(Teaching aims and demands)
類別 課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目
話題
Talking about news and the media
詞
匯
media reliable fire face difficulty editor reason elect injure headline inform informed
relate talent talented switch interviewer present reflect effort spiritual seldom AIDS addict
social attention tolerate affair concern telegram retire complete bore attitude disappoint
guard citizen polluter arm update
go up burn down relate sb／sth relate to for once be addicted to even if draw attention to
on all sides change one's mind current affairs look up to fall in love with
功
能
1．談?wù)撔侣劽襟w(Talking about news and the media)
Our readers want to know about…
Which of the media is the most reliable?
Newspapers and other media do more than simply record what happens．
2．表達(dá)意見(Expressing opinions)
The man was careful|funny|nosy|generous|honest|clever…
What do you think of…? 1 would rather choose…
What's your opinion? I don't think we should choose…
Why do you choose…? I don't think we should choose…
Perhaps…is more important．
語
法
過去分詞短語作定語和表語
1．能夠用．ed形式描述人或物品的特性或狀態(tài)；
a journalist He is experienced一 ‘
an experienced joumalist ，
a programme It is updated一 。
an updated programme
1 want to write about people addicted幻drugs．
2．能夠用一ed形式與系動(dòng)詞連用，描述人或物品的特性或狀態(tài)；
The American audience is excited about Yao Ming ‘s performance .
\
．
閱讀本單元課文，完成下列各題：
§1．1細(xì)枝末節(jié)
(Passage 1)
●1 what's the basic task for a reporter?
A．To report events as what happened．
B．T0 reflect opinions according to readers’tastes．
C．To develop stories as the editors tell him or her．
D．To draw readers’attention．
●2 The first sentence in the first paragraph mean
A．more information was given to us by news
other media than that simply recorded
B．it takes newspapers and other media more efforts and time to report what happens than just record what happens
C．what newspapers and 0ther media can give us is much
more than what is simply recorded
D．recording what hapPens is much easier than．using
newspapers and other media
●3 According to the passage， the media mentioned are
A．newspapers B．TV programme C．Broadcasts
D．Both A and B
(Passage 2)
●4 what happened in the first report?
A．Some workers in the company are on strike． 。
B．A group of about 100 people made trouble for the
workers in the company．
C．Not all of the trouble--makers left peacefullv after the
police arrived．
D．Workers fought with the trouble-makers．
●5 In the 2 nd report what happened?
A．A peaceful march against pollution was put to an end
by the company．
B．The company was in trouble because of the citizens．
C．The citizens fighting against the poUution fought a-
gainst the angry men with sticks．
D．0n seeing the men with sticks sent by the company，
the citizens were timid and frightened．
●6 The company in the first report is considered__ ______
while in the second it is regarded as
A．the best；the worst B．a(chǎn) best；the worst
C．the richest；the poorest D．richest：poorest
§1．2主旨大意
●7 what topic is treated in Passage 1 7 A．How is the news made and written?
B．How does a reporter decide what to write?
C．How do newspapers help us understand the worl‘
D．Their jobs and how the news we read is made written．
●8 what’s the best title for each story in Passage 2 7
A．The most successful company／The worst compan
B．A Fight with the police／A Fight with citizens．
C．Friends or enemies?／Bad or g00d citizens?
D．Making troubles／Carrying out the right of the
citizens．
§1．3推理判斷
9 “Behind the headlines'’
A．we can understand proves thatthe world better by reading headlines
B．the headlines must be written by talented journalis
C．publishing papers needs much and is worth doing
D．the headlines must be true
10. From two reports in Passage 2，we can infer
A．the most successful company in the first report is
ally the worst poIluter in the second one
B．the citizens against the pollution in the second report are the trouble-makers in the first report
C．police in the first report are the angry men armed with sticks to fight with the citizens in the second repcrt
D．a(chǎn)ll of the above
(answers :1.A 2.B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. B 9.C 10.D
Listening text:
Part 1:
R: reporter K: Mr Keller
R: Good morning, Mr Keller .My name is Harry Hunter and I work for the Daily Tumes .I would like to ask you a few questions about Jim Gray.
K: Good morning, Mr Hunter . What would you like to know about Mr Gray?
R: Well,I want to know if it is true that Mr Gray no longer works for your company .
K: Yes ,that’s true .Mr Gray was fired today .He has been having problems lately and it was time for him to leave .
R: I see .What kind of problems?
K: Mr Gray was too slow and it took him too long to do his job .He talked too much and was moisy and sometimes even wild .He was not serious enough .Instead of thinking about work ,he would spend too much time disturbing the other workers with questions and comments.
R: So the other workers didn’t like Mr Gray?
K: Mr Gray was very nosy, always trying to find out what other people were doing .Many people were also unhappy with Mr Gray because he was rude and said bad things about people.
R: I see .Were there any other reasons why uou fired him?
K: Yes, Mr Gray was also careless with his money .Now if you will excuse me,I have to get back to work .
R: Thank you for answering my questions.
Part 2
P: Paul W: Wendy
P: Hi, Wendy .Did you hear that Jim was fired today ?
W: Yes, I did. Isn’t it awfull I have worked with him for ten years and he is one of my best friends .I can’t believe that he was fired .
P: I don’t understand it, either. Jim faced many difficulties but wouldn’t give up .He was careful and always took the time to do a job well .
W: Even when he was very busy, Jim always found time to speak to others .He was funny and happy and liked to make others laugh .He always had a kind word for me.
P: Yes, he was always interested in other people and cared about their their life and problems .When my wife was ill ,he always asked me about her and tried to cheer me up.
W: Jim was always so generous .He was happy to spend money on good meals and gifts.
P: Yes, he was .And he was also very honest and always told people what he thought about something.
W: I suppose we won’t see him very often in the future .I’ll miss him.
P: I’ll miss him, too.
Listening text
The chief editor of a daily newspaper is having a meeting with the journalists. She is telling them what she wants them to do today.
Good morning, everybody .Listen carefully .This is what I want you to do.
Mick, Jane Sxott, the sportsman is arriving at the airport this morning .Her plane arrives at 11 .Will you be there please ?I want you to get a good photograph of her .See if you can talk to her .Ask her what her future plans are ,ok ?
Bob, the medical conference opens today at the Capital Hotel .It starets at 9 o’clock, so you ‘ll have to hurry .I want you to listen to the opening talk and make some notes .Get a photegraph too of the persom gibing the talk .
Susan ,I want you to interview someone at the Home Office .These new traffic plans are very interesting .I want you to set up an interview today .I want you to put your report in tomorrow’s paper. Get as much information as you can .Try to collect some plants or diagrams .They woll be very useful.
Language points
1. reliable可靠的；靠得住
rely on／upon依靠；指望
Is this information reliable?這條信息可靠嗎?
He 1ooks a nice．reliable mall．
他看上去是個(gè)仁慈可靠的人。
I rely on you to help me．我指望你幫我。
we can't rely on him／his coming on time．
別指望他按時(shí)來。
Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for work
現(xiàn)令人們?cè)絹碓揭蕾囉?jì)算機(jī)協(xié)助工作。
◇[考題1] Peter is my close friend，who can be______what he promises．
A．rlelied on to do
B．relied to do
C．relied on doing
D．relying to doing
[解析] 解本題的關(guān)鍵在判斷出rely的語態(tài)及含(to)do的語法功能。從句意可知，he與rely on之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以rely on應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。后半句是表示目的的狀語，to是不定式的符號(hào)。另外，B、D兩項(xiàng)中on不可少。[答案]A
2．go up漲價(jià)；上漲；上升；升級(jí)；增長(zhǎng)；(樓房等)蓋起來。修建起來
Everything went up except salaries．
除了薪水以外，其他一切都上漲了。
Have you seen the paper today?Up go the prices again!你看了今天的報(bào)紙嗎?又漲價(jià)了!
The temperature is going up．溫度正在上升。
New office buildings are going up everywhere．
到處都在建新的辦公大樓。 ．
◇[考題2] Although the prices of TV set are______，he managed to make the manager_____the price of that TV set．
A．going up；bring down B．gone up；go down
C．going up；brought down D．going down；bring up
[解析] 從語境看，前一空表示“上漲”，后一空表示“使……降價(jià)”才合題意，而不是相反。go up是個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，bring down是及物動(dòng)詞。[答案]A
3.inform vt.通知；告訴（后接名詞，代詞，of 引起的復(fù)合賓語、不定式及從句等）
He will inform where to go .
他將通知我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?/p>
He informed them of his arrival .
他告訴他們他到了.
He informed the police that some money was missing.
他向警方報(bào)案說有些錢不見了。
He is a well-informed man .
他是個(gè)消息靈通人士。
注意 : inform后不可直接用雙賓語。類似用法有：
warn sb.of sth
rob sb．of sth搶劫某人某物
remind sb．of sth.提醒某人某事
cure sb．of sth．治療好某人某病
◇[考題3] (1) The manager promised to keep me_____of how our
business was going on．
A．to be informed B．on informing
c．informed D．informing (2004年湖北黃岡市交流題)
【解析】 inform如果用主動(dòng)形式，則用法為inform sb．of sth但本題中“我”與inform之問存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，“我”才是被通知的對(duì)象，所以inform要使用被動(dòng)式。從句法功能可知，此處作賓語補(bǔ)足 語，即keep sb．／sth．done。[答案] c
(2)一Keep me informed--tlle latest news．
---OK．
A．by B．a(chǎn)t C．for D．of
[解析] informed表示“被通知的”，此處作賓語補(bǔ)足語，是被動(dòng)形式，因此本題涉及的主動(dòng)形式為inform sb．of sth．，這是一個(gè)固定 搭配。[答案] D
4. reIate n把……聯(lián)系起來 l
be related to與……有聯(lián)系；與……有關(guān)
relation n．(=relative)關(guān)系；親戚
I can't relate those two ideas．
我聯(lián)系不起來那兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。
I can't relate what he does to what he says．
我不能把他所做的與他所說的聯(lián)系起來。
two related questions兩個(gè)相關(guān)的問題
All tllings were related to all other things．
一切之事與其他之事均互相關(guān)聯(lián)。
[考題4] Can you _____what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind ?
A. connect B.keep in touch with
C.relate D.join to
[解析]四個(gè)詞組含義有相同之處,但更多的是含義及用法上的各不相同.connect 表示”聯(lián)系”,后多用with;keep in touch with 表示”與……聯(lián)系”,指的是交流溝通方面的;join to 表示”連接”,且to 為多余.句意表示”把……相聯(lián)系起來”
5． present adj．出席的；在場(chǎng)的；存在的；現(xiàn)在的
n．目前；現(xiàn)在；禮物
V.贈(zèng)與；呈遞；提出(論點(diǎn))
He was the only Engishman present．
他是在場(chǎng)的惟一的英國(guó)人。
Here's the doctor's present address．
這里是醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在的地址。
Oxygen is present in the air．空氣中存在著氧氣。
At present we are living in Paris．
目前我們住在巴黎。
He often gave her little presents．
他常常給她小禮物。
He presented the fund with a cheque／presented a
cheque to the fund．他把一張支票交給基金會(huì)。
She presented her case to the meeting．
她提出了自己的理由供會(huì)議討論。
◇[考題5] (1)All the people_______at the party were his supporters．(2002年北京高考題)
A．present 、B．thankful
C．interested D．important
[解析] 四個(gè)形容詞的含義各不相同：“出席的、感激的、感興趣的、重要的”。從句意看，應(yīng)該表示：“出席的人都是他的支持者”。由此可以確定答案。這一類題不是考查同義詞辨析，而是測(cè)試?yán)谜Z境選詞的能力，一般來講，此類題不太難。[答案]A
(2)Let’s leave things as they are_______，even though we may have a change later on．
A．present B．presently
C．a(chǎn)t present D．for the present
[解析] at present表示“現(xiàn)在；目前”；presently表示“不久；過了一會(huì)兒”，另外一種用法是相當(dāng)于at present。但本題的語境表示“就在來說，暫時(shí)”，用for the present表示。[答案]D
6. disappoint／bore比使人失望／厭倦
disappointing /boring vt.只使人失望的／厭倦的
disappointed／bored adj．失望的／厭倦的
He was bored．The meeting was boring.
他很煩，那個(gè)會(huì)議也讓人生厭。
The film disappointed／bored him． 影片使他失望／厭倦。
From the disappointed 1ook，I knew he failed the test again．
◇[考題6] The 1ong speech giyen by the old professor seemed
_____and endless．He felt so_____that he nearly fell asleep.
A．disappointed；boring
B．disappointed：bored
C．disappointing；bored
D．disappointing；boring
[解析]第一句的主語是speech，所以應(yīng)用disappointing(使人失望的)修飾；第二句的主語是he，所以應(yīng)用bored(厭倦的)修飾。又如
It’s a disappointing book．這是一本令人失望的書。[答案] C
7. fall in love愛上(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)
be in Iove with與……相戀；愛上(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))
He fell in 1ove with its warm weather．its clear brooks and thick forest．他愛上了這里溫暖的氣候，清清的溪流和茂密的森林。
They have been in love with each other for 2 years.
他們已經(jīng)相愛兩年了。
◇[考題7] They_______in love at first sight．Now，they____in
1ove with each other for nearly a month .
A．were；fell B．fell；were C．were；were D．fell；fell
[解析] at first sight表示“見第一眼”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；for nearly amonth是表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，不與短暫動(dòng)作(如fall in love)連用，要與完成時(shí)連用。[答案]B
8．face此面對(duì)；面向 誠(chéng)向朝；面臨(困難等)。正視對(duì)付(危險(xiǎn)、困難等)
The building faces tlle park．
那座建筑物面對(duì)著公園。
Left(Right)face．向左(右)轉(zhuǎn)。
I was faced with a new problem．
我面臨一個(gè)新問題。
We must face out trouble and boar it_
我們必須正視我們的困難，并勇于承受。
That’s a flat facing the south.
那是一座朝南的公寓。
◇[考題8](1)_______such a difficult problem，he didn’t know what to do． ．
A．Faced B．Facing C．Faced to D．Facing witll
[解析】face意為“面對(duì)”，用作及物動(dòng)詞，若用選項(xiàng)A則需加介詞with。[答案]B
(2)My mum dropped me off at elementary school，leaving me alone to_______new challenges．
A．offer B．a(chǎn)void C．dea1 with D．face with
[解析]offer提供，avoid逃避，依題意可排除；face=be face with除。deal with“處理，對(duì)付”，符合題意。[答案] C
9．reason理由；推論；推斷；說服，想出(解決問題的方法)
He reasoned that if we started at down．we would
be there by noon．
他推斷，我們要是黎明出發(fā)，中午就能到。
She was reasoned into a sensible courage of action．
她被說服而采取了理智的做法。
Tne detective tried to reason out how the thief had
escaped．
這個(gè)偵探反復(fù)琢磨想弄明白那個(gè)竊賊是怎樣逃跑的。
Have you tried reasoning with him?
你嘗試跟他講禮了嗎?
Philosophers are good at reasoning．
哲學(xué)家們都很善于推理。
◇[考題9] (1)He would give no_______for his behaviour．
A．reason B．a(chǎn)im C．cause D.target
[解析]句意：他沒有理由解釋他的行為。本句中能與for搭配使用的有reason、cause、target，但cause表示客觀原因；target目標(biāo)；只有reason表示“理由”；aim后應(yīng)與at搭配，而不是for。另外，reason做動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，表示“推論，推理”。[答案]A ，
(2)Be_______；you can't expect her to do all the work on her own．
A．1ogical B．honest C．reasonable D．sincere
[解析] 句意為“講點(diǎn)理吧，你不能指望她一個(gè)人單獨(dú)做所有這些事。”1ogical符合邏輯的，有邏輯頭腦的；honest“誠(chéng)實(shí)的”和sincere“真誠(chéng)的”明顯不合邏輯。【答案】c
10．burn down燒毀；(由于燃料燒盡而)火力減弱
The wood-shed burnt down in half an hour．
半個(gè)小時(shí)小木屋就燒毀了。
The fire is burning down，get some more coal please．火力在減弱請(qǐng)?jiān)倌眯┟簛怼?/p>
Ihe room grew colder as the fire burnt down．
那間房子里變得越來越冷隨著火勢(shì)減弱
◇[考題10] Tne shopping center in the city_______at a result of a cigarette．which shocked the whole country． 、
A．burned down B．turned down
C．turned up D．taken in
[解析] A項(xiàng)表示“燒毀”，B項(xiàng)表示“把(聲音)調(diào)小”，c項(xiàng)表示“把(聲音)調(diào)大些”，D項(xiàng)表示“吸入、欺騙等”。根據(jù)題意“那個(gè)城市的購(gòu)物中心被燒毀了”可以選出答案。[答案]A
11．Switch n.開關(guān)。電門轉(zhuǎn)換器；轉(zhuǎn)變。改變。交換位置
a light switch燈的開關(guān)
Could you switch the TV over?
請(qǐng)你改換電視頻道好嗎?
Our glasses have been catched-this is mine．
我們的杯子弄反了--這個(gè)才是我的。
含switch的詞組如下：
switch(Sth.)off切斷(電源煤氣等)
switch(sb．)off(使某人)感到乏味，厭煩等
switch on打開，接通
◇[考題11] Would you please_____the light? I can't see much
clearly．It is getting dark．
A．switch off B．switch on
C．turn off D．take on
[解析]從下文中的“我看得不是很清楚”以及“天在變黑”，可知“我要求你打開燈光”。“打開”有兩種表達(dá)：switeh on或turn on。“關(guān)上(C、D兩項(xiàng))”顯然有悖語境。[答案] B
12．Reflect vt.反映(某事物的性質(zhì))；表現(xiàn)；反射；映出；反省。考慮
Her sad 1ooks reflected the nature of her thoughts.
她面帶憂傷顯出心事重重。
The letter reflects her sorrow．那封信表現(xiàn)出她的痛苦。
Mirrors reflect light．鏡子反射光。
Trees reflected in a 1ake．湖中映出的樹影。
Please reflect on the matter．請(qǐng)仔細(xì)考慮那件事。
I reflect on possible reasons for my fai1ure．
我反省導(dǎo)致我失敗的種種原因。
◇[考題12] (1)Her happy look_____that she has done well in the exam.
A．presents B．reflects C．a(chǎn)ppears D．seems
[解析] A項(xiàng)表示“出席”，C項(xiàng)表示“出現(xiàn)”，D項(xiàng)表示“似乎”。依句意應(yīng)選“表現(xiàn)出”。[答案] B
(2)Though Van Gosh formed his own painting style，we can still see the______of some famous Freneh artists on his works．
A．reflect B．a(chǎn)pplication C．relation D．influence
【解析]B項(xiàng)表示“申請(qǐng)、運(yùn)用等”，C項(xiàng)表示“關(guān)系”，D項(xiàng)表示“影響”，只D項(xiàng)符合題意“他人對(duì)凡高有影響”。[答案】D
13．a(chǎn)ddict使沉溺。使入迷：使醉心
be addicted to沉迷于……
Don't addict yourself to such fcolish things．
不要沉溺于這些愚蠢的事情。
Many students are addicted to playing computer games．
很多學(xué) 生沉迷于玩電腦游戲。
◇ [考題13] Some students，who are addicted--the legend
Games，do not go to school at all．
A．to play B．to p1aying C．playing D．be playing
[解析]be addicted協(xié)為固定搭配“to’’為介詞，后接動(dòng)詞ing形 式[答案]B
14．ignore此忽視。不顧……，對(duì)(某Ⅳ事)不理睬，某事裝作不知道
He ignored my advice．他忽視(不顧)我的忠告。
I can’t ignore his rudeness any 1onger．
他的粗暴無禮我再也不能不聞不問了
◇[考題14] Some of the members demanded to know why they had
been kept_____the true facts until they reached the present critical stage．
A．in ignorance of B．in the light of
C．in honour of D．in view of
[解析] 句意為“一些成員要求知道為什么直到目前的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期他們才被告之真相。”此四個(gè)介詞短語意思不同。in ignorance of(對(duì)……) 不知道(或不了解);in honour of 對(duì)。。。。。。表示敬意 ；in view of 鑒于
I said hello to her，but she ignored me completely．
我向她打招呼，可她根本不理我。
15．on all sides(=on every side)在各方面。到處
On aⅡsides there was great enthusiasm over his speech．
對(duì)他的演講各個(gè)方面都有極大的熱情。
On every side we have heard approval of his plan．
我們到處聽到對(duì)他的計(jì)劃的贊同。
They were trapped_____with enemies on all sides．
他們被包圍了。敵人四面都是。
◇[考題15] Things that we're facing should be considered____，so that we'll deal with them well．
A．on all sides B．on their side
C．on the side D．by their side
[解析】 句意為“我們面對(duì)的事情應(yīng)該考慮周到，以便我們可以處理得好。’on one's side表示“支持”，on the side表示“額外地”，by one’s side表示“在某人旁邊”。依據(jù)句意可選出答案。 [答案]A
16．Tolerate vt.容忍；忍受；能服用；能經(jīng)受(治療)．寬恕
1 won't tolerate such behaviour．／your behaving inthisway．
不能容忍這種行為／你這樣做。
The noise wag more than all she could tolerate．
她不能忍受那噪聲。
Luckily，my parents were tolerant of my choice of music．
幸運(yùn)的是父母寬恕了我對(duì)音樂的選擇。
◇[考題16]-They don't have the best service，but I___-it because I love their food．
A．1ike B．tolerate C．bear D．stand
[解析] 分析句意可知所填詞表示“容忍，不在意”的意思，故應(yīng)為tolerate，而bear表示“承擔(dān)；承受……重量／負(fù)擔(dān)東西”等，stand雖也有“忍受、容忍”之意，但它指人面對(duì)艱難，痛苦，侮辱等不畏縮后退，不符語境。[答案] B
17．change one's mind改變主意
1 wanted to be a teacher when I was a child．But now I have changed my mind．
小時(shí)候我想當(dāng)一名教師，但是現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)改變主意了。
He isn’t a reliable man because he often changeshis mind．
他不是一個(gè)可靠的人因?yàn)樗?jīng)常改變主意。
◇[考題17] Nothing can stop a_____student_____his mind to
give up his studies．
A．promised；to change B．premised；changing
C．promising；changing D．promising．to change
[解析]promising為形容詞，意為“有前途的；有希望的”。由stop sb．doing sth．“阻止某人干萊事”知第二空填動(dòng)詞的ing形式，這句話意為“沒有什么能阻止一位有前途的學(xué)生改變主意而放棄自己的學(xué)業(yè)。”
[答案]C
18．concern vt.與……有關(guān)；涉及；影響到；使提心。
使關(guān)心(常與about，in。with搭配)
n．利害關(guān)系；關(guān)系重大的事‘
This article concerns a man who was wrongly imprisoned．這篇文章寫的是一個(gè)被誤抓入獄的人。
These problems concern all of us．
這個(gè)問題影響到我們大家每個(gè)人。
More and more people concern themselves about the environmental problem．越來越多的人關(guān)心起環(huán)境問題。
Mind your own concerns．管好你自己的事。
◇[考題18] (1)Anything that_______Mr．Green interests me．
A．concerns B．matters C．importances D．subjects
[解析] 句意為“任何關(guān)于格林先生的事，我都感興趣。”concern與……有關(guān)，關(guān)于，涉及；matter要緊，有關(guān)系；importance重要，重要性；subject主題，科目。[答案]A
(2)It’s not necessary for you t0 be____about 0thers’business．
A．concern B．concern yourself
C．concerning D．concerned
[解析] ‘‘be concerned about…”為固定搭配，表示“關(guān)心……”。B項(xiàng)有較大干擾性，但此空前有be動(dòng)詞，若無be動(dòng)詞，則B項(xiàng)正確。[答案] D
19．Complete vt.完成；結(jié)束；使……完整；齊備
adj．完整的
The railway is not completed yet．鐵路尚未完工。
We bou小t a house complete with furniture．
我們買了一套家具齊備的房子。
I need one more stamp before my collection is completed．
我集的郵票還差一張才完整。
complete／finish／end的區(qū)別：
它們都可作動(dòng)詞，表示結(jié)束一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或活動(dòng)，常譯為“完成”。
(1)finish是一般用法，常用作及物動(dòng)詞，其后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。.
(2)complete 是比較正式用語,一般表示對(duì)計(jì)劃.事業(yè) .建筑等的完后跟名詞或代詞,不跟動(dòng)名詞,不定式
(3)end 是指停止,結(jié)束某一過程
The headmaster has finished speaking .
When will the railway be completed .
They ended the meeting at five .
◇[考題19] (1)All the preparations for me task_____，and we're ready to start．
A．completed B．complete ‘
C．had been comDlered D．have been completed
[解析] 由題意知現(xiàn)在“一切準(zhǔn)備工作已經(jīng)完成”，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。[答案] D
(2)She______her set for dishes by buying the cups and saucers．
A．finished B．ended C．completed D．c1osed
[解析] 僅complcted可表示“使……完整”，而其他三詞均表示“結(jié)束”。[答案] c
(3)Is the story he told us a_______one?
A．end B．finish C．stop D．complete
[解析] complete有形容詞“完整的”的意思，可作定語或表語，其余三詞無此義。 [答案]D ．
20. update vt. 更新;使現(xiàn)代化的;使……不過時(shí);為……提供最新消息; 升級(jí)
An update model of this popular car .這種流行轎車的最新型號(hào)
The minister’s advises updated her on the situation.
部長(zhǎng)的顧問給她將了最新的局勢(shì).
[考題20] He is so lazy that he has not ___-__his homepaper for yuover a year .
A. updated B. out of date C. dated D. up to date
[解析]updated 表示”更新”;out of date =dated 表示”過時(shí)的”upto date 表示”時(shí)髦的,合乎潮流的”.此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞”更新”
[答案] A
21. adapt to 適應(yīng)
I find it difficult to adapt model of this popular car .
這種很流行轎車的最新型號(hào).
It is not wasy to adapt oneself to new conditions .
很難使一個(gè)人適應(yīng)新環(huán)境.
adapt oneself to hot weather使某人適應(yīng)熱天氣
[考題21] Such animals as dinosaurs died out because they couldn’t ______to the sudden change of the climate
A. suit B. keep C.adapt D.swithch
[解析]表示”適應(yīng)環(huán)境.氣候”用固定詞組”adapt to ”suit”表示”衣服.顏色,發(fā)型等適合某人”,”keep “表示”保持”;switch 表示轉(zhuǎn)換,故選adapt to [答案]C
22．類似于seldom的否定詞
Barking dogs seldom bite．吠犬不咬人。
She seldom showed her feelings．她很少表露感情。
He seldom got a chonce to lead，did he?他很少有機(jī)會(huì)讀書，是嗎?
類似于seldom的否定詞還有hardly，never．
little，few，rarely(罕見地)，scarcely(稀少地)等。
◇[考題22]1 watehed the film The Lord of the King(《指環(huán)王》)last night．Seldom______such a good film．
A．I did see B．have I seen
C．have seen I D．I saw
[解析] 本題考查了倒裝與時(shí)態(tài)。seldom等否定副詞位于句首時(shí)，主謂部分要實(shí)行倒裝，且seldom多用于完成時(shí)的句子中。[答案]B
23．“l(fā)ook+adv．+prep．”詞組小結(jié)
1ook forward to盼望
look down on／upon蔑視
look back on回顧，回憶
1ook out for提防；尋找
look in on順便看望
Schoolboys always 1ook up to great athletes．
學(xué)校的男孩子們往往十分崇拜體育明星。
◇[考題23]I'm 1ooking forward with keen anticipation______with you and your colleagues．
Aon work B．to work C．on working D．to working
[解析]with keen anticipation表示“帶有極大的熱情”，作狀語用，可以從句中剔除，從而可知句中隱含的詞組look forward to，其中的to為介詞，不可用其他詞代替，后面也要用口．-ing形式，所以A、B、C三項(xiàng)被排除。[答案] D
24．hurt、wound injure 、harm表示“傷害”的區(qū)別hurt傷害，可指肉體上的輕傷，也可指感情上的挫傷wound刺傷，常指在打斗中，由外來暴力造成 的刀傷、槍傷，程度較重。injure傷害，受傷，多指意外事故對(duì)肉體、健康造成的傷害hurt傷害，多指對(duì)人的肉體或精神帶來的傷害，不安或不便。
Telling a lie can harm／injure a person．
撒謊會(huì)傷害人。
◇[考題24】 Mrs．Green’s car ran into a large tree and she_______in the accident．
A．got badly hurt
Bwas lnjured badly
C．got badly wounded
D．was wounded badly
[解析] C、D兩項(xiàng)應(yīng)該被排除，因?yàn)閣ound多指在戰(zhàn)斗、打斗中受的槍、刀傷，而此題指的是在意外事故(如交通事故)，而且從badly可知受傷很嚴(yán)重(hurt不嚴(yán)重所以A項(xiàng)被排除)。副詞的位置在解答本題中不起決定性作用。[答案] B
25elect，select與chooSe表“選擇’’的區(qū)別
三者均可表示“選擇”，但choose是常用詞，指憑個(gè)人的判斷或意愿在所提供的人或物中挑選：
choose friends carefully．擇友要謹(jǐn)慎。
We choose him(as)our menitor．我們選他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。
They elected a new mayor．他們選舉了一位新市長(zhǎng)。
Please select a few nice apples for mother．
請(qǐng)給媽媽挑幾個(gè)好蘋果。
[考題25](1)He is brave，hald-working and kind，so he was selected _______monitor of our class.
A. as a B. to be the C .a D. 不填
[解析] 本題沒有直接考查select的同義詞的區(qū)別，只考查了Select 的用法及后面的冠詞問題。select后面可接as或to be , 但因?yàn)楸划?dāng)選的是這個(gè)群體(班)的惟一職務(wù)，所以名詞前不用任何毫詞.[答案]D
(2)一Have you________what you want to eat?
[解析】．本題實(shí)際上考查用法。前三個(gè)詞中，只有choose后面可以接what從句。 [答案]A
26affair。event，accidentmcident-matter及business表示“事件”的區(qū)別affair作“事件”講，復(fù)數(shù)作“事務(wù)”講，是正式用詞。指要做的事或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，強(qiáng)調(diào)行為與動(dòng)作及其過程；accident指意外或偶然多指不幸的事故，多有不良后果．business指事務(wù)，也指事情，常與affair替用，強(qiáng)調(diào)責(zé)任；event多指重大歷史事件，也可指日常生活中較重要的事情和運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽的項(xiàng)目incident指與某人或某重要事件有關(guān)的。獨(dú)立的事件，尤指軍事、政治上或有爭(zhēng)議的情況；matter指需要考慮或處理的情況。
◇[考題26] 0n New Year’s Eve，New York city holds an outdoor
______which attracts a crowd of a million or more people．
A. incident B. event C. selected D. choose
[解析] 從左欄看,簡(jiǎn)言之,incident 是小事;事件”;event 指大事affair指“日常瑣事”，case指“案例”。舉行戶外活動(dòng)慶祝新年應(yīng)該是個(gè)重大事件，因此用event表示。又如：
Mind your own business .官自己的事.
He was injured in a road accident .他在一次交通事故中受傷了
The Lugouqiao incident 盧溝橋事件
27．含difficult的詞組小結(jié)
have difficuly(in)doing sth．有困難做某事
with difficulty費(fèi)勁地，吃力地
without difficulty不費(fèi)勁地；輕易地
out ofa／the difficulty脫離困境
get／run into difficulties陷入困境
I don't have much difficulty with English grammar
我在學(xué)習(xí)英語語法時(shí)沒有太多的困難。
There was little difficulty(in)finding him．
找到他沒費(fèi)什么勁兒。
◇[考題27] I wonder what difficulty he had_____the plan．
A. to carry out B.carrying out C.carryied out D.with carrying out
[解析] 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)在解本題乃至本類題目時(shí)作用極大。What作為difficulty的定語，一起作had的賓語，從而構(gòu)成…h(huán)e had what difficulty _____the plan 句式．，由此可知它符合句型have some(great,no，little，etc)difficulty(in)doing sth．。[答案]B
28．含once的詞組小結(jié)
for once(至少)這一次(平時(shí)不這樣)
at once立即；馬上
once in a while／way偶爾；隔些時(shí)候
once more／again再一次；重新
once or twice幾次；一兩次
once in a blue moon極少；從不
For once he was telling the truth．
至少這一次他在說真話。
He’s behaving himself for(this)once．這一次他當(dāng)回了個(gè)自己(有自己的主見、作法等)。。…’
◇[考題28] 一What a mess!T0m，who did this to make the moon so dirty ?
---_______,at least ,it’s not my fault.
A. At B .Once in a while C. For once D. Once again
[解析]本題考查含once的詞組的辨別。各項(xiàng)含義及區(qū)別見左欄本題中“因?yàn)槲覄偡艑W(xué)回來，因此至少這一次不是我的錯(cuò)(暗示以前是個(gè)搗蛋鬼)”。 [答案]C
29．含effort的詞組小結(jié)
make(an) effort(s)to do sth．)努力做某事
spare no effort不遺余力
with(an)effort費(fèi)力地，使勁地
without effort毫不費(fèi)力地
But all tllese efforts ended in failure．
但是所有的努力都化作泡影。
They concentrated their efforts on building the dam．
他們聚中精力建這座大壩。
I’ll spare no effort to help you．
我將不遺余力地幫助你。
◇[考題29]The rescue team made every_____to find tlle missing
mountain climber．(2000年上海春季高考題)
A．force B．energy
C．effort D．possibility．
[解析] force表示“力量；權(quán)力”，energy表示“能量”；possibility表示“可能性”，均與語境體現(xiàn)出來的“竭盡全力去找失蹤的登山者含義不符。這三個(gè)詞均不可與make搭配。make every effort to do sth．為習(xí)語，表示“盡一切努力做某事”。[答案] C，極力
30．含attention的詞組小結(jié)
pay attention to注意
catch／calL／attract one's attentm。
吸引某人的注意
turn one's attention to把某人的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向
concentrate one's attention on ／upon
把注意力集中在
draw attention to對(duì)……表示注意
[考題30]Great attention must be paid_________education， especially in tlle countryside．
A．develop B．to develop
C．to developing D．developing
[解析] 從句中的pay可知考查詞組pay attention to的用法。to
是介詞，后面的動(dòng)詞要使用-ing形式。又如：Pay attention to your spelling(注意你的拼寫)。[答案]c
31．含view的詞組小結(jié)
come into view進(jìn)入視野
in one's view據(jù)某人看來
in view可以看到(反義詞：out of view)
point of view(view point)觀點(diǎn)
The lake came into view／We came in view of the lake as we turned the corner．
我們轉(zhuǎn)個(gè)彎就看到了那個(gè)湖。
In view of the weather．we will cancel the outing．
因天氣關(guān)系，我們要取消此次郊游。
◇[考題31] The____of blood always makes him feel sick．
A．sight B．1ook
C．view D．scene (北京市宣武區(qū)模擬題)
[解析] 本題測(cè)試同義詞的辨析：sight指以人文景觀或歷史遺跡為主的可供游覽的地方，另外指眼之所見的場(chǎng)景，強(qiáng)調(diào)有人、物的活動(dòng)在內(nèi)(符合本題“場(chǎng)景”)；view多指在遠(yuǎn)處或高處展現(xiàn)在眼前的自然界 的山水風(fēng)景；scene指具體的、某種周圍一時(shí)的景色，以天然的景色為主；look指外表、人的神色，顯然不合本題意。[答案]A
32．even if的用法及讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞
even if表示“即使”的意思。
Even if it rains cats and dogs，we will go to schoo1．
即使下著傾盆大雨，我也要上學(xué)。 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有although，though，even if，even though，as，despite，in spite of，no matter+特殊疑問詞，及wherever，whatever等。
You wiIl succeed in the end even if you failed last time．
即使你上次失敗了，最終你還是會(huì)成功的。
He didn't stop working though| he was i11．
他雖然病了，但未停止工作。
Child as he is．he knows a 1ot．
他雖然是個(gè)孩子，但懂得很多。
Whatever(=No matter what)you say，1 won't believe you．
無論你說什么，我決不相信你的話。
Despite I like the co1our．I don't like the shape．
盡管我喜歡那顏色，但不喜歡那形狀。
◇[考題32](1)--She is young，she knows quite a 1ot things．
A．When B．However C．Although D．Unless
[解析]when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句、時(shí)態(tài)和邏輯有誤；however可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，但須與形容詞或副詞連用，意為“多么……”；unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意思不通，這句話意思應(yīng)為“盡管她很年輕，知道的事卻不少。”【答案】 C
(2)______，he doesn't study well．
A．As he is clever B．Clever as he is
C．He is as clever D．As clever he is
[解析]as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表語置as之前，構(gòu)成倒裝語序，這是as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的主要特點(diǎn)。這句話意為“盡管他很聰明，卻不好好學(xué)習(xí)。”[答案] B
(3)Nobody believed him--what he said．
A．even if B．in spite
C．n0 matter D．contrary to
【解析] even if表示即使的意思；in spite后只有加0f才能構(gòu)成短語“不管，盡管”的意思；contrary是“相反”的意思，均和句意不符。句意為“無論他說什么，沒人能相信他。”[答案] C
33．過去分詞作定語、表語的用法
(1)作定語：?jiǎn)蝹�(gè)的過去分詞作定語，絕大部分情況下放在所修飾的名詞前面，過去分詞短語作定語則一定要放在所修飾的名詞后面。
fallen leaves落葉
people trapped in the lift 困在電梯里的人
(2)如果被修飾的詞是由not any／no+thing／body／one所形成的不定代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，雖然一個(gè)單一的分詞作形容詞用，也要放在被修飾詞之后。
1s there anything unsolved?
還有什么問題沒有解決嗎?
(3)過去分詞作定語時(shí)與定語從句的關(guān)系：及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞可改為動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)形式的定語從句。
lost time=time which is lost
(4)過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)的主要區(qū)別是：被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作，過去分詞作表語表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)。請(qǐng)比較下列句子：
Tne dass iS broken．玻璃杯壞了。(狀態(tài))
It was broken by my sister．它是我妹妹打破的。(動(dòng)作)
◇[考題33](1)tHe Olympic Games，_______ in 776BC, did not include women players until 1912．(全國(guó)高考題)
A．first playing B．tO be first played
C．first played D ．t0 be first playing
[解析】 空白處相當(dāng)于which was first played in 776Bc，即相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非限制性定語從句。不定式作后置定語，在時(shí)態(tài)上相當(dāng)于將來時(shí)， 不能表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；又因game與play之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以 play要用被動(dòng)形式。 [答案] c
(2)Cleaning women in big cities usually get_____by the hour． (全國(guó)高考題)
A．pay B．paying C．paid D．to pay
[解析] cleaning women與pay之間存在著動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此本題應(yīng)排除表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系的A、B、D三項(xiàng)，從而一下子可以確定答案。get done是一種特殊的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。[答案] C
(3)From his look on his face，the price of meat must have risen．v
A．disappointed B．disappointing
C．satis6ed D．satisfying
[解析] 因?yàn)椤笆摹北砬槭怯伤约喊l(fā)出來的，所以此處要用過去分詞作定語。[答案]
語言點(diǎn)針對(duì)練習(xí)：
1. Though they had lost their___，they knew the sunset was______beautiful
A．sights；不填；sight B．sights；a；sight
C．sight；a；sight D．sight；不填；sight
2. For miles ad miles around me，there was nothing but a 1arge blanket of water，without a boat or ship
A．in sight B．on earth C．a(chǎn)t a distance D．in place
3. They do no______ to anyone and it is wrong to_____them.
A．hurt；harm B．wound；hurt C．harm；hurt D．harm；wound
4. The boy used to be good．We are____about why he has changed that much.
A．worried B．pleased C．disappointed D．puzzled
5. Much attention_______ pronunciation if you want to speak Enghsh well．
A．should pay to B．must be paid
C．should be paid to D．will be taken of
6. You can hardly imagine the difficulty she had--enough evidence to prove the case
A．collected B．to collect
C．collecting D．to have collected
7. In this battle，about onethousand soldiers were killed and one thousand more_______.
A．injured B．wounded C．hurt D．damaged
8. The little child______by his father left home yesterday．
A．having been punished B．to be punished
C．punished D．who has been punished
9. Swan Lake is a famous ballet in four acts，_____on a German fairy tale．
A．basing B．based
C．bases D．to base
10. An agreemem____tomorrow will do good to every one of us． ．
A．to be signed B．being signed
C．signed D。having been signed
11. There are a 1ot of spelling mistakes；____it’s quite a good essay．
A．a(chǎn)s though B．even though C．even if D．even so
12. The president said tlle report did not____his own views．
A．balance B．update C．ret]ect D．10cate
13. What____the experts lost is the interesting level of po11ution in our cities．
A．faces B．concerns C．bores D．relates
14. He fell from the tree and____so badly___that he was sent t0 a hospital immediately．
A．did；injure B．has；injured
C．was；injured D．is；injured
15. Joe seldom does her homework in the morning． ．
A．So does Mary B．Mary does too
C．Nor does Mary D．Mary doesn't too
16. The Foreign office deals with international________．
A．a(chǎn)ffair B．a(chǎn)ffairs C．things D_business
17. All the preparations for the task____，and weh ready to start．
A．completed B．complete
C．had been completed D．have been completed
18. After the war ended，Washington Was____the first President of the United States．
A．elected B．picked C．tried out D．selected
19. I used to cook with electricity，but I’ve____to gas．
A．changed B．exchanged C．switched D．transformed
20. The best way to deal with an impolite person is to____him．
A．ignore B．neglect C．omit D．overlook
二．完形填空
Many TV programs seem to be quite realistic(真實(shí)的).
()ne ] watches TV often feels that whatever happened in the film may as 2 happen to him. With only a little 3 , every marl in the street may 4 to be a thief, or a spy, or a murderer. Jane had been watching a spy 5 at a friend's home. In it a young girl had been 6 and murdered.
She felt a little 7 。 She took a train back to the center of the city. There were a lot of people 8 with her, so she felt much safer. A man sat 9 her, reading a newspaper. She thought nothing of it 10 she saw him staring at her. 11 the film and feeling uncomfortable, she got off the train and went to the bus stop. When he got on the same bus as she did, she found he was 12 her. When she got off the bus, she was getting more and more frightened 13 the street almost became empty.
She 14 as quickly as she could. She could hear footsteps behind her, but she didn't dare to look over her 15 It seemed to have been hours before she 16 the front door. She felt for her keys, but was unable to find them. The footsteps stopped behind her. She felt a 17 on her shoulder. Instead of feeling hands round her 18 , she heard a pleasant voice.
"I 19 if I frightened you. I thought I 20 you in the train, but I was not sure. "
1．A. he B. which C. who D. she
2．A. well B. soon C. though D. if
3．A. thinking B. imagination
C. consideration D. experience
4．A. seem B. appear C. turn D. come
5．A. film B. play C. TV D. show
6．A. watched B. followed C. searched D. hurt
7．A. frightened B. afraid C. excited D. surprised
8．A. talking B. sitting C. standing D. travelling
9．A. by B. opposite C. before D. behind
10．A. before B~ after C. as D. until
11．A. Seeing B. Thinking
C. Remembering D. Wondering
12．A. smiling B. staring C. glaring D. following
13．A. as B. when C. for D. and
14．A. ran B. rode C. drove D. walked
15．A. head B. arms C. shoulder D. back
16．A. closed B. opened C. entered D. reached
17．A. hand B. blow C. pressure D. hit
18．A. arms B. head C. neck D. shoulders
19．A. wondered B. regret C. sorry D. apologize
20．A. knew B. frightened
C. recognized D. noticed
三.改錯(cuò):
As the population of the world keeps on grow, 1.-
it gets more and more difficult feed everyone. The 2.--
United States is one of the lucky country because it 3.---
grows enough food for itself and still has enough to 4。-
export to another parts of the world. One reason fo r 5._____
this is why the United States is a large country with 6._____
different kind of climate. Most of the central part 7.______
of the eotlntry is especial fit for raising grain. Wheat8._____
and corn are most important crops in this district. The 9._____
USA exports millions of tons of grain in every year 10._____
答案：
1．C 當(dāng)“視力”講時(shí)，sight是個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng) “景象” 講時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)有人物的活動(dòng)在里面，有時(shí)還可譯成“奇觀”，是個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，但多用于a+adj．+sight句式。
2．A on earth表示“在世上；究竟”，at a distance表示“在遠(yuǎn) 處”，in place表示“在原來的位子上；適當(dāng)?shù)模线m的”，均不符合語境體現(xiàn)出來的“看得見；在視野之中”。
3．C do harm to為習(xí)慣用語，表示“對(duì)……有損害”。另一空暗含“傷害(自尊心，感情等)”。
4．D used to be good表示“曾經(jīng)是個(gè)好孩子”，下文的changed that(=so)much表示他改變了許多，這件事使我們十分“不解；迷惑”。
5．C attention與pay之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以pay應(yīng)用被動(dòng)式。pay attention to為固定詞組，其中to為介詞。
6．C 句中包含詞組have dimculty in doing st’11．句型。
7．B battle表示“戰(zhàn)斗；打斗”，因此在此中受傷要用wound，表示“受到刀槍傷”。
8．C所缺部分作定語，因?yàn)橥瓿墒讲蛔鞫ㄕZ，所以A項(xiàng)被排除；D項(xiàng)中時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)；B項(xiàng)表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而文中的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生(yeste-ay)
9．B空白處及后面的介詞短語作先行詞ballet(芭蕾舞)的定語，又因ballet與base之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以base要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
10．A tomorrow暗示“簽合同”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來，所以要用不定式表示。又因sign與agreement之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)式。
11．D分號(hào)在此題中起著最重要的作用，因?yàn)橛辛讼喈?dāng)于連詞作用的分號(hào)，所以A、B、C均被排除。even so表示“即使是這樣”，so代替前面的情況。
12．c句意表示“反映(他的觀點(diǎn))”。
13．B表示“某人面臨某事”時(shí)，face的主語往往為人；bore(厭煩)與locate(定位)均不合題意。
14．c 句意表示“他從樹上掉下來，并且傷得如此嚴(yán)重，以致于被立刻送到醫(yī)院里。”injure(口￡．)“傷害”，由and連接的從句主語和謂語之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，應(yīng)當(dāng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；從句 動(dòng)作和主句動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)保持一致。
15．c句意表示“瓊很少在早上做家庭作業(yè)，瑪麗也是。”seldon為表示否定意義的副詞。類似的還有scarcely，rarely，hardly，never等。
16．B 句意表示“對(duì)外辦公室處理國(guó)際事務(wù)。”affairs復(fù)數(shù)形式多指重要或復(fù)雜的事務(wù)，business用來指與經(jīng)濟(jì)、商業(yè)有關(guān)的事務(wù)，thjngs指一般事情。
17．D all the preparations與complete之間應(yīng)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。依據(jù)we're ready to start，故排除C。
18．A在政治活動(dòng)中當(dāng)選用elect。
19．C 句意表示“我過去習(xí)慣用電煮飯，但現(xiàn)在改用煤氣。”change改換，變化，指事物的變化過程，常用于change A into B／sth．changes from A to B／change to B；exehange“交換，調(diào)換”，指兩事物間相互轉(zhuǎn)換，如exchange A for B／exchange sth．with sth．；switcll‘‘改變、轉(zhuǎn)變”，指轉(zhuǎn)變位置、方向、思想、話題、方法、內(nèi)容等；transforrn“改變；變化”，指事物的形狀、外觀、性質(zhì)等變化。
20．A句意表示“對(duì)付無禮之人的最佳辦法就是置之不理。”ignore多指有意忽略，或故意不理睬；neglect指對(duì)自己職責(zé)、義務(wù)、家庭等沒有給予應(yīng)有的重視，如neglect one's duty玩忽職守；omit指由于疏忽沒注意而遺漏；everlook(監(jiān)督檢查時(shí))遺漏，忽略。
二．完形填空：
1．C 2。A 3。B 4。B 5。A 6。B 7。A 8。D 9。B 10。D 11。C 12。D 13。 A 14。D 15。C 16。D 17。A 18。C 19。D 20。C
三.改錯(cuò)
1. grow-growing 2.feed前加to 3.country-countries 4.正確
5.another-other 6.why---that 7. kind-kinds 8. especial-especially 9. most前加the 10.去掉in
教材課后習(xí)題解答
Textbook Listening
Part 1①④⑥
Part 2①②③⑤⑦⑧⑨
Both①
Neither⑩
Word study
1． (1)Was elected (2)were injured
(3)Was fired (4)to switch
(5)reflected (6)is…telated
(7)tolerate (8)present
2．Positive,reliable，experienced，informed，talented，balanced；neutral：social，printed，current，critical；negative：careless，addicted，nosy
Grammar
1．Attributive：experienced talented organised
stolen addicted printed
Predicative：needed respected tolerated
2．talented journalists=journalists who are talented
an organized way=a way which is organized
stolen cultural 1elics=cultural relics which were stolen
people addicted to drugs=people who are addicted to drugs
printed articles=articles which are printed
3．(1)The telegram sent by my sister…
(2)Let’s try the bookstore opened last months．
(3)…h(huán)ousewives interviewed about…said…
(4)Three guns，stolen from the police station，were found
(5)…go to supermarkets crowded with shoppers．
4．(1)Three injured students were saved at 1ast．
(2)U8ed texthooks are often sold in China．
(3)His broken leg was wrapped carefully．
(4)A published novel is written by the 12-year-old girl．
(5)A newIy_built research center is for overseas students．
5．surprised，amazing，interested，boring，surprised，satisfied，noticed，interesting，disappointed．
單元知識(shí)梳理與能力整合
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯
retire present ignore dimeuhy seldom media editor complete reflect tolerate elect AIDS citizen informed guard effort publishing injUre addict relidble relate attitude unique concern headline social fire switch disappoint spiritual affair polluter suffer face update arm
二、詞匯拓展
1． difficulty-difficult(口辦)困難的
2． informed___information(n.)消息；信息
3．relate---relation(n.)關(guān)系；聯(lián)系
4．present---presently(adv．)現(xiàn)在
5．reflect--reneetion(n．)映像；倒影
6．social---socialism(n.)社會(huì)主義-socialist社會(huì)主義者
society(n．)社會(huì)(形態(tài))
7．tolerate--~tolerant(嘶)容忍的；寬容的
8．cornplete--completely(adv．)完全地
9．a(chǎn)rm----arms(n．)武器---army(n．)軍隊(duì)
三、重點(diǎn)短語
go up draw attention to bum down on aⅡsides for once change one's mind be addicted to current affairs suffer from
look up to even if fall in love…
四、句型與功能
1．There is a rumour that-clause．
2．keep／make／find．etc．+賓語+賓辛h
3…．it was the first time that-clause．
4．make+形式賓語it+for sb．to do sth．
5．What do you think of．．?
6．1 would rather choose…
7．What's your opinion?
8．I don't think we should choose…
9．What do you choose…?
10．Maybe it would be better to choose…
11．Perhaps…is important．
12．Our readers want to know about…
五、語法：過去分詞作定語、語
1．過去分詞作定語的特征
(1)展示出的時(shí)態(tài)特征 。
及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞含有被動(dòng)或完成的含義。
What's tlle language spoken in Germany?德國(guó)講什么語言?
②不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞表示主動(dòng)的完成意義。
fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen落葉
a faded rose=a rose that has faded一朵凋謝了的玫瑰
the risen sun=the sun that has risen升起的太陽
(2)位置及擴(kuò)展成句的特征
①單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語放在所修飾詞的前面。
All the broken、windows have been repaired．
所有壞的窗戶都已經(jīng)修好了。
②過去分詞短語作定語放在所修飾詞的后面。
The bridge built 100 years ago is still in good condition．
這座修建于100年前的橋仍然很堅(jiān)固。
③過去分詞作定語常可擴(kuò)展為一個(gè)定語從句。 。
That report about the village is the best of its kind ever written(=that has ever been written)．
那篇關(guān)于農(nóng)村的報(bào)道是同類中迄今最好的一篇。
(3)構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞的特征：有時(shí)通過一個(gè)名詞或數(shù)詞加名詞的過去分詞可構(gòu)成生成形象的復(fù)合形容詞。
a three-legged desk一張三條腿的桌子
2．過去分詞作表語具有下列特征：
(1)表達(dá)動(dòng)作的完成性，這與被動(dòng)語態(tài)沒有關(guān)系，下列動(dòng)詞常用作表語：come，go，arrive，fall，rise，set，finish，return
Autumn is come．=Autumn has come．
(2)表示主語受外界的情況處于被動(dòng)的狀態(tài)。有時(shí)只表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
The playground lay／appoared／1OOked quite deserted(荒蕪的)。
She stood there surprised at tlle bad news．
He sounded frightened．聽他說話的聲音，可知他被嚇壞了。
[例1] (2002年春招)一How are the team playing?
-They're playing well，but one of them--hurt．
A．got B．gets c．a(chǎn)re D．were
[解析] 本題考查主謂一致及時(shí)態(tài)的用法。因主語oneofthem為單數(shù)，故 排除c、D兩項(xiàng)；理解句意，結(jié)合語境便知：“受傷”是發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)。選項(xiàng)A，got是連系動(dòng)詞，作“變得”解，表示狀態(tài)的改變，后跟形容詞或過去分詞作表語。題干中，空后hurt是過去分詞作got的表語。又如：You might get burnt and you might drop tlle pan of burning oil．[答案] A
[例2] (2001年全國(guó)高考)_____such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river．
A．Having suffered B．suffering C．To suffer D．Suffered
[解析] 本題檢測(cè)學(xué)生在特定語境中對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式和幾種分詞結(jié)構(gòu)的判別與使用。通過分析題干句意可知，后面句子的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在前面斌詞suffer行為之后，因此，所設(shè)空中應(yīng)該選用表示“已經(jīng)完成’：狀態(tài)的ing分詞的完成式Having suffered(選項(xiàng)A)。B項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞的一般形式，用來表示與句中動(dòng)詞同時(shí)進(jìn)行或存在的情況；C項(xiàng)為不定式形式，表示一種趨勢(shì)；以上兩種情況均不合題意，故B、c兩項(xiàng)均應(yīng)舍去。題干中already也可起重要的提示與限制作用。D項(xiàng)表示被動(dòng)含義，與句意不符，應(yīng)排除，但統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表明，錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)中恰好該項(xiàng)干擾最大。[答案]A
[例3] The job is____．None of us likes to do it．
A．tired B．tiring C．tire D．to be tired
[解析】 本題考查分詞的用法。首先要掌握現(xiàn)在分詞(doing)作表語的用法。及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞doing與自己的邏輯主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。句意為“這項(xiàng)工作很累人，我們當(dāng)中沒有人喜歡做它。”[答案]B
[例4]I’m_____at your Success．
A．pleasing B．pleasant C．pleased D．please
[解析] 本題考查分詞pleasing和pleased的區(qū)別。please是及物動(dòng)詞。句意為“我對(duì)你的成功感到非常高興。”[答案]C
[例5]Helen isn't a____girl and she doesn't enjoy being with other people．
A．reasonable B．disable C．seeial D．reliable [解析] 從下文的“她不喜歡與其他的人在一起”，說明海倫是個(gè)比較白 閉的，不喜歡交際的(not seeial)的人，故排除“合理的”、“殘疾的”及“可靠的”。[答案] C
[例6]The_____1ook on her face suggested that Michelle--the birthday gift from her boyfriend．
A．exciting；like B．excited；like
C．exciting；liked D．excited；1iked
[解析] 本題涉及到非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語問題以及suggest的用法問題。當(dāng)表示“一張興奮的臉孔”而不是“一張看了就興奮的臉孔”時(shí)，用aIl excited face。當(dāng)suggest作“建議”講，其后的賓語從句應(yīng)用(8hould)d0形式。[答案] D
[例7] (2004年北京春招)He looked around and caught a man_______his hand into the pocket of a passenger．
A．put B．to be putting C．to put D．putting
[解析] 此題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。catch sb．doing sth．撞上某人做某事。如：，The farmer caught the boys stealing hi8 apples．農(nóng)夫發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們?cè)谕邓奶O果。[答案] D
Unit 2 知識(shí)與能力同步測(cè)控題一
(滿分120分；時(shí)間100分鐘)
一、單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
1．Talking to a friend over the phone，you feel that you are close to each other_____the actual distante is not short．
A．so 1ong as B．so that C．a(chǎn)s if D．even if
2．Seeing the happy___of children playing in the park，I’m full ofjoy and confidence in the future of our country．
A．sight B．scene c．view D．sight
3．I felt somewhere____and was about to leave when something occured which_____my attention．
A．disappointed；attracted B．disappointing；attacked
C．disappointment；paid D．interested；drew
4．In preparing scientific report of laboratory experiments， you should____you finds in 1ogical order and clear language．
A．write B．raise C．present D．put
5．A sheep_____on this kind of special grass usually grows much
faster than______on ordinary．
A．fed；one B．feeds；the one
C．fed；that D．feeding；it
6．一What did you think of the concert given by the famous Hong Kong singer?
一Not so good．In fact,l______to be a great disappointment．
A．turned up B．turned in
C．turned down D．turned out
7．The librarian promised to get the book for me_____she could remember who last borrowed it．
A．ever since B．in case
C．if only D．even if
8．--How does it happen that your business goes wrong?
一But I’ve done everything that is_____by law．
A．required B．judged
C．requested D．desired
9．There appeared a_______1ook on her face on hearing the unexpected news．
A．worrying B．worried
C．worry D．worries
10．In a way I can see what you mean，even though I don't_____ your point of view．
A．permit B．share
C．recognize D．a(chǎn)gree
11．If you had______your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made few mistakes．
A．1ooked up B．thought about
C．gone over D．gone round
12．Although I like the appearanee of the house，what really made me decide to buy it was the beantiful_____through thewindows．
A．Vision B．1ook C．picture D．view
13．--What do you think of Julia?
-She could be a very attractive girl，but she______no attention to her address． ’
A．paid B．was paying
C．pays D．had paid ．
14．一You had no difficulty working out the maths problem．
-----.
A．No doubt B．Not at all ‘
C．None at all D．No problem
15．Henry can't attend the party_____at Tom's house at present because he is preparing the speech at the party____at Marie's house tomorrow．
A．held；being held B．to be held；to be held
C．to be held；held D．being held．to be held
二、完形填空(共20小題；每小題1．5分。滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-35各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Rupert Murdoch．the Australian-born American media ownerwas voted bost of British by the Sunday Express in London last week．
He is the most famous 16 owner in the world and 17 newspapers and TV channels across the world． 18 now he has been called the greatest 19 in Britain by one of his biggestrivals(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)．
The paper，which competes for 20 with Murdoch’s own papers．called him“the man who made modern Britain”and it 21 Murdoch for his willingness to take risks． 22 said he had brought a“revolution”(革命)to television and newspaperproduction．
Rupert Murdoch was born in Melboume． 23 ，in 1931．Today he is better 24 as the owner of News Corporation Ltd．a(chǎn) media group that owns many different 25 of meditelevision,films ,books，and the Internet．
26 becoming the success he is today，Murdoch studied Oxford University in Britain．He returned to Australia in 1952，when he 27 The Adelaide News from his father .His life since then can be seen as a series of international jumps in which he’s 28 more and more news-papers and TV stations．
Inthe 1960s,it was The Mirror in Sydney and The Sun in London；in the 1970s，he bought the New York Post；in the 1980s， he took on Hollywood when he bought 20 Century Fox and Fox TV．At this time he also bought the Times and the Sunday Times in London．And most 29 in the 1990s，he bought star Television in Asia．
His company has also formed a joint-Venture(合資的)television company with the Chinese Governmem．Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings Lld．(鳳凰211視控股有限公司)．It 30 Six channels--Xingkongweishi，channel[V]，star Movies National Geographic．star Sports and ESPN-to millons of Chinese 31 ．
0ne 32 how Murdoch could have found the time for love and relationships since he owns such a big business．In 1967，he married Alisa Tmy，whom he met 33 she wits a reporter on the Sydney Daily Mirror．The couple got 34 in 1998．The next year，he married Chinese---born Wendy Deng．Deng，Murdoch’s third wife，is 37 years younger than Muntoch and used to work 35 Star TV in Hong Kong．The 71-year-old Murdoch is now father of five children after Deng gave birdh to a baby daughter last year．
16．A．media B．TV C．radio D．newspaper
17．A．edits B．buvs C．controls D．updates
18．A．However B．Until C．And D．Since
19．A．editors B．businessmen
C．reporters D.telegraphers
20．A．readers B．media C．headlilies D．journalists
21．A．eIected B．debated C．praised D．matched
22．A．He B．It C．Evergone D．who
23．A．England B．America C．Australia D．China
24．A．known B．received C．reflected D．informed
25．A．ways B．a(chǎn)reas C．forms D．fields
26．A．Until B．After C．Since D．Before
27．A．took out B．took up C．took over D．took in
28．A．created B．sold C．published D．bought
29．A．recently B．immediately C．newly D．early
30．A．faced B．telated C．demonstrated D．introduced
31．A．readers B．1isteners C．、riewers D．media
32．A．bores B．concerns C．knows D．wonders
33．A．while B．because C．till D．once
34．A．married B．separated
C．disappointed D．tolerated
35．A．on B．a(chǎn)mong C．for D．within
三、閱讀理解(共20小題；每小題2分。滿分40分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、c、D)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
A good modem newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading．It is remarkable first for what is contains：the range of news from local crime to international politics ,from sports to business to fashion to science ,and the range of comment and special features as well ,from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books ,arts ,theatre and music.A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely,never straight through ,but always by jumping from here to there ,in and out glancing at one piece ,reading another article all the way throngh，reading just a few paragraphs of the next．A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many direm readers，but far more than any one reader is interested in．What brings this variety together in one place in its topicality(時(shí)事性)，its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your 1ocality now．But immediacy and the speed of production that goes、vith it means also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient(短暫的)value．For all these reasons，no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day's paper，his own selection and sequence，his own newspape．For all these reasons，reading newspaper efficiently，which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time，demans skill,and self-awareness as you modify and apply me techniques of readjng． ．
36．A modem newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its_________．
A．wide coverage B．uniform style
C．speed in reporting news D．popularity
37．According to the passage，the reason why two people really read the“same”newspaper in that______．
A．people scan for the news they are interested in
B．different people prefer different newspapers
C．people are rarely interested in the same kind of news
D．people have different views about what a good newspaper is
38．It can be concluded from the passage that newspaper readers
A．a(chǎn)pply reading techniques skillfully
B．jump from one newspaper to another
C．a(chǎn)ppreciate the variety of a newspaper
D．usually read a newspaper selectively
39．A good newspaper offers'a variety”to readers because____．
A．it tries to serve different readers
B．it has to cover things that happen in a certain locaIity
C．readers are difficuIt to please
D．readers like to read differet newspapers
40．The best title for this passage would be“______”．
A．The importance of newspaper Topicality
B．The Chacteristics of a Good Newspaper
C．The Variety of a Good New$paper
D．Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper
B
The fonowlng is about the BBC and some other broadecasting
Stations in Britain．
┏━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┓
┃station Broadcasting time Type of programmes
┣━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┫
┃ BBC RADIO 1 24 hours a day Pop and light music ;
sports
BBC RADIO 2 24hours a day Pop and liaght music;sports
BBC RADIO 3 7a.m to about midnight serious music cultural programmes ;science talk
BBC RADIO 4 6 A.M to about midnight The main news about mid night service .
The BBC has local radio stations, such as Radio Wales which broadcasts some programmes in the Welsh language.
The BBC has local radio stations which bring local news
And storied of local interest , such as Radio Lodon
Commercial radio has stations but it has many local ones;
London has two –the London Broadcasting Company (LBC)
And Capital Radio.
There is advertising on commercial radio but not on the BBC.
41．On which radio call you hear a commercial?
A．Radio 3． B．Radio 4．
C．Capital Radio． D。Radio London．
42．You need to listen to______for a programme on outer space .
A．Radio 2 B．Radio 3
C．Radio Wales D．LBC
C
This is not the world we know．The World is contrlled by computers．Men and women can be seen，but they are following the 0rders given to them by machines．The machines were designed by mad scientists． but at some point even the mad scientists were taken by their superinventions．
Does this scenario sound familiar? You have probably read something like it in magazines or science fiction books，or seen it in a science fiction film．Why is the tlleme so popular? 0ne of the reasons is undoubtedly that it reflects the fears of many people；fear of the unknown，fear of what is not under