U7-U8 (S.B.I)
2. a number of / the number of
a number of 意為“一些；許多”，相當(dāng)于many，用于修飾可數(shù)名詞．它所修飾的名詞作主語時(shí)，中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其謂語動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)形式．
the number of 意為“……的數(shù)量；號(hào)碼”．當(dāng)它與后面的名詞連用時(shí)，中心詞的the number，如果用作主語，其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)．
用 a number of / the number of 填空
1. Do you know ____ number of my telephone?
2. ____ number of trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.
3. We have lived here for ____ number of years.
4. ____ number of jobless people grows in the countryside at present.
5. ____ number of students are playing football on the playground.
6. ____ number of students in our class is 70.
5. cut off / down / up / through /cut off a. 切斷,阻斷
If you cut off the supply of water and electricity, we can do nothing but give in.
b. 停止,中斷...的(電話)通話
He cut off her rudely. We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.
c. 切掉,砍掉 He had a finger cut off by a machine
cut down 砍掉,切掉; 減少(數(shù)量等) cut down expenses 減少開支
cut up 切碎,剪碎 cut up meat 將肉切碎
cut through 剪斷; 刺(鑿)穿; 抄近路穿過
The tailor cut through the cloth by mistake.
They had to cut through the mountain to make a railway here.
Cut through this alley(胡同). It will save time
cut out 刪除，戒掉cut in 插嘴， 突然插入
1. We must _______________ our expenses.
2. We were for _____ ________ the cost of production.
3. Let’s ______________ the unimportant details.
4. They were then almost completely _____________ from the outside world.
5. He often _________________ with a few remarks while we were discussing the problem.
6. I’m _______________ this pile of wood ________.
7. The army was called in to ________________ the fallen trees.
6. stay 的用法 stay up : a. 挺住、站住、不倒
This is the only building that stayed up in the earthquake.
b. 熬夜、不睡 He stayed up all night, preparing the papers
stay away (from sb.): 保持距離、不打擾 Tell him to stay away from my sister
stay in: 呆在家不出去 The doctor told me to stay in for a few days.
stay out: 呆在外面 I don’t like you staying out so late.
stay ahead: 領(lǐng)先、占上風(fēng)stay behind: 留在后面
The teacher asked him to stay behind after class.
stay with: 與……呆在一起；繼續(xù)使用 Please stay with me a little longer.
7. 表示倍數(shù),分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)使用的句型 a. 倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)＋ as ＋ adj./adv. ＋ as
b. 倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)＋比較級(jí)(adj./adv.)＋than c. 倍數(shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)＋the size (length, depth,
height, weight ...)＋of He runs three times as fast as she.
This problem is ten times easier than that one. This room is twice the size of that one.
1. The room is half the size of that one. It was 25% cheaper than the market price.
2. I have two-thirds as many as you.
8. what 和 how 引導(dǎo)感嘆句
what + (a) +adj. +n. what + n. how + adj. + a(an) +n. how + adj. / adv.
What a clever boy (he is)! How clever a boy (he is)!
What fine weather we have had these days! How hard he has worked in the past two weeks
as / like
① 用作介詞時(shí)，as 側(cè)重于同一性，意味著屬于同一類或完全相似；like 側(cè)重比較，不意味著屬于同一類或完全相似。
He speaks English as an Englishman. He speaks English like an Englishman
② 當(dāng)與系動(dòng)詞 (be, look, seem 等)連用作表語時(shí)，要用like；而在某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)如(as follows, as a whole, as usual, as you know, 等)只能用 as，不能替代。
① She is a fine singer, ________ her mother used to be.
② It looks ______ a stone.③ _______ you know, he got into lots of bad habits.
④ You are just ________ what I expected.⑤ He ought to do __________ I tell him.
11. room
room: a. 房間(可數(shù)名詞) -roomed : adj. a ten-roomed house
b. 空間(不可數(shù)名詞) There was room in the bus to stand but not to sit.
This table takes up too much room. There is no room for doubt. 沒有懷疑的余地
make room for … 為…騰出地方（位置） space: a. 表空間(同room)
b. (二物或多物間的)間隔距離(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))
the spaces between printed words separated by a space of ten meters
Put as much space as possible between the lines.
12. prepare / prepare for / get (be) ready
1. get (be) ready 意為“準(zhǔn)備好”，強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)備的結(jié)果，常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：
get ready for sth. get sth. ready be ready for sth. be ready to do sth. (準(zhǔn)備干某事，樂于干某事)
2. prepare 意為“準(zhǔn)備”，強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)備的動(dòng)作與過程，賓語是這一動(dòng)作的承受者。某后還可接雙賓語，還可接不定式。
3. prepare for 意為“為……做準(zhǔn)備”，for 的賓語不是動(dòng)作的承受者，而是表示準(zhǔn)備的目的，即所要應(yīng)付的情況。
prepare常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有： prepare sth. 準(zhǔn)備某物（事）prepare sth. for sth. 使……為……做好準(zhǔn)備prepare to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備做某事prepare for sth. 為某事做準(zhǔn)備
prepare sb. for sth. 使某人對(duì)某事有思想準(zhǔn)備be prepared for sth. 準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付某事
1. Mother was busy __________ us lunch in the kitchen when I got home.
2. The doctor told the nurses to ____________ the operation at once.
3. We ____________ to do anything for the people.
4. Will you help me ____________ the party?
5. Please ____________ by seven o’clock tomorrow morning.
6. The teacher is ______________ the exam.
7. The students are ______________ the exam.
8. Will you __________ her for the bad news that is coming?
13. 由 turn 構(gòu)成的幾個(gè)短語和句型
① take turns ( at sth. ): 輪流做某事
Mary and Henry took turns at looking after their sick mother.
② by turns: (指人, 團(tuán)體)輪流地, 依次地
She went hot and cold by turns. They laughed and cried by turns.
③ in turn: (指兩人)輪流地; (指三人)一個(gè)接一個(gè)地,接連地, 依次
They were ordered to see the teacher in turn
④ out of turn:在規(guī)定時(shí)間之前或之后不按順序
You mustn't speak out of ( your ) turn.
⑤ It’s one’s turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事
Now it’s your turn to read the text.
17. one / ones / that / those
① one 代可數(shù)名詞，指非限定的一個(gè)。
I’d like a cake made by my mother, not one bought at a shop.
He’s not one to bow before difficulties.如果指限定的一個(gè)則用 the one。
Our hotel is the one nearest the sea. The boy who threw the stone is the one with fair hair.
② that 代不可數(shù)名詞。The weather here is warmer than that in Beijing
③ one 可代人或物，that 只能代物。
A student who studies hard has more chances to succeed than one who doesn’t.
④ ones 和 those 代復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
The machines are better than those/ the ones we turned out last year.
18. discover / invent / find out
discover: 發(fā)現(xiàn)原本存在而未被人所知的東西 Columbus discovered America in 1492.
discover還作“發(fā)現(xiàn)某種情況”講,后面可接名詞,代詞,復(fù)合賓語和賓語從句.
invent: 意指創(chuàng)造客觀形式世界上從未有過的新事物 "發(fā)明"
Edison invented lots of new things in his life.
find out: 通過努力而發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)的真相,查明...,
They wanted to find out what on earth was the matter.
用 discover / invent / find (out) 填空
1. Electricity wasn’t __________ by Edison, but he _________ the electric light.
2. Have you __________ the bike you lost last week?
3. We ___________ her to a good doctor.
4. This kind of machine was __________ many years ago.
19. ever before / ever since / ever after
ever before:在以往任何時(shí)候,語氣強(qiáng)于before He works harder than ever before.
ever since: 從那以后,語氣強(qiáng)于since, I have known him ever since he was a baby.
ever after意思同ever since，區(qū)別是 ever since 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；ever after 用于一般過去時(shí)。
用 ever before / ever since / ever after填空
① The flowers grow more beautiful than ____________.
② I haven’t written home _____________ Christmas.
③ I have known her ___________ she was a baby.
④ They lived happily ___________.
⑤ I lost my money and I have been worried _____________.
20. sound / noise / voice
1. Sound 指各種聽得見的聲音，這種聲音可以是悅耳的，也可以是不悅耳的；
2. Noise 指各種“噪音、響聲、喧鬧聲”；
3. Voice 指人的說話聲、歌聲或笑聲，也可以指鳥鳴聲，也可以用于比喻。
4. I heard a strange ________ in the next room.
5. She listened to the low, sad __________ of the sea.
6. The manager must be in the next room. I heard his __________.
7. Don’t make such a ___________.
8. The _______ from that factory makes it difficult for me to go to sleep.
9. _______ travels fast, but light travels faster. The baby cried at top of his _________.
21. not … but …
She isn’t at school but at home today. He didn’t do any work today but played all day.
試比較下列兩個(gè)句子
Not he but you are to blame for this accident. No one but you is to blame for this accident.
21. as many as / as much as
As many as 意為“多達(dá)……, ……之多”，常用于人或物的具體數(shù)量前，結(jié)構(gòu)為：
As many as + 數(shù)詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞；
As much as 常用在“雨量、水量、時(shí)間量、重量、價(jià)格”等方面，表示“總量”和“單位量”的大小，結(jié)構(gòu)為： as much as +數(shù)詞+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞
試比較：…倍數(shù) + as many + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + as ;…倍數(shù) + as much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + as
用 as many as / as much as填空
1. __________ 250,000 people lost their homes in the earthquake.
2. The rain is plentiful here, often _________ seventy inches a year.
3. At the job, she could earn _____________ eighty dollars a week.
4. The civil war in the country lasted _____________ 16 years.
23. alone 與 lonely
① 詞性：alone 可以作 adj. 和 adv; lonely 只能作adj.
② 用法：作形容詞時(shí)，alone 只能作表語或賓補(bǔ)不能作定語；lonely 可以作表語和定語。alone不能用very 修飾，而要說much alone 或very much alone。
l 詞義：作表語時(shí)，alone 的意思是“獨(dú)自一人”指的是客觀情況；lonely 的意思是“寂寞”指的是主觀感覺。
m 固定結(jié)構(gòu)：leave / let sb. / sth. alone 聽任、不打擾； let alone 更不用說
1. He feels ___________ though he has two brothers.
2. The old man lives in a _________ house in the forest _________.
3. When he woke up, he found himself _____ in the room.
4. Though he is ________ at home he doesn’t feel _______, for he has many things to do.
5. The baby can’t walk; let ________ run.
6. Leave the machine ______. It’s dangerous
改錯(cuò)
1. What he said was sounded true.
2. Our water supply was cut down for a day.
3. Please wait in a while, we’ll be here soon.
4. Many people were killed in their cars, but a few lucky one were not hurt.
5. Weak buildings will drop down in an earthquake, but strong ones may stay up.
6. Take turn to carry water.
7. Corn was not the only food which was taken to Europe.
8. Early Europe travellers took many new seeds to their own countries.
9. He ran through the road.
10. Mother can prepare food by many different ways.
Translation
1. 正當(dāng)我考慮去哪兒弄這么多錢準(zhǔn)備這次旅行時(shí),我姐姐主動(dòng)提供幫助我。
2. Benjamin Franklin發(fā)現(xiàn)了電,而電燈是由Edison發(fā)明的。
3. 這車子很擠了,但我想我們能夠再擠出 一個(gè)人的空間。
4. 自從上星期來,學(xué)生們就一直在忙于準(zhǔn)備即將到來的考試。
5. 如果世界人口繼續(xù)這樣增長(zhǎng)的話,地球上將只有站立的地方了。
6. 竹子可被制成多種有用的產(chǎn)品。7. 這湯的味道多好啊!我想再來一碗。
8. 唐山地震發(fā)生于1976年7月28日凌晨3 點(diǎn)多，幾乎所有的建筑物頃刻間毀于
一旦，只有極少一部分留了下來，許多人變得無家可歸；許多人在這場(chǎng)地
震中失去了生命。因?yàn)樘鞖庋谉岬木壒剩粓?chǎng)嚴(yán)重的疫病襲擊了當(dāng)?shù)氐娜?/p>
們。幸運(yùn)的是在黨和政府的幫助下，很快地建起了一座新的現(xiàn)代化的城
市。自那以后，唐山再?zèng)]發(fā)生過如此慘重的地震。