New words:
1.deadly –adj.
1)極其危險的，致命的 dangerous, likely to cause death
Cancer is a deadly disease.
2)極度的，非常的
A deadly silence filled the auditorium.
3)死氣沉沉，very dull
a deadly conversation
adv.
1）very 極度，非常，十分
deadly serious 十分認真
deadly dull 非常枯燥
2)like dead 死一般的
deadly pale
dead/ die/ death/deadly
die of hunger/cold/ starvation/ a disease /
die from a wound /polluted air/
die in an accident/ a battle
die by drowning
be dying for have a real wish for/ to do
be dying to do 恨不得馬上，非常想
I’m dying for a cigarette .
The shock was ___ to him. (dead/ died/ deadly/death)
She has for three years. (died/ been dead/ been deadly)
2.quiz quizzed quizzing quizzes
n. a competition or game where questions are put 問答比賽或游戲,小型考試
competition/ race / match
He took part in a television ___ and won several prices. A. match B. race C. quiz D. championship
2） vt. (about) ask questions about sb.對（某人）提問，盤問
quiz sb. about sth
He quizzed me about where I’d been last night.
３false -- adj. 錯誤的，假的，偽造的
Spies may a number of __ names and papers. A. imitation B. artificial C. false D. man-made.
right or wrong
true or false
4.infect vt.
1)影響（指壞影響 ），感染（指好的）affect
One bad boy may infect a whole class.
Violence is infecting our society.
Her spirit infected/ affected him.
2)傳染，感染
The disease infected her eyes, and she became blind.
Infection n. She is suffering from a l lung infection.
5.inject vt. with/into 注射，注入
They are injecting him with a new drug.
We hope to inject new life/ interest into our work.
Injection n.
The nurse gave him an injection for / against fever.
6.via prep. by way of 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過
We flew to Athens via Paris and Rome.
I sent a message to Mary via her sister.
7.persuade sb. to do sth./ into doing sth.
persuade sb. not to do sth./ out of doing sth.
try to persuade sb. to do = advise sb. to do
Try to persuade him to come with us.
They persuaded us into / out of going(= to go/ not to go) to the party.
The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ___ to eat more fruit and vegetables. A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded
比較：convince 說服，使信服
persuade
The newspaper article has convinced me ( made me believe) that smoking is a dangerous habit.
The doctor persuaded me to give up smoking.
8.contract v.
1)make a legal agreement with sb.與某人簽訂 （合同或契約）
contract with sb. for sth.
contract with a firm for the supply of fuel.
We have contracted to build a bridge across the river.
2)感染（疾病）
My son contracted a severe fever.
3)負載，染上惡習
contract debts
contract bad habits
n. 合同，契約
enter into/ make a contract (with sb.) (for sth./ to do sth.)
You shouldn’t enter into/ make a contract until you have studied carefully.
We have a contract with the government for the supply of vehicles/to supply vehicles.
9.specialist (a person) with special knowledge or training in a field of work or study
a heart specialist
He is a specialist in Rome coins.
expert : be expert at/ in / on
She is (an) expert on/ in/ at teaching small children.
10.fierce adj.
1)angry, violence and cruel殘忍的，兇猛的
a fierce dog
a fierce-looking man
2) very great or strong激烈的,強烈的
the fierce heat of the sun 太陽的熾熱
Because there is so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is very fierce.
由于失業(yè)人數(shù)眾多，尋找工作的競爭十分激烈。
fiercely
11.invisible ,visible
in sight / out of sight
12.recover v.
1)get back(something lost or taken away) 重新得到，取回 ，恢復(fù)：
The police recovered the stolen jewelry.
She recovered consciousness soon after the accident.
2)to return to the proper state of health, strength, ability, etc.
恢復(fù)（健康，體力，能力等）
Has the country recovered yet from the effects of the war? 哪個國家已從戰(zhàn)爭的影響下恢復(fù)了嗎？
Text:
1..1)infect sb./sth. with 感染 ，傳染
2) be/become infected with 被。。。感染
These animals have been infected with the bacteria.
這些動物都已傳染了這種病菌。
She infected the whole class with her laughter.
The spreading disease infected eyes, and she became blind.
2.live with sb. 與…在一起=live together
live with sth. = accept, tolerate sth. 忍受
You’ll have to learnt to live with it, I’m afraid.
3.What if…? 要是。。。怎么辦 ？
What if he comes?
What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter? 假如下起雨來 ，我們沒處躲雨怎么辦？
4.break down
1) cause sth to collapse, destroy 使。。。瓦解 ，毀壞(改變某物的化學成分)
Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.
糖和淀粉在胃里被分解。
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人體中的化學成分把食物分解成有用的物質(zhì)。
2)(因機械，電力等故障 )停止運轉(zhuǎn)，失靈 ，失效
The telephone system has broken down.電話失靈了。
Our car broke down on the high way.
3) (身體)跨了（of one’s health） become very bad
Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
4)感情失控 lose control of one’s feelings 感情失去控制
He broke down and wept when he heard the news.
She broke down and sobbed aloud.
5)fail中斷，失敗
The conversation broke down at this point. 這時候談話中斷了。
Telephone communication with other cities has broken down..
和其他城市的電話聯(lián)系中斷了.
break in –
1)enter a building by force 闖入 ，強行進入
He broke in and stole my money.
2)interrupt 插嘴 ，打斷
She broke in with some ideas of her own.
break into
1）enter by force 闖入
to break into a house
2）interrupt
to break into a conversation
3）=burst into –begin suddenly to sing, laugh etc.
to break/burst into a song/laughter
break off –
1）end, interrupt 中止，中斷
Those two countries have broken off relations with each other.
那兩個國家已中斷了關(guān)系。
2)折斷 He broke off a branch.
break out ---to begin suddenly
War / A fire broke out.
break through –force a way through突破
Have our soldiers broken through the enemy’s defenses?
break up-
1）cause to divided into smaller pieces （使）分開, 分解(物理)
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.
2）to cause to come to an end (使)結(jié)束
The police broke up the fight.
The party broke up when the police arrived.
警察到來之后聚會就解散了。
5.defense 保衛(wèi) ；防衛(wèi)
a defense of one’s country
in defense of 保衛(wèi)，維護
He spoke in defense of justice. 他發(fā)言維護正義。
a defense against
Mountains are a defense against the wind.山是防風的屏障。
6.keep –(cause to) stay, remain, or continue (使)保持 ，（使）持續(xù)
1)跟形容詞：
keep fit/ calm/ cool/ silent/ quiet/ awake/ warm/ open/ fresh/ fine
The weather is keeping fine.
We must keep fit.
I was so sleepy that I could hardly keep awake.
How long do the shop keep open?
It is hard to keep warm in such cold weather.
2）跟副詞：
We keep in during the cold weather.
Keep away from the fire, children.
3)跟介詞：
We’ll keep in touch with you.
4)跟帶現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
We’d better keep the fire burning.
5)跟帶過去分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：
You must keep us informed of how things are going with you.一定要我們經(jīng)常了解你們情況。
We must keep the documents locked up.
6)跟形容詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：
Please keep the door open.
Keep the clothes clean.
7)跟介詞短語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
Her sickness kept her in the hospital for six weeks.
A cold kept him in bed for three days.
8)跟副詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)
I’m sorry to keep you up so late.
They kept us out.
7.1)infect-put disease into the body of (sb.) 傳染，使感染 ，染上細菌，影響（用于比喻）
The disease infected her eyes, and she became blind. 這病感染她的雙眼，他瞎了。
The flu virus infected almost the entire class.
The meat is infected.
Violence is infecting our society.
2)contract –get an illness 感染；患病
My son contracted a fever. 我的兒子發(fā)高燒。
Xiao hua’s mother contracted HIV.
3)transmit –to send or carry from one person, place, or thing to another. 傳送，傳染
to transmit a disease
Insects can transmit disease.
Rats transmit disease.
Certain mosquitoes transmit malaria.
4)spread 傳播
Flies spread disease.
8.as with …正如。。。一樣
=as it is the same with…
=as is the case with…
As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and careful in doing this job.正如畫畫一樣，在做這件事時，你應(yīng)當耐心細致。
As with running, learning English needs will.
學習英語同跑步一樣都需要勇氣.
9.through birth
birth-n. 出生，分娩
the date of one’s birth
at birth 出生時
The baby weighed seven pounds at birth.
from birth/ though birth
He has been blind from birth.
give birth to 生，生產(chǎn)
She gave a birth to a boy last night.
birth control
French by birth 具有法國血統(tǒng)
出身 [u] He is English by birth although he was born in France.
她雖然生在法國，原籍卻是英國。
10.spread- vt. Vi.
1)傳播，散布
Flies spread disease.
Who spread these rumors?
2)蔓延，傳開vi.
The fire soon spread to the other building.
The illness spread quickly in that country.
News of their victory spread throughout the country.
3)伸展，延伸
The bird spread its wings. 鳥兒伸開翅膀。
比較：The bird beat its wings.
The field spreads out before us.田野展開在我們面前。
11.hope –n. 1)希望 [c.u]
While there is life there is hope.
There is a hope of success.
He has some hope(s) of success.
in hopes of= in the hope of
I went there in hopes of meeting some friends.
12.support –vt.
1)支撐，攙扶
The old man stood up, supported by his son.
2)支持，擁護
I support your suggestion.
鏈接：be in favor of : I’m in favor of your suggestion.
back –v. He always backs his friend in an argument.
be on one’s side – He is always on my side.
side with支持，支援 It’s safer to side with the stronger party.
支持實力較強的一方比較有利.
take sides 袒護，支持
No one takes sides with him.
3) 養(yǎng)活，維持生活support/ keep/ provide for
He had a wife and three children to support./keep/provide for.
keep/ feed / raise
He has five children to feed/ keep/ raise.
13.1)受。。。之苦suffer from
He suffered most from lack of rest.
He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger in the old days.
2)患（某種疾病）
We learned that he was suffering from cancer.
I suffer from high blood.
3)受到，遭受 （vt）to experience(sth) painful
The army suffered heavy losses in the battle．
endure-to bear pain忍受，忍耐
go through經(jīng)受，忍受
14.fear n.
*for fear of 由于害怕，以防
They were afraid to speak for fear of making errors.
Shut the window for fear of rain.
He left an hour early for fear of missing the train.
He ran away for fear of being hurt.
*for fear that 唯恐，怕的是，以防
She worried for fear that the child would be hurt.
Shut the window for fear that it may rain.
*in fear and trembling 膽戰(zhàn)心驚的
He stood there in fear and trembling.
*in fear of 害怕，擔心
The thief was in fear of the police.
The thief passed the day in fear of discovery.
fear –v。1）be afraid of
fear +n.
+ for 擔心
+(that) 恐怕, 擔心=I’m afraid
He has always feared nice.
She feared for the lost child.
I fear we’ll be late.
I fear I must go.
It’s raining, I fear.
簡單回答：
Is she very ill? I fear so.
Will he get well? I fear not.
15.immune-adj. 免疫的；有免疫力的；不受影響的 (同 to, from連用)unable to be harmed because of special powers in oneself
immune to disease不生病
immune to unhappiness不會不快樂
This medicine will make you immune to (from) the disease..
He has had the disease once, so he should be immune to it now.
When once you have had the disease you are immune from it for the rest of your life.
16.1）disrupt –to bring or throw in disorder擾亂
An accident has disrupted railway services into and out of the city.意外事件擾亂了進出那個城市的鐵路服務(wù)。
2)disturb-to break in(esp. someone is working)妨礙，打擾
I’m sorry to disturb you. 對不起，打擾了。
3)bother-to cause to be nervous, annoy or trouble, esp. in little ways打擾，麻煩
That’s what bothers me most. 這是最困擾我的地方。
I’m sorry to bother you , but can you tell me the time?
4)interrupt-to break the flow (of sth. continuous ) 阻斷，打斷
Traffic was interrupted by a snowstorm.
His speech was constantly interrupted by applause.
17. contrary --adj. 1)completely different; wholly opposed 相反的，格格不入的
contrary suggestions
n. the opposite相反；反面
They say he is guilty, but I believe the contrary.
On the contrary (used for expression strong opposition to what has just been said用來對剛說的話表示強烈反對) not all, no 恰恰相反
--- I hear you like your new job.
---On the contrary, it’s terribly uninteresting.
比較：
1)on the contrary 用來對剛說過的話表示完全不同意
“Does it rain a lot in the desert?”
“On the contrary, it hardly ever rains.”
2)on the other hand 對說做的陳述補充新的相反的事實
It rarely rains a lot in the coastal areas. 沙漠里很少下雨，但反之沿海地區(qū)經(jīng)常下雨。
3)in contrast 用來說明兩個根本不同的事實之間的（驚人的）差別：
It is hot in the desert in the day, but in contrast it is very cold at night. 沙漠里白天很熱，但是相比之下夜里卻很冷。
18. for the moment 暫時，目前
I have nothing to do for the moment.
We can leave it open for the moment.
*at the moment = at the present time; now
I’m busy at the moment.
I know his address, but I cannot think of it at the moment.
*the moment (that) =just as soon as; at exactly the time when
I recognized him the moment (that) I saw him.
*at any moment 任何時候；隨時
He might come back at any moment.
He will be here at any moment.