how excited they are D.they were how excited
3.John has a new car，I wonder when ________ it.
A.he got B.did he get
C.gets D.he is getting
4.I wonder how many years ago ________.
A.did your father retire B.your father retired
C.has your father retired D.your father has retired
5.What time do you think ________?
A.will Tom come here this morning
B.Tom will come here with John
C.is Tom coming here with John
D.can Tom get here this morning
6.Bob was never sure of ________ verbs of those were regular.
A.what B.that
C.if D.which
7.I'll eat ________ you give me.
A.that B.no matter that
C.whatever D.no matter which
8.These ancient Indians used to live in ________ is now a part of the United States.
A.where B.the place
C.which D.what
9.Can you tell me ________?
A.who is that woman B.who the woman is
C.whom is the woman D.that woman is
10.Jack said ________ to meet the American friends.
A.which he pleased B.he is pleased
C.that he was pleased D.what he was pleased
11.Lei Feng was always thinking of ________he could help others.
A.that B.how
C.whom D.which
12.-I believe ________ you've done your best and ________ things will improve.
-Thank you.
A.that;/ B./;/
C.what;what D./;that
13.The question he asked was ________ the electrical equipment should be stored.
A.what B.which
C.where D.because
14.These photographs will show you ________.
A.what our village looks like
B.what does our village look like
C.how our village looks like
D.how does our village look like
15.You can write about ________topic you like.
A.which B.whose
C.whatever D.no matter what
16.________ think will take care of the children?
A.Who you B.Who do you
C.Whom you D.Whom do you
17.He'd like to know what ________ today.
A.the weather looks B.does the weather look
C.the weather looks like D.does the weather look like
18.-Is that your watch?
-No，I can't tell ________.
A.whose is that watch B.whose that watch is
C.whose watch is that D.whose watch is
19.I want to know ________ the leather coat belong to.
A.whose B.which
C.that D.whom
20.I don't care ________they think of me.I'll do ________ I think right.
A.how;what B.what;how
C.what;what D.that;that
參考答案
Ⅰ.單項選擇
1.C 過去時。
2.B by doing sth.通過做……。
3.C 固定短語:在野外。
4.C 被動語態與不定式混合應用。
5.A die out滅絕。
6.D
7.B adapt sb.to…使……適應于……。
8.D explain to sb.sth.。
9.A do harm to對……有危害;nature前無冠詞。
10.C
11.A study研究。
12.C fur 不可數名詞,指皮毛;skin 指表皮,皮膚。
13.B the solution to the problem這個問題的解決辦法。
14.C 阻止……做……from不可以省略。
15.A 從重要性角度考慮。
16.B make a difference造成不同;It為形式主語, whether引導主語從句, if不可。
17.C 一位普通工人,用ordinary，常見的用common。
18.A devote…to…把……獻給……。
19.B grow up不及物動詞詞組,不用被動語態。
20.D pick up接受電波。
21.C get asked=be asked。
22.B 滅絕。
23.D word為消息,前不接冠詞。
24.A devoted to對……忠誠。
25.C 西湖的美景,特指;beauty前加the。
Ⅱ.完形填空
1.A 面臨。
2.C 真正的問題。
3.B 固定詞組，意為“熬夜”。
4.C 錯過。
5.A 躺著不睡。
6.A 看一眼。
7.D 指把禮物藏好。
8.B 擔心。
9.C 問。
10.D 幸運地是。
11.A it是形式主語，代替不定式to go to sleep。
12.B 半夜。
13.A 裝滿。
14.C 下文談到，禮物是自行車，所以選C。
15.B 確信。
16.C 吵醒。
17.A 還沒來得及。
18.A 就連小孩子也來了,even甚至。
19.B 爬著進了屋子。
20.D 徹底地，完全地
Ⅲ.短文改錯
1.class→classes 2.√ 3.it→they 4.what→how 5.去掉the 6.在it前加why 7.is→are 8.在look前加to 9.learn→learning 10.practically→practical
Ⅳ.書面表達
May I have your attention,please?I have an announcement to make.The Student Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening,August 15,to welcome our friends from the United States.The party will be held in the roof garden of the Main Building.It will begin at 7:30 p.m.There will be music,dancing,singing,games and exchange of gifts.Will everybody please bring along a small gift for this purpose?Remember to warp it up,sign your name and write a few words of good wishes.
Don't forget:7:30,Saturday evening,roof garden,Main Building.There's sure to be a lot of fun.Everybody is welcome.
Ⅴ.同步語法專項練習
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B
6.D of those表示范圍;因此用which。
7.C whatever無論什么。
8.D 介詞in后接賓語從句。
9.B 10.C 11.B
12.D 賓語從句為兩個并列分句時,第二句的that不可省。
13.C 14.A 15.C
16.B do you think為插入語, will主語為who。
17.C 18.B
19.D 作“to”賓語;用賓格 “whom”。
20.C 句型what do you think of …征求對方意見。