Period 1 Words and expressions

Aims：

Ensure the students to pronounce them correctly.

Learn the words and their usages by heart.

一. 根據要求寫出單詞：

humour(adj)________ surround(n)__________ assume(n)____________

maximum(ant)_________ upward(ant.)________change(adj)_____________

adequate(syn.)_________adapt(n)____________

二.根據漢語寫出單詞：

幽默的__________半園__________明顯的___________足夠的____________

去拿____________戲弄__________心理學___________使反感的__________

適應____________精確的________澄清_____________拿來______________

二.Usages：

1.-ology學問，學科

生物學_________心理學_________技術__________

2.take/get/catch/seize hold of 抓住

lose hold of松開

3.surrounding n. 環境，周圍(通常用復數形式)

Animals in zoos are not in natural _________. 動物園中的動物沒有自然的生長環境。

surrounding adj. 周圍的，附近的

The dance seemed to excite the _____________ bees. 這種舞蹈似乎使周圍的蜜蜂興奮起來。

surround v.環繞,圍繞

He used to live in a lonely village ___________ with mountains.他過去住在一個四面環山的偏僻的小村莊里。

4.oppose v.反對

adj. opposed （to）與…對照

opposable adj.可相對的，與其他手指相對的

opposite adj／adv. 對面的, 對立的, 相反的

prep.在…對面的

n.相反的東西

用以上的詞填空：

The woman sitting ______ is a detective.

Light is the ________ of heavy.

In London you must drive on the _______ side of the road to China.

I am here on business as_______ to a holiday.

He ________ the proposal to build a new factory.

Other animals except the primates don’t have _______ toes so they can hardly grasp things with their feet.

5.come to light顯露，為人所知 come to oneself蘇醒過來

come to one’s help/aid/assistance/one’srescue趕來幫助某人/救助某人

come to+number合計，總計

come to an agreement/a conclusion/an understanding

達成一致/得出結論／達成諒解 come to sb被…繼承

it comes to sb that…(it occurs to sb that)想起

come to realize/know/understand…開始意識到／了解／理解…

when it comes to sth涉及，有關

____________________that he had been wrong all along.(他突然想起他一開始時就錯了)

___________________upon his father’s death.(他父親死后他繼承了那棟房子)

After a careful investingation,_____________________(他們最終得出結論)

___________________________.(他債務總計五千元)

New evidence __________________.(新的證據終于顯露出來)

When we are in trouble,he will always ___________________.(及時幫助我們)

__________________________the significance of the matter.(我開始意識到這件事的意義)

6.dot

n.小數點，小圓點

v.be dotted with點綴著，分散 The sky is dotted with stars.

Homework：

寫出單詞和詞組

1.抓住____________ 2.分辨___________3.事實上____________4.再三______________

5.為人所知__________ 6.半圓__________ 7.環境______________8.斜向一邊的________

9.心理學 __________10.適應__________11.澄清_____________12.大群_____________

根據要求出單詞：

1. He told us such a h__________ story that we all burst into laughter.

2. Animals in the zoo are not in their s____________.(環境)

3. There were t_______ of friends to see him off.

4. The professor is a specialist of studying a criminal's p________(心理).

5. The weather is so __________(易變) that he has caught a cold.

6. The woman sitting o______(對面的) is a detective.

7. The teacher told him to f_______ some chalk for her.

8. The victim was able to give a p________ description of the suspect.

9. The s________ cheered when he won the first prize.

10. The supply is not a________to the demand.

Unit 14 Zoology

Goals:

Learn about the communication of bees.

Learn the ways scientists use to do research.

Teaching procesure:

Step One:Discussing in pairs.

1. How do people communicate with each other?

2. How do animals communicate?

Step Two:Reading and judging

Read the text quickly and decide whether the following statements are true or false?

1. Scientists have interest in honey bees because of the “language” they use to communicate with each other.

2. Professor Karl Von Frisch built special hives and a transparent wall to observe bees.

3. After seeing one’s dance,the surrounding bees leave the hive and go to feeding the place directly.

4. The bees from close feeding perform a wagging dance.

5. With a stop-watch, zoologists counted the time bees used to fly from the feeding place to the hive.

6. The expression “ to make a beeline for someone or something” means to go quickly along a straight course for somebody or something.”

7. Professor von Frisch did so much work on the communication of animals that he was awarded a Nobel Prize in 1973.

Step Three: Listening and filling

Listen to the tape and read the text,then fill the form below.

Problems Experiments Results Conclusion

How to com-

Municate the news to others?

Did the dance convey more information?

How did bees tell the exact distance to the feeding place?

Coold bees tell each other the exact positions of a-

feeding place

Step Four:Reading and understanding

Read the text again and underline the useful expressions and sentences.

Useful expressions:

各種各樣的蜜蜂

群居

彼此交流

令人驚異的方法

對…感到迷惑

把這個消息傳給…

區分那些蜜蜂

再三

靠近峰巢

使他驚訝的是

表演舞蹈

使周圍的蜜蜂興奮起來

模仿他的動作

傳達信息

看到奇妙的景象

仔細觀察

被人所知

剩下的問題

獲取更多的數據

對蜜蜂行為的充分描述

被授予諾貝爾獎

把…標上紅色

走直路，走近路

成群結隊的跟在后面

一個接一個

Sentences:

最使科學家感興趣的是蜜蜂。（強調句）

很顯然，這種舞蹈告訴蜜蜂食物所在的位置。（主語從句）

喂食處越遠，舞蹈的速度越慢。

Homework：

Learn the language points by heart.

Period 3 Careful reading

Teaching aims: Grasp the language points and some useful sentences of the text.

Teaching procedures

Step 1. Revision

Try to describe the experiments Von Frisch used to find out if the bees communicate the position of the food.

Step 2. Language points

1.spend…(in/on) doing sth.

花費時間（金錢）做某事

（1） cost 表示“花費（多少錢）” “需要（多少錢）”，主語一般是表示所買東西的名詞，不能是表示人的名詞

sth. costs money/ cost one’s life

at the cost of 以…為代價

（2）spend money on 和 pay money for 都可用來表示花錢買東西

（3）take和spend在表示“花費（時間）”時所用的句型不同

take常用于:

It takes (sb.)+time+to do sth.

It是形式主語，不定式是真正的主語。

spend 常用于: spend time (in) doing sth./spend time on sth.

主語是人，注意介詞in后面是v.-ing的形式，in可省去，on后面通常是名詞

2. something后面的句子“he had noticed again and again”為定語從句，省去了“that”.

3. in a short time 立刻，很快 ahead of time 提前

at any time 隨時 at one time 從前

at times 偶爾，有時 many a time 多次，屢次

in no time 立刻，馬上 at a time 一次

time after time=time and time again屢次

4. to one’s surprise=to the surprise of… 令…驚奇的是

to one’s delight (joy) 使…高興的是

to one’s sorrow 使…悲傷的是

5. over and over again 一次又一次

over and over again time and time again

many a time time after time

6. far away用作表語或狀語

far-away用作定語

far away from只表示距離

far from除了表示距離的“遠離”之外，還有“遠遠不，完全不，決非”之意，后接名詞、動名詞或形容詞。Far from perfect/satisfactory/the truth

They don’t live far (away).

They live at a far-away place.

The school is far (away) from my house.

I’m far from (being) happy in my present job.

7. the +比較級，

the +比較級…

(1)”(從句)the+adj./adv.的比較級…,(主句)the+adj./adv.的比較級…”這種句型表示前者和后者在程度上同樣增加或同樣減少，

要注意這一句型中的“the”并不是冠詞，前面的“the”是關系副詞，有“by how much”之意；后面的“the”是指示副詞，有“by so much”之意，前面是狀語從句，后面是主句，前后呼應，

表示“越…就越…””愈是…,則愈是…”

[注]此結構中的比較級可以是形容詞，也可以是副詞，主句如用一般將來時，前面的狀語從句通常用一般現在時代替一般將來時 。

The sooner you begin your work, the sooner you will finish it.

你越早開始工作，就越早完成它。

The more he thought of it,the happier he felt.

這件事他越想越高興。

(2)此外，該句型可省略的成分較多，不僅后面出現的與前面相同的成分可以省略，當主語、謂語等在一定的情景或場合中意思明了時，也可以省略不用, 這種情況在口語中尤其常見。

The more, the better.多多益善。

The sooner, the better.越早越好。

8. come to light vi.顯露，為人所知

His past came to light.

=His past was brought to light.

9.remain vi. 剩余，殘余

辨析remain 與 stay

當remain和stay作“保持，(人)留下“講時，可以互換。

當表示“剩下、還有”時,通常只有remain,不用stay

當表示“暫住”時，用stay,不用remain.

I stay in a hotel when I was in Beijing.

在北京時我住旅館。

Much work remains undone/to be done.還有大量的工作未做。

10. it is possible to do干…事是可能的

可能性

probable > likely > possible

11.make a bee-line for vt.走近路，前往，一直走向…

The hungry boy made a bee-line for his dinner.

那個饑餓的男孩直奔回家吃飯。

Period 4 Integrating skills

Teaching goals:

1.Review the useful expressions learnt in this unit by practice.

2.Talk about animals and animal behavior.

Teaching procedures:

Step 1. Revision

Check language points by giving a dictation.

Step 2. Fast reading

In what ways are the higher primates, for example chimpanzees, similar to human being? How are they different?

Step 3. Detailed reading

Use the information in the text to complete the chart below. Give examples and characteristics for each type of animal.

Primates Other animals

Higher primates Lower primates

Monkeys Apes

New world primates Old world primates

Step 4. Language points

1. are better than other animals 是比較級表最高級的用法

(1)比較級+than+ any other+單數名詞

He is taller than any other boy in his class. 他在班上是最高的。

(2)比較級+than+ all the other+復數名詞

He is taller than all the other boys in his class.

(=He is the tallest of all the other boys in his class.

(3)比較級+than + anyone (anybody) else

He is taller than anybody else in his class. 他是班上最高的。

2. have a sense of … 3.that指代“the brain”

辨析: it, that, one

(1)it代替的是前面提到的同一名稱的同一事物，即同名同物，所指代的名詞可以是可數名詞，也可以是不可數名詞。

(2)one代替的是前面提到的同名異物的任何一個，所代名詞只能是可數名詞，其前可代冠詞，還可被this, that或形容詞修飾，其后也可有定語。

(3)that代替前面提到的同名異物中特指的事物，所代替的名詞可以是可數名詞也可以是不可數名詞，但其前不能有修飾語。

(4)如果前面提到的名詞是復數形式，為避免重復，則可視具體情況分別為they, them, ones或those代替。

(5)it和that可代替前面整個句子的意思，而one卻不能

(6)that可引導一個限制性定語從句,代替某個先行詞(單復數名詞均可),it和one則不能

(7)it可以代替不定式、動名詞從句，用作形式主語或形式賓語，而one和that則不能。