Unit15 it的用法
一、考點(diǎn)聚焦
1、it的基本用法
（1）用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過(guò)的事物。
The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.
（2）用以代替提示代詞this, that。
-What’s this? -It’s a knife.
-Whose watch is that? -It’s mine.
（3）起指示代詞的作用，指一個(gè)人或事物。
-Who is knocking at the door? -It’s me.
（4）指環(huán)境情況等。
It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.
（5）指時(shí)間、季節(jié)等。
-What time is it? -It’s eight o’clock.
It often rains in summer here.
（6）指距離。
It is a long way to the school.
（7）作形式主語(yǔ)。
It is not easy to finish the work in two days.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.
（8）作形式賓語(yǔ)。
I think it no use arguing with him.
I found it very interesting to study English.
He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.
（9）用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。
It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night.
It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.
It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.
It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.
2、含有“It is …”的句型
（1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth.
It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
（2）It is + 形容詞（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.
通常用 of的詞有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。
（3）It is + 形容詞 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）
能用于這個(gè)句型的形容詞有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有時(shí)可省去should而直接用動(dòng)詞原形。如：
It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.
It is natural that he（should）say so.
（4）It is no use/ good + doing sth.
It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.
（5）It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/who + …
Was it in the street that you met her?
Who was it that called him“comrade”?
It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.
It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.（注意上述各句均為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的“考點(diǎn)”）
比較：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定語(yǔ)從句）
（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that…
（7）It is/was + 時(shí)間 + since … 從……已多久了。
It is three years since I met him in Beijing.
It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意兩句中的時(shí)態(tài)）
It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到紐約已經(jīng)五個(gè)月了。
It is five months since I was in New York.我離開(kāi)紐約已經(jīng)五個(gè)月了。
（注意：終止性動(dòng)詞表示從動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)算起；如果是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則從動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。）
（8）It is + 時(shí)間 + before …
這個(gè)句型和上面句型中時(shí)間都是時(shí)間段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不過(guò)主句的時(shí)態(tài)多用一般將來(lái)時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
It will be several years before we meet again.
我們要過(guò)好幾年才能再見(jiàn)面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.
不久他們就出發(fā)去了前線。
（9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that …
It is the first time that I have been here.
It was the second time that he had seen the film.
（10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 應(yīng)由某人做某事。
It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
二、精典名題導(dǎo)解
選擇填空
1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)
A.There B.This C.That D.It
解析：答案為D。本題考查作形式主語(yǔ)的用法。that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。為避免頭重腳輕而平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，將it置于句首作形式主語(yǔ)。
2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________.(NMET 1995)
A.it B.those C.them D.one
解析：答案為D。本題考查替代詞it和one的區(qū)別。it用于替代同類的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同類的、泛指的人或物。根據(jù)題意“我希望有足夠的杯子使每個(gè)客人有一個(gè)。”可知應(yīng)用one泛指enough glasses中的一個(gè)。
3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert?
A.it you B.not you C.you D.that yourself
解析：答案為A。本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問(wèn)式。只須將句序變?yōu)殛愂鼍浔悴浑y得出答案。
三、專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?
A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)
2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)
3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A.this B.that C.its D.it (91)
4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A.this B.that C.he D.it (91)
5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.
A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then (92)
6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.
A.that B.this C.one D.it (93)
7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.
A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)
8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A.There B.This C.That D.It (95)
9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.
A.until B.that C.then D.so (97)
10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.
A.it B.that C.these D.them (98)
11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A.one B.that C.what D.it (2000)
參考答案
1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B