Unit5
(一)by sea，by the sea，in the sea，on the sea
(1)by sea “走海路，乘船”，用來表示交通方式，同by ship同義。
e.g.They often travel by sea in summer.
夏天他們常常乘船去旅行。
These heavy boxes should be sent by sea.
這些重箱子應由海路運送。
(2)by the sea “在海邊”，相當于on the coast。
e.g.There are many travellers by the sea.
海邊有很多游客。
The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Children’s Day.
兒童節(jié)孩子們在海邊玩了個痛快。
(3)in the sea “在海里，在海水中”
e.g.There are many plants and animals in the sea.
海洋中有很多動植物。
He prefers to swim in the sea.
他更喜歡在海中游泳。
(4)on the sea “在海上”，也有“在海邊”的意思。
e.g.It was reported that many boats sailing on the sea had been lost.
據(jù)報道，在海上航行的很多船只失蹤了。
I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea.
我想到一個位于海濱，地點甚佳的城鎮(zhèn)去生活。
(二)be afraid，be afraid to do sth.，be afraid of(doing)sth.
(1)be afraid意為“擔心，害怕”，多用于口語，常用來表示一種歉意，或遺憾，后可接so或that，也可接that從句。I’m afraid(that) 其語意相當于I’m sorry，but…。
e.g.-Are we on time?
我們準時嗎？
-I’m afraid not.
恐怕不準時。
-Are we late?
我們遲到了嗎？
-I’m afraid so.
恐怕遲到了。
I’m afraid I can’t help you.
恐怕我不能幫你。
I’m afraid you’ll get caught in the rain.
恐怕你要淋雨。
(2)be afraid to do常表示“由于膽小而不敢做某事”。
e.g.She is afraid to be here alone.
她不敢單獨呆在這里。
He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.
他不敢從橋上跳進河里。
(3)be afraid of(doing)sth.常表示“擔心或害怕某事(發(fā)生)”。
e.g.He was afraid to walk across the one-logged bridge because he was afraid of falling into the river.
他不敢過那個獨木橋，因為他擔心會掉進河水里。
I was afraid of hurting her feelings.
我擔心傷害她的感情。
We are not afraid of difficulties.
我們不怕困難。
(三)high與highly
(1)high既可用作形容詞，也可用作副詞，表示具體的“高的”“高地”之意。
e.g.The wall is two metres high.
這堵墻有兩米高。
They were climbing a high mountain.
他們在爬一座高山。
Can you jump that high?
你能跳那么高嗎？
The kite was flying high in the sky.
風箏在天空中高高地飛翔著。
(2)highly是副詞，表示抽象的意思，“高地，高度地”。
e.g.He is a highly skilled worker.
他是一個高度熟練的技術(shù)工人。
The headmaster thought highly of our work.
校長高度評價了我們的工作。
英語中還有一些類似用法的副詞。
e.g.He went on working until deep into the night.
他繼續(xù)工作到深夜。
I was deeply moved by his words.
我被他的話語深深地感動了。
Open your mouth wide，please.
請把嘴張大。
English is widely used in the world.
英語在世界上得到了廣泛地使用。
(四)finally，at last，in the end
三者均可表示“(經(jīng)過周折、等待、耽誤)最后，終于”之意。不同的是finally一般用在句中動詞前面，而at last與in the end的位置則較為靈活；三者中at last語氣最為強烈，且可單獨作為感嘆句使用。
e.g.After putting it off three times，we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian.
經(jīng)過三次延期之后，我們終于在大連度了一次假。
At last he knew the meaning of life.
他終于明白了生命的真諦。
Smith has passed the exam at last.
史密斯終于通過了考試。
The tax-man always gets you in the end.
收稅的人最后總是能找到你的。
But in the end he gave in.
但他最后還是屈服了。
At last!Where on earth have you been?
總算找到你了！你到底上哪兒去了？
另外，finally還可用在列舉事項時，引出最后一個內(nèi)容，相當于lastly。
e.g.Firstly，we should make a plan;secondly，we should carry it out;finally we should make a conclusion.
首先，我們要制定計劃。其次，我們要執(zhí)行計劃。最后，我們要進行總結(jié)。